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HomeMy WebLinkAbout2025-12-16 Agenda and Supporting Documentation Town Council Afternoon Meeting1.Council Photos (8:30am) 2.The regular Town Council meeting will begin after the Vail Local Marketing District meeting at 12:45pm (estimated) 3.Call to Order (12:45pm) 4.Presentation/Discussion (12:45pm) 4.1 Forest Service Update (12:45pm)10 min. Information only. Presenter(s): Leanne Veldhuis, Forest Service 4.2 Arrive Vail Update (12:55pm)45 min. Listen to presentation and provide feedback. Presenter(s): Tom Kassmel, Director of Public Works and Transportation Background: Staff will Review the Arrive Vail - Vail Transportation Center Expansion project. 4.3 Municipal Financing Tools Update (1:40pm)30 min. Listen to presentation. Presenter(s): Carlie Smith, Finance Director Background: The Council will participate in strategic planning sessions during the month of January. As Council considers community priorities, staff, together with Economic Planning Systems (EPS), has prepared a presentation that provides a high-level overview of potential funding and financing tools for future projects. 4.4 Golf Club Gore Creek Enhancement Plan Discussion (2:10pm) 45 min. Listen to presentation and provide feedback. Presenter(s): Pete Wadden, Watershed Health Specialist VAIL TOWN COUNCIL MEETING Afternoon Session Agenda Vail Town Council Chambers and virtually by Zoom. Zoom meeting link: https://vail.zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_Q9R6qnU7RK6WHt_-HCfqMg 8:30 AM, December 16, 2025 Notes: Times of items are approximate, subject to change, and cannot be relied upon to determine what time Council will consider an item. Council Memo 12-16-25.docx 2025.12.16_Arrive Vail Overview.pdf 121625 Funding Update.docx 242129-Vail Financing Options_12.10.25 final.pdf 1 Background: The Town of Vail and Vail Recreation District have prepared the Vail Golf Club Gore Creek Enhancement Plan as an addition to the Gore Creek Strategic Action Plan. This appendix builds upon the goals and objectives established in the Strategic Plan by identifying targeted enhancement and restoration opportunities along Gore Creek and throughout the Vail Golf Club property. 4.5 Land Use Zoning Development Review Code Update (2:55pm) 30 min. Listen to presentation and provide feedback. Presenter(s): Matt Gennett, Community Development Director Background: The 2026 budget includes funds for a contract to assist with updates to Title 12, Zoning Regulations, Vail Town Code. Much of Title 12 dates back to the incorporation of the Town and requires a comprehensive update to remove inefficient, outdated language that is confusing for users. The purpose of this discussion is to highlight the areas of need for updates and provide a framework for which staff can move forward with requesting qualifications from consultants for this project. 5.DRB/PEC (3:25pm) 5.1 DRB/PEC Update (5 min.) 6.Information Update (3:30pm) Golf Club Enhancement Plan Staff Memorandum 121625 - afternoon.pdf Vail Golf Club Gore Creek Enhancement Plan Presentation -TC 12162025.pdf Attachment A. Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan, November 24, 2025.pdf Attachment B. Existing Conditions & Opportunities Map.pdf Attachment C. Planning Zone Plan Maps.pdf Attachment D. Historical Aerial Evaluation.pdf Attachment E. Conceptual Designs.pdf Attachment F. Existing Conditions Photo Maps.pdf Attachment G. Hydraulic Evaluation Maps.pdf Attachment H. Geological Map.pdf Attachment I. Gore Creek Overall Plan and Profile.pdf Attachment J. Relative Elevation Model Map.pdf Attachment K. Utility Map.pdf Attachment L. Appendix 1 - Community Outreach Summary.pdf Attachment M. Appendix 2 - Vail Planting Guides.pdf Attachment N. Appendix 3 - Vail Golf Course - Golf Master Plan.pdf Attachment O. Appendix 4 - Drone Aerials.pdf Attachment P. Appendix 5 - Hydrology Memo.pdf Attachment Q. Appendix 6 - Water Quality Results for the Ponds.pdf Attachment R. Appendix 7 - Pond Management Plan.pdf Attachment S. PEC25-0036 Staff Memo, November 24, 2025 .pdf Attachment T. PEC25-0036 Meeting Minutes, November 24, 2025.pdf Land Use Zoning Development Review Code Update - Memo.pdf DRB Results 12-3-25.pdf PEC Results 12-8-25.pdf 2 6.1 November 3, 2025 AIPP Meeting Minutes 7.Matters from Mayor, Council, Town Manager and Committee Reports (3:30pm) 7.1 Matters from Mayor, Council and Committee (20 min.) Committee Appointments 7.2 Town Manager Report (15 min.) 7.3 Council Matters and Status Update 8.Executive Session (4:05pm) (45 min.)Executive Session pursuant to: C.R.S. § 24-6-402(4)(b)(e) to hold a conference with the Town Attorney, to receive legal advice on specific legal questions; and to determine positions relative to matters that may be subject to negotiations, develop a strategy for negotiations and instruct negotiators on the topic of: Timber Ridge Village Deed Restricted Credit Program and Unit Acquisitions. 9.Recess 4:50pm (estimate) November 3, 2025 Minutes.pdf Town Council - Committee Appointments - 2025.xlsx Town Manager Report.pdf 251216 Matters.docx Meeting agendas and materials can be accessed prior to meeting day on the Town of Vail website www.vail.gov. All Town Council meetings will be streamed live by High Five Access Media and available for public viewing as the meeting is happening. The meeting videos are also posted to High Five Access Media website the week following meeting day, www.highfivemedia.org. Please call 970-479-2460 for additional information. Sign language interpretation is available upon request with 48 hour notification dial 711. 3 AGENDA ITEM NO. 4.1 Item Cover Page DATE:December 16, 2025 TIME:10 min. SUBMITTED BY:Stephanie Bibbens, Town Manager ITEM TYPE:Presentation/Discussion AGENDA SECTION:Presentation/Discussion (12:45pm) SUBJECT:Forest Service Update (12:45pm) SUGGESTED ACTION:Information only. PRESENTER(S):Leanne Veldhuis, Forest Service VAIL TOWN COUNCIL AGENDA ITEM REPORT ATTACHMENTS: 4 AGENDA ITEM NO. 4.2 Item Cover Page DATE:December 16, 2025 TIME:45 min. SUBMITTED BY:Tom Kassmel, Public Works ITEM TYPE:Presentation/Discussion AGENDA SECTION:Presentation/Discussion (12:45pm) SUBJECT:Arrive Vail Update (12:55pm) SUGGESTED ACTION:Listen to presentation and provide feedback. PRESENTER(S):Tom Kassmel, Director of Public Works and Transportation VAIL TOWN COUNCIL AGENDA ITEM REPORT ATTACHMENTS: Council Memo 12-16-25.docx 2025.12.16_Arrive Vail Overview.pdf 5 To: Town Council From: Public Works Department Date: December 16, 2025 Subject: Arrive Vail Review I. SUMMARY The Town of Vail has budgeted $1.5 Million to complete the planning and design of the future expansion of the Vail Transportation Center (VTC). Half of the cost (up to $750,000) will be reimbursed as a part of the Multi Modal Option Fund grant awarded to the Town in the fall of 2022. The purpose of the project is to update and expand the VTC to accommodate current and future needs. Transit use growth of the Vail Transit Center has exceeded current capacity during peak season and is anticipated to grow with the success of Core (EVTA), the expansion of Bustang, and the success and expansion of Town of Vail transit services. The planning and design process has utilized the adopted Vail Mobility and Transportation Master Plan and the completed Arrive Vail Phase I – Goals and Concept Analysis as a guideline to complete the concept design for a new and updated Vail Mobility/Transit & Arrival Center. The Town has contracted with 4240 Architecture Inc. to facilitate and execute th is planning and design process with four phases: Phase I Goals & Needs and Initial Programming Concept Analysis (Complete) Phase II Concept Design (Complete) Phase III Schematic Design (Spring 2026) Phase IV Design Entitlements (Summer/Fall 2026-Additional Funding Needed) The purpose of this Council session is to:  Review the last 9 months of project progress and identify next steps II. NEXT STEPS Phase II – Concept Design is now complete. The next step is to award Phase III – Schematic Design (SD) at a future Council meeting. As presented, the concept design is a $85-$100M project, which has increased the anticipated cost of the SD and Design Entitlement phases. Staff has been working with the design team to reduce the SD scope, however it is anticipated that the cost will still be 20%-25% more than the current 6 Town of Vail Page 2 budgeted funds. Staff will return in January with a proposed SD cost and options to fully fund this next phase. III. RECOMMENDATION Staff recommends that Council review the material, listen to the presentation, and provide feedback regarding the final concept design, costs, and funding opportunities. IV. ATTACHMENTS Arrive Vail Presentation 7 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 1 VAIL TRANSPORTATION CENTER ARRIVE VAIL PHASE II TOWN COUNCIL UPDATE 10.21.2025 8 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 6 Enhance Accessibility and Connectivity - Increase and improve the multi-modal capacity, operations, and safety at the VTC to provide better accessibility & connectivity throughout Vail, Eagle County, and the state of Colorado. Resilient Infrastructure - Invest in the existing VTC’s aging 50 year old transit infrastructure and develop new resilient infrastructure and facilities to ensure long term viability, functionality, and safety for the next 50 years. Preservation of Vail’s Character - Expand and redevelop the existing VTC preserving the unique character of Vail’s aesthetic and cultural identity. Sustainable Mobility - Enhance sustainable transportation modes at the VTC using innovative technology and partnerships to further green initiatives to reduce the town’s carbon footprint. Innovative Technologies - Embrace new technologies to enhance efficiency, safety, and user experience at the VTC, accommodating future needs for smart city solutions. Economic Vitality - Support local businesses by enhancing the VTC, explore private/public partnerships to enhance the VTC services and infrastructure that contribute to the economic vitality of the community. Overall Goals (from the approved Go Vail 2045 adopted plan) 9 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 8ARRIVE VAIL EXISTING VTC TRANSIT FUNCTIONALITY ISSUES - Insufficient Number of Bus Bays - Passenger Island Width is Insufficient - High Pedestrian / Vehicle Conflicts - Conflicts Between Existing VT/Core Buses and Entering Intercity Buses/Shuttles - Delays For Exiting Buses Heading West - Insufficient Passenger Waiting Area 10 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 9ARRIVE VAIL VTC FUTURE TRANSIT FUNCTIONS - Transit Hub for Vail Transit - Upvalley Terminus of Core Transit - Key Intercity Bus / Airport Shuttle Center - Hotel Shuttle Center 11 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 10ARRIVE VAIL RECOMMENDED TRANSIT PROGRAM Vail Transportation Center Expansion Study: Existing Conditions LSC Transportation Consultants, Inc. Town of Vail Page 34 Table 16: Recommended VTC Transit Program Vehicle Type Existing Future Growth Total Future Vail Transit 4 4 8 Core Transit 2 4 6 Subtotal: Total # Bus Bays 6 8 14 Vehicle Type Existing Future Growth Total Future Bustang/Greyhound Buses 2 2 4 Hotel/Lodging Shuttles 2 1 3 Vans (Airport/Pegasus)2 3 5 Auto/Taxi/Rideshare 7 1 8 Total Required Curb Length in Linear Feet 1 380 260 640 Passengers Existing Future Growth Total Future Sitting 3,600 830 4,430 Standing 1,800 410 2,210 Total Required Sq.Ft. for Waiting Passengers 5,400 1,240 6,640 Bus Bay Capacity Passenger Waiting Area (Sq. Ft) Note 1: Assuming an average of 60 FT for buses, 30 FT for Vans, and 20 FT for Auto/Taxi/Rideshare. Taxi/Shuttle Lane Capacity Options seek to provide space for 18 buses and 400 linear feet of passenger vehicles 12 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 12ARRIVE VAIL EXISTING CHALLENGES - TRANSIT - bus/transit visibility from indoor waiting & ticketing - multi-modal vehicle conflicts bus, shuttle, ride-share, parking LEVEL 04 S Frontage Rd E CORE bus CORE bus ToV bus taxi pick-up & drop-off shuttle/alt. bus pick-up & drop-off pedestrian/ transit conflict multi-modal congestion point difficult left turnsdifficult left turns insufficient amount of bus bays insufficient width for pedestrians and non-accessible insufficient width for passing multi-modal congestion point 15 minute parking LEVEL 05 DAY PARKING BEYOND knee walls restrict access to area 4 charge stations + backfill staging Town of Vail transit CORE transit congestion points pedestrian/transit conflict short-term parking 15 minute parking taxi, rideshare, shuttle, alternate bus pick-up & drop-off ToV bus ToV bus ToV bus 13 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 7 ANALYSIS OF TRANSIT DEMAND/ RECOMMENDATIONS EXISTING CONDITIONS No cross-walks leads to unsafe conditions with pedestrians walking into bus traffic ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 21 6 bus bays for 12 potential buses (current max at peak times is 8 buses) 260 linear feet of Auto/ Taxi/ Rideshare/ Shuttle/ Van Big Ideas: - Intuitive wayfinding - Visual connections - Creating a “front porch” - Importance of landscape Vail Transit Core Transit Bustang/ Greyhound TRANSIT TEST-FIT STUDIESEXISTING CONDITION N 14 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 8 ANALYSIS OF TRANSIT DEMAND/ RECOMMENDATIONS EXISTING CONDITIONS Waiting platforms are far too small and pedestrians spill out into bus traffic ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 21 6 bus bays for 12 potential buses (current max at peak times is 8 buses) 260 linear feet of Auto/ Taxi/ Rideshare/ Shuttle/ Van Big Ideas: - Intuitive wayfinding - Visual connections - Creating a “front porch” - Importance of landscape Vail Transit Core Transit Bustang/ Greyhound TRANSIT TEST-FIT STUDIESEXISTING CONDITION N 15 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 41 16 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 42 17 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 43 18 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 44 19 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 45 20 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 48 21 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 49 22 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 50 23 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 51 24 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 54ARRIVE VAIL Potential areas for the Bus footprint to grow REMOVE BUILDINGS/ REINFORCE SLAB SHIFT INTO SOUTHERN VEGETATED AREA ADD NEW DECK SHIFT FRONTAGE RD. 25 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 14 Current Queuing Bay Condition: Not optimal Current peak conditions show 2-3 buses queuing in each bay Staggering route times can give you less bus bays, but people have to wait rather than having an immediate transfer Uncertainty from weather, construction, and traffic regularly affects route timing Delaying passengers degrades the attractiveness of using the transit service Optimal Future Individual Bay Condition All routes serve a transit hub at the same time of the hour & at convenient work schedule times Passengers can walk directly off one bus and onto their connecting bus No passenger is waiting at a layover location for a bus bay to become free Buses can pull out directly without backing up 2-3 cross-walks control pedestrian traffic ANALYSIS OF TRANSIT DEMAND/ RECOMMENDATIONS QUEUING VERSES INDIVIDUAL SAW-TOOTH BUS BAYS 26 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 21 TRANSIT TEST-FIT STUDIES PASSENGER DROP-OFF & PASSENGER VEHICLES LOSS OF SHORT-TERM PARKING FORCING AN ADDITIONAL BUS DECK SOLUTION ? REPLACING PARKING ON & OFF-SITE N N LOSS OF NET 45 PARKING SPOTS - Options for On-Site and Off-Site parking reallocation - Ford Park Frontage Rd., West Vail Sites - Recapturing parking in lower levels of garage by moving existing non-parking program LOSS OF CENTRAL REAL ESTATE N 27 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 22 TRANSIT TEST-FIT STUDIES OPTIONS WE STUDIED 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 14ARRIVE VAIL Vail Transit Core Transit Bustang/ Greyhound 2B: Upper Deck with Internalized Ramps 20 buses | 400 linear feet of Auto/ Taxi /Rideshare/ Shuttle/ Van REMOVES BUILDINGS/ REINFORCES SLAB ADDS NEW DECK SHIFTS INTO S. VEGETAGED AREA Arrival & Vertical Circulation N 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 11ARRIVE VAIL Vail Transit Core Transit Bustang/ Greyhound 2A: Upper Deck with West Ramp and Roundabout 18 buses | 400 linear feet of Auto/ Taxi /Rideshare/ Shuttle/ Van REMOVES BUILDINGS/ REINFORCES SLAB ADDS NEW DECK SHIFTS INTO S. VEGETAGED AREA Arrival & Vertical Circulation N 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 17ARRIVE VAIL Vail Transit Core Transit Bustang/ Greyhound 2C: Upper Deck with E & W Ramp & E Roundabout 18 buses | 400 linear feet of Auto/ Taxi /Rideshare/ Shuttle/ Van REMOVES BUILDINGS/ REINFORCES SLAB ADDS NEW DECK SHIFTS INTO S. VEGETAGED AREA UPPER LEVEL Arrival & Vertical Circulation N Arrival & Vertical Circulation N IF WE MOVE FORWARD WITH AN UPPER DECK SOLUTION THERE WOULD BE POTENTIAL TO MITIGATE LEFT TURNING ISSUES WITH A BRIDGE/RAMP 28 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 23 TRANSIT TEST-FIT STUDIES OPTIONS WE’VE REFINED Arrival & Vertical Circulation N N Arrival & Vertical Circulation Arrival & Vertical Circulation N UPPER LEVEL Arrival & Vertical Circulation N Arrival & Vertical Circulation N 1 2 4 3A 3B 29 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 24 6 bus bays 260 linear feet of Auto/ Taxi/ Rideshare/ Shuttle/ Van Vail Transit Core Transit Bustang/ Greyhound TRANSIT TEST-FIT STUDIES EXISTING CONDITION N 30 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 25 Vail Transit Core Transit Bustang/ Greyhound TRANSIT TEST-FIT STUDIES OPTION 1: EXTENDING THE EXISTING DECK SHIFTS FRONTAGE RD. REMOVES BUILDINGS/ REINFORCES SLAB NN VIEW FROM FRONTAGE RD. & VILLAGE CENTER DR. VIEW FROM VILLAGE CENTER DR. & EAST MEADOW DR. 31 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 26 Vail Transit Core Transit Bustang/ Greyhound TRANSIT TEST-FIT STUDIES 19 bus bays 420 linear feet of Auto/ Taxi/ Rideshare/ Shuttle/ Van Big Ideas: - Solving for buses on existing extended deck - Leaving prime real estate for arrival - Intuitive wayfinding - Visual connections - Creating a “front porch” - Importance of landscape OPTION 1: EXTENDING THE EXISTING DECK SHIFTS FRONTAGE RD. REMOVES BUILDINGS/ REINFORCES SLAB Arrival & Vertical Circulation Front Porch N 32 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 27 Vail Transit Core Transit Bustang/ Greyhound TRANSIT TEST-FIT STUDIES OPTION 1: PHASING THE MOVING OF FRONTAGE RD. N 19 buses12 buses w/ 4 staged 33 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 28 Vail Transit Core Transit Bustang/ Greyhound I-25 BERTHOUD TRANSIT TRANSIT TEST-FIT STUDIES OPTION 1: PHASING RELOCATING INTER-CITY BUSES TO THE MEDIAN OF I-70 ABILITY TO EXPAND TO 19 BUSES IF NEEDED IN THE FUTURE. ULTIMATELY PROVIDING ~23 IF NECESSARY N Arrival & Vertical Circulation 34 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 29 Vail Transit Core Transit Bustang/ Greyhound TRANSIT TEST-FIT STUDIES OPTION 2: WEST BUS DECK WITH INTERNAL RAMPS REMOVES BUILDINGS/ REINFORCES SLAB ADDS NEW DECK N Escalators Stairs Elevators VIEW FROM FRONTAGE RD. & VILLAGE CENTER DR. VIEW FROM VILLAGE CENTER DR. & EAST MEADOW DR. 35 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 30 Vail Transit Core Transit Bustang/ Greyhound TRANSIT TEST-FIT STUDIES OPTION 2: WEST BUS DECK WITH INTERNAL RAMPS REMOVES BUILDINGS/ REINFORCES SLAB ADDS NEW DECK 18 bus bays 380 linear feet of Auto/ Taxi/ Rideshare/ Shuttle/ Van Big Ideas: - Solving for buses on additional deck - Leaving prime real estate for arrival - Visual connections - Importance of landscape Arrival & Vertical Circulation N LOWER LEVEL Escalators Stairs Elevators 36 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 31 Vail Transit Core Transit Bustang/ Greyhound TRANSIT TEST-FIT STUDIES OPTION 2: WEST BUS DECK WITH INTERNAL RAMPS REMOVES BUILDINGS/ REINFORCES SLAB ADDS NEW DECK 18 bus bays 380 linear feet of Auto/ Taxi/ Rideshare/ Shuttle/ Van Big Ideas: - Solving for buses on additional deck - Leaving prime real estate for arrival - Visual connections - Importance of landscape Arrival & Vertical Circulation N LOWER LEVEL Escalators Stairs Elevators 37 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 32 Vail Transit Core Transit Bustang/ Greyhound TRANSIT TEST-FIT STUDIES OPTION 2: WEST BUS DECK WITH INTERNAL RAMPS REMOVES BUILDINGS/ REINFORCES SLAB ADDS NEW DECK UPPER LEVEL Arrival & Vertical Circulation N UPPER LEVEL 18 bus bays 380 linear feet of Auto/ Taxi/ Rideshare/ Shuttle/ Van Big Ideas: - Solving for buses on additional deck - Leaving prime real estate for arrival - Visual connections - Importance of landscape Escalators Stairs Elevators 38 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 33 Vail Transit Core Transit Bustang/ Greyhound TRANSIT TEST-FIT STUDIES OPTION 3A: BUS DECK ABOVE FRONTAGE RD. ADDS NEW DECK N Escalators Stairs Elevators VIEW FROM FRONTAGE RD. & VILLAGE CENTER DR. VIEW FROM VILLAGE CENTER DR. & EAST MEADOW DR. 39 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 34 Vail Transit Core Transit Bustang/ Greyhound TRANSIT TEST-FIT STUDIES OPTION 3A: BUS DECK ABOVE FRONTAGE RD. ADDS NEW DECK N 18 bus bays 500 linear feet of Auto/ Taxi/ Rideshare/ Shuttle/ Van Big Ideas: - Solving for buses on additional deck separate from existing structure - Leaving prime real estate for arrival and passenger drop-off LOWER LEVEL Arrival & Vertical Circulation N Escalators Stairs Elevators 40 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 35 Vail Transit Core Transit Bustang/ Greyhound TRANSIT TEST-FIT STUDIES OPTION 3A: BUS DECK ABOVE FRONTAGE RD. UPPER LEVEL ADDS NEW DECK Arrival & Vertical Circulation N 18 bus bays 500 linear feet of Auto/ Taxi/ Rideshare/ Shuttle/ Van Big Ideas: - Solving for buses on additional deck separate from existing structure - Leaving prime real estate for arrival and passenger drop-off Escalators Stairs Elevators 41 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 36 Vail Transit Core Transit Bustang/ Greyhound TRANSIT TEST-FIT STUDIES OPTION 3B: BUS DECK ABOVE FRONTAGE RD. & WEST DECK REMOVES BUILDINGS/ REINFORCES SLAB ADDS NEW DECK N Escalators Stairs Elevators VIEW FROM FRONTAGE RD. & VILLAGE CENTER DR. VIEW FROM VILLAGE CENTER DR. & EAST MEADOW DR. 42 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 37 Vail Transit Core Transit Bustang/ Greyhound TRANSIT TEST-FIT STUDIES OPTION 3B: BUS DECK ABOVE FRONTAGE RD. & WEST DECK REMOVES BUILDINGS/ REINFORCES SLAB ADDS NEW DECK 16 bus bays 750 linear feet of Auto/ Taxi/ Rideshare/ Shuttle/ Van Big Ideas: - Solving for buses on additional deck - Leaving prime real estate for arrival and passenger drop-off Arrival & Vertical Circulation N LOWER LEVEL Escalators Stairs Elevators 43 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 38 Vail Transit Core Transit Bustang/ Greyhound TRANSIT TEST-FIT STUDIES OPTION 3B: BUS DECK ABOVE FRONTAGE RD. & WEST DECK REMOVES BUILDINGS/ REINFORCES SLAB ADDS NEW DECK 16 bus bays 750 linear feet of Auto/ Taxi/ Rideshare/ Shuttle/ Van Big Ideas: - Solving for buses on additional deck - Leaving prime real estate for arrival and passenger drop-off Arrival & Vertical Circulation N UPPER LEVEL Escalators Stairs Elevators 44 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 39 Vail Transit Core Transit Bustang/ Greyhound TRANSIT TEST-FIT STUDIESADDS NEW DECK N OPTION 4: BUS DECK ABOVE EAST PARKING DECK Escalators Stairs Elevators VIEW FROM FRONTAGE RD. & VILLAGE CENTER DR. VIEW FROM VILLAGE CENTER DR. & EAST MEADOW DR. 45 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 40 Vail Transit Core Transit Bustang/ Greyhound TRANSIT TEST-FIT STUDIES OPTION 4: BUS DECK ABOVE EAST PARKING DECK UPPER LEVEL ADDS NEW DECK N Arrival & Vertical Circulation Escalators Stairs Elevators 18 bus bays 375 linear feet of Auto/ Taxi/ Rideshare/ Shuttle/ Van Big Ideas: - Solving for buses on additional deck - Leaving prime real estate for arrival and passenger drop-off 46 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 43 IDEAS AROUND ARRIVAL OPTION A 47 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 44 IDEAS AROUND ARRIVAL OPTION A (E) MUSEUM NEW F&B PLAZA WITH VIEWS E. MEADOW DR. S. FRONTAGE RD. E. (E) PARKING (E) PARKING (E) PARKING NEW TRANSIT BUILDING 48 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 53 Museum F & B F & B Museum Activator Program Choices: Culture SUMMARY 2 1 - Anchored around a new ski museum which takes advantage of great views of the ski mountain and proximity to the 10th Mountain Division Memorial. Community - Here the Museum and the Food and Beverage hall flip so that F & B has the more prominant position on the lower plaza. This scheme may be the one which brings the most life to the plaza. 49 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 54 Civic Museum Civic Museum 4 Activator Program Choices: SUMMARY 3 Civic 1 - Here the prominant corner is given to a new Vail Municipal building. A large space on the top floor would be used for Council Chambers and could be used for Community events as well as rented for Private uses. Additional parking is provided under the new Municipal building. Civic 2 - Here the Museum is given the Prominant corner and the Municipal building hugs the South Eastern portion of the garage. Additional parking is provided by an additional tray to be added above the upper parking deck. 50 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 55 Civic MuseumF&B 5 Activator Program Choices: SUMMARY Civic 3 - The most ambitious of the 5 schemes, this locates a new Municipal building atop the new Transit Arrival Building. This would give the Council Chambers/ Community Space great views of the surrounding town and valley. This scheme hosts both a building dedicated to Food & Beverage as well as a new Ski Museum. 51 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 2 52 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 4 Municipal Building [add alternate] Transit Center Oversized Vehicle Parking [existing] Bus Stations [18 bays] Food & Beverage Café Ski Museum 53 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 5 Transit Center [± 37,000 SF] Vert. Circ. Bus Stations [18 bays] Food & Beverage [±3,000 SF] Skier Services [Restrooms, Lockers] Pre-Function [3,000 SF] Oversized Vehicle Parking [existing] Café [± 2,000 SF] Town Council Chambers [3,000 SF] Ski Museum [±4,000 SF] RESTORATION OF THE FOREST 54 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 7 SNOW CONTROL & SUSTAINABILITY ARRIVAL VIA BUS TRANSIT 55 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 8 CRAFT VIEW TO ARRIVAL CENTER 56 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 9 SHELTER ORIENT TO MOUNTAIN 57 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 10 CONNECTION TO THE SKY VIEW FROM OVERLOOK 58 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 11 Level 05 Transit Center [± 37,000 SF] Vert. Circ. Bus Stations [18 bays] Town Council Chambers [3,000 SF] Pre-Function [3,000 SF] Oversized Vehicle Parking [existing] Café [± 2,000 SF] 59 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 13 Indoor Arrival Waiting [± 5,400 SF] Info/Tickets [TOV, Core, Vail Transit & Info] Municipal Offices [add alternate] Parking Dept [existing] Oversized Vehicle Parking [existing] Food & Beverage [±3,000 SF] Skier Services [Restrooms, Lockers] Vert. Circ. Bus Stations [18 bays] Café [± 2,000 SF] Level 04 Ski Museum [±4,000 SF] 60 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 15 Dept Space Indoor Waiting Existing Pa r k i n g New Stalls New Stalls BOH Lockers BOH Existing Pa r k i n g Existing Pa r k i n g BUILDING SECTION - ARRIVAL CENTER 61 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 17 Food & Beverage [± 3,000 SF] Ski Museum [± 4,000 SF] Covered Garage Parking [existing] KitchenBOHRestrooms Level 03 Municipal Offices [add alternate] Vert. Circ. 62 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 19 Town Council Chambers / Community Event Spaces [dividable space w/ Pre-Function and supporting Spaces] Covered ride-share & shuttle drop-off E Meadow Drive Vegetated Buffer Municipal Offices Municipal Offices Municipal Parking Municipal Pa r k i n g Existing Parking Existing Parking Existing Par k i n g BUILDING SECTION - MUNICIPAL 63 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 20 Existing Parking Existing Parkin g Existing Parkin g Skier Services [Lockers, Restrooms, Vending, Vertical Circulation] Food & Beverage [including Kitchen and Restrooms] E Meadow Drive Vegetated Buffer Town Council Chambers / Community Event Spaces [dividable space w/ Pre-Function and supporting Spaces] BUILDING SECTION - FOOD & BEVERAGE 64 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 21 FOR EVERYONE VIEW TOWARDS TRANSIT ARRIVAL 65 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 23 Covered Garage Parking [existing]Covered Garage Parking [existing] Level 02 Ski Museum [± 4,000 SF] Covered Garage Parking [existing] Municipal Parking [add alternate] BOH Storage [building maintenance] BOH Storage [building maintenance] Vert. Circ. Skier Services [Restrooms, Lockers] 66 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 24 BUILDING SECTION - CAFE & MUSEUM Ski Museum Café Existing Parking Existing Parking Existing Parking MCA - Denver 67 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 25 Covered Garage Parking [existing] Level 01 Ski Museum [± 4,000 SF] Covered Garage Parking [existing] Municipal Parking [add alternate] Skier Services [Restrooms, Lockers] Locker Room Public Restrooms Municipal Lobby [add alternate] Vert. Circ. BOH Storage [building maintenance] 68 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 29 RESTORATION OF THE FOREST VIEW FROM VAIL VILLAGE 69 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 31 SHELTER RETURN FROM VAIL VILLAGE 70 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 38 85 - 100,000,000 2025 Cost 2025 Cost Transit Arrival Center Municipal Building 40 - 45,000,000 Waiting & Skier Services 30,000,000$ Municipal Building 32,000,000$ $ $ 6,000,000$Museum & Café 33,000,000$Plaza 10%CM / Testing & Phasing Logistics (%) 10%CM / Testing & Phasing Logistics (%) 11.5%Design (%) 11.5%Design (%) Estimated Project Total Cost Estimated Project Total Cost 71 Economic & Planning Systems, Inc.Town of Vail Financing Options 4 PUBLIC FINANCING MECHANISMS Description Acronym Urban Renewal Authority URA Downtown Development Authority DDA General Improvement District GID Public Improvement Fee PIF Public Private Partnership/Joint Development P3 Dedicated Sales Tax Dedicated Lodging Tax Land Lease/Land Sale Current Town Reserve Town Bonding Potential/COPs •For the current evaluation of options, the team has narrowed the set of options from 13 to 10. •The eliminated options include: –BID (which only applies to commercial properties and does not tap the more significant residential values); –Title 32 Metro District (which is applied to new development, rather than existing inventory); and –Philanthropy (which is more likely to be generated for cultural or iconic uses). •The 10 remaining options are currently under a detailed review. 72 ARRIVE VAIL 39°38’32” N 106°22’25” W TRANSPORTATION CENTER EXPANSION page 41 THANK YOU! 73 AGENDA ITEM NO. 4.3 Item Cover Page DATE:December 16, 2025 TIME:30 min. SUBMITTED BY:Carlie Smith, Finance ITEM TYPE:Presentation/Discussion AGENDA SECTION:Presentation/Discussion (12:45pm) SUBJECT:Municipal Financing Tools Update (1:40pm) SUGGESTED ACTION:Listen to presentation. PRESENTER(S):Carlie Smith, Finance Director VAIL TOWN COUNCIL AGENDA ITEM REPORT ATTACHMENTS: 121625 Funding Update.docx 242129-Vail Financing Options_12.10.25 final.pdf 74 TO: Vail Town Council FROM: Finance Department DATE: December 16, 2025 SUBJECT: Financing Options I. SUMMARY The Council will participate in strategic planning sessions during the month of January. As Council considers community priorities, staff, together with Economic Planning Systems (EPS), has prepared a presentation that provides a high-level overview of potential funding and financing tools for future projects. The presentation provides more in-depth information on tax-increment financing through the creation of a Downtown Development Authority, which may be the most feasible option for funding future projects. Council also requested historical information on the Town’s lift tax and its calculation methodology, both of which are highlighted in the presentation. II. DISCUSSION Downtown Development Authority Several funding options are available to local governments. Most recently the Town utilized revenue bonds and certificates of participation for the Southface Housing project, and shortly before that began the redevelopment of Timber Ridge through a public–private partnership. Both projects relied on Town reserves as well as the dedicated housing sales tax, which was approved by voters and implemented in January 2022. One financing method highlighted in the presentation, and potentially the most viable for future projects, is the creation of a Downtown Development Authority (DDA). A DDA uses tax-increment financing (TIF) generated within its boundaries, similar in concept to an Urban Renewal Authority (such as the Vail Reinvestment Authority). The incremental tax revenue is reinvested into public improvements within the district, which enhances the area and, in turn, supports increased property values. TIF is collected only on new assessed valuation within the district, while the existing base remains unchanged, ensuring that current tax revenues are not impacted. A DDA differs from a URA in several key ways: it does not require approval from other taxing districts, and it is not subject to a blight study. However, properties must opt into the district. Another advantage of a DDA is the duration of the TIF: it is authorized for an initial 30-year period and may be extended for two additional 20-year periods. In addition, a DDA may levy up to 5 mills of property tax to support maintenance and operations, events, and marketing efforts that help sustain the enhanced public infrastructure. 75 - 2 - Lift Tax In addition to sales and lodging tax mentioned in the presentation, lift tax is also one of the town’s main revenue sources. Over the past several months Council has requested more information on Vail Resort’s calculation method for the Town’s 4% lift tax. Below is an updated information based on a presentation given to Council in 2023 with brief history of the lift tax as well as information acquired during meetings and communications with Vail Resorts over the past several years on the topic of lift tax calculations. History The lift tax was first imposed by Ordinance 10, Series 1966 as a 2% occupation and business tax on places of business operating a ski lift or ski tow. This was the same as a 2% occupation and business tax imposed on lodges, restaurants, liquor stores and retailers established by ordinance in 1966 as well. In May of 1992, the ordinance was repealed with the name of the tax was changed to “Ski Area Lift Ticket Admissions Tax” and the rate increased to 4% (see Exhibit A). A May 22, 1992, letter from Vail Associates (VA) acknowledged the existing 2% tax and that they were already making a voluntary 2% payment at that time. VA supported a formal increase in the tax to 4% based on their understanding that the tax would support transportation systems. However, the ordinance enacting the tax does not restrict the use of funds collected from the tax or reference transportation in any way. The town’s 1992 ordinance was passed in June, and pre-dated the effective date of TABOR. In 2003, with changes to the various lift access products made available by Vail Resorts, the town requested clarification as to how the proper amount due to the town was being calculated. Vail Resort’s Chief Operating Officer at the time, Bill Jensen, provided a letter describing the tax calculation (see Exhibit B). Since then, Vail Resorts has communicated with the Town that the practice of recognizing revenue for lift tickets and season passes has not changed fundamentally from what was described in a 2003 letter. The town has never conducted a formal audit of the lift tax collections, although we have the right to do so by ordinance. Since the 2003 letter, the town has received updated communications from Vail Resorts in July, 2011 and August 2016. Staff met with the VR revenue department multiple times in 2022 to confirm their revenue recognition and lift tax calculations. Revenue Recognition and Lift Tax Calculations The Town’s Finance department last met with the Vail Resort’s Revenue department in 2022 to clarify pass sale revenue recognition calculations summarized below. Vail Resorts calculates an Effective Pass Price (EPP) for each type of pass separately, such as the Epic Local, Epic, Child, Teen, and the newest product, the prepaid Epic Day pass. This is calculated based on the total pass sales revenue for that pass, the number of passes sold (both known before the start of the season), and the estimated use of the pass for each mountain based on historical visitation. The EPP is the total revenue earned per pass scan by each mountain resort. While not every resort is paid an admissions or lift tax, the Town of Vail receives a 4% tax on the total revenue allocated per month based on the EPP. As the season progresses, the usage is monitored, and adjustments are made to the EPP as needed based on actual pass usage. At the end of the ski season, there is a final true-up. The price per scan does not consider the “value” of the mountain based on the daily lift ticket window price. For the purposes of the calculation, Vail Mountain is not allocated a higher portion of revenue from a pass scan than for example Keystone, CO or Alpine Valley, Ohio, even though Vail Mountain is viewed as a premium mountain demonstrated by the comparison of daily lift ticket prices (walkup prices for December 20, 2023: Vail $269, Keystone $219 and Alpine Valley $65). 76 - 3 - Additionally, Vail Resorts also has pass partnerships with mountains such as Telluride Ski Resort, a mountain offered on the pass, but a resort they do not own. Pass partners are not included in the EPP calculation. Instead, their contract includes a negotiated price per scan. Contracted scan prices for Vail Resorts’ pass partners are not disclosed, and it is unknown if the contracted price is higher or lower than EPP. These revenues are subtracted from total pass revenues before the calculation of EPP revenue is allocated to Vail-owned mountains. Vail Resorts has stated that when it acquires more mountains and adds them to a pass, the EPP calculated for Vail Mountain is generally unaffected or diluted. They have communicated that with each mountain that is acquired, there is generally an increase in pass sale revenue which offsets the possible decrease in spreading pass sales across more mountains or in pass partnerships. Vail Resorts will not share a historical look at Vail’s EPP publicly. Illustrated mathematically the revenue recognition policy to determine Epic Pass revenue associated with skier visitation at Vail Mountain is calculated as follows: For example, assume that 1,000 Epic passes were sold for $1,050 per pass, resulting in total Epic pass revenue of $1,050,000. 1,000 x $1,050 = $1,050,000 Assume then that $150,000 of this revenue is allocated to partner resorts with fixed contractual rates for pass scans; like Telluride and Rusutsu, Japan. This leaves $900,000 in revenue to be split by VR owned resorts: $1,050,000 - $150,000 = $900,000 Assuming that there are 10,000 total visits to VR owned resorts (or 10 visits per pass) and that 5% or 500 of those visits were to Vail Mtn, 5% of the total revenue or $37,500 would be allocated to Vail. (500/10,000) x $900,000 = $45,000 In this simplified explanation, the Town’s 4% lift tax would be calculated off the $45,000 in pass scan revenue allocated to Vail Mountain. The Town would receive $1,800 in lift tax. This is in addition and separately calculated from daily lift tickets. Lift Tax Collections Annual revenue from lift tax collections totaled $6,745,551 in 2024, and is forecasted to total $6,811,976 for 2025. Lift tax is one of the town’s main revenue sources, along with sales tax, real estate transfer tax, property tax and parking sales. The chart below shows a history of annual lift tax collections over the past 10 years. Total Pass Revenue - Revenue Allocated to Partner Resorts )=Vail Mtn Pass Lift RevenueSeason Pass Visits to Vail Mtn Season Pass Visits to All VR Owned Mtns()X ( 10 Year History of Lift Tax Collections 2016 $5,032,970 2017 $4,708,765 2018 $5,103,480 2019 $5,341,369 2020 $4,095,812 2021 $5,518,980 2022 $6,473,618 2023 $6,536,433 2024 $6,745,551 2025 Forecast $6,811,976 77 455 Capitol Mall, Suite 701 Sacramento, CA 95814 916. 649.8010 www.epsys.comThe Economics of Land Use VAIL FINANCING OPTIONS December 16, 2025 78 Economic & Planning Systems, Inc.Town of Vail Financing Options 1 PROCESS OVERVIEW •Economic & Planning Systems has been asked to review breadth of local financing options that can be leveraged with state and/or federal funding sources to: –Address infrastructure needs within the core areas of the Town –Address capital facilities that require funding •The analysis includes a review potential application of revenues, building from those considered under previous Civic Area goals. •The purpose is to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of each financing tool and implications for utilization (or removal) of a given tool 79 Economic & Planning Systems, Inc.Town of Vail Financing Options 2 BACKGROUND 2018-2019 Civic Area Plan: •Funding options included 13 distinct revenue potentials, comprising the Sources of Funds. •Two overarching criteria: –Amount of Proceeds –Effort for Adoption •The most compelling funding sources at the time included: URA, DDA, Town Bonding, Dedicated lodging/sales tax •Since the findings from this analysis: –The URA option identified during the 2018/19 Civic Area Plan process has been fully committed to the Dobson redevelopment –Town Bonding, and a dedicated sales or lodging tax are less viable today Amount of Effort for Description Acronym Proceeds Adoption Urban Renewal Authority URA High High Downtown Development Authority DDA Medium High Business Improvement District BID Low Medium General Improvement District GID Low Medium Metro District (Special District)Title 32 Medium Low Public Improvement Fee PIF Medium Low Dedicated Sales Tax N/A High Medium Dedicated Lodging Tax N/A High Medium Land Lease / Land Sale N/A Medium High Current Town Reserve N/A Low Low Public Private Part/ Joint Venture P3 or JV Medium Medium Philanthropy Philanthropy High High Certificate of Participation/Bonding COPs High Low TOTAL Source: Economic & Planning Systems 80 Economic & Planning Systems, Inc.Town of Vail Financing Options 3 PUBLIC FINANCING MECHANISMS •For the current evaluation of options, the options have been sorted into three tiers, with Tier 3 being the weakest options. •Tiers 1 and 2 to be evaluated in more detail in later slides •Tier 3 includes: –Land Lease/Sale; –BID (which only applies to commercial properties, does not tap the more significant residential values); –Title 32 Metro District (which is applied to new development) and; –Current Town Reserve; –Philanthropy (which is more likely to be generated for cultural or iconic uses) Description Tier Acronym Downtown Development Authority Tier 1 DDA Public Private Partnership/Joint Venture P3/JV Urban Renewal Authority Tier 2 URA General Improvement District GID Public Improvement Fee PIF Dedicated Sales Tax Dedicated Lodging Tax Certificate of Participation/Bonding COPs Land Lease/Land Sale Tier 3 Business Improvement District BID Metro District Title 32 Current Town Reserve Philanthropy 81 Economic & Planning Systems, Inc.Town of Vail Financing Options 4 TIERS 1 AND 2 - PROCESS OF FORMATION/ADOPTION Description Effort Establishment Process Downtown Development Authority (DDA) Medium •Initiated by a local legislative body and formed vote of at least 50% of electors (residing, owning, and/or leasing property) within a proposed district. Approaches can focus on district of parcels or a lattice of ROW. •Must reflect a concentration of governance and commerce for a community. General Improvement District (GID)Medium •Initiated by petition of at least 50% of property owners in the district followed by publication, notice, and public hearings. •30% or 200 (whichever is less) of the electors of the proposed district must sign petitions or if 100% of taxable property owners sign the petition, public hearing can be waived. Public Improvement Fee (PIF)Low •Private covenant that runs with the land. Recorded by the landowner and applied in accordance with its terms. Given that it is a private covenant, it is designated as a ‘fee’ instead of a ‘tax.’ An election is not required. Urban Renewal Authority (URA)High •Petition by 25 electors, council resolution •Requires identifying blight, separate approval for projects within URA. Dedicated Sales or Lodging Tax High •Either revenue source would require a public vote. Public Private Partnership High •Town of Vail would select a developer through competitive process for town-owned lands. PPP will do best with a compelling location. 82 Economic & Planning Systems, Inc.Town of Vail Financing Options 5 GENERAL IMPROVEMENT DISTRICT (GID) •A general improvement district (GID) is a special improvement district that can apply an additional property tax or assessment to a defined area to pay for new public infrastructure. •Can be used to fund any public improvement or service the town is authorized to undertake or provide (roads, utilities, parking, pedestrian improvements, stormwater) in a defined district or subarea shared by or serving multiple development projects. –Can also pay for ongoing operations and maintenance. •Establishment: –Initiated by petition of a majority of property owners in the district followed by publication, notice, and a public hearing. Initiated by at least 30% or 200 (whichever is less) of the electors or if 100% of taxable property owners sign the petition, the public hearing can be waived •Who Pays? –A GID can levy a property tax to pay for the specified improvements. It can also levy an assessment that would allow for a varied fee structure based on benefits received. •Benefits: –The district can issue bonds to pay for up-front infrastructure costs. Although organized and managed by the city, a GID is a separate governmental entity with its own powers and duties. The city is not responsible for any debt issued by the GID. •Limitations: –Issuance of debt requires a TABOR election. Also, any tax levy applies uniformly to all property owners in the district regardless of development status 83 Economic & Planning Systems, Inc.Town of Vail Financing Options 6 PUBLIC IMPROVEMENT FEE (PIF) •A PIF works similarly to a sales tax but is imposed by private landowners pursuant to a covenant that runs with the land. Given that it is imposed by a private party that has no ability to tax, it is designated as a fee –Often used to service debt related to public improvements –Because it is a private covenant, there is wide latitude in terms of its potential applications •In some cases, revenues from PIFs are combined with other sources, such as Metropolitan District’s tax revenues, to address a broader set of public improvement needs •Establishment: –Typically negotiated at time of entitlement, the developer establishes a PIF, which is subsequently applied to future tenants within a given project. •Who Pays? –A PIF is a fee applied to the sales of goods and services that is enforced by a private covenant that runs with the land. The agreement may also be contained in an agreement between a development entity and its future tenants –Often collected in conjunction with sales tax and local municipalities remit the proceeds to the developer (after deducting a service fee) 84 Economic & Planning Systems, Inc.Town of Vail Financing Options 7 DEDICATED SALES/LODGING TAX •Establishment of a revenue stream from an additional sales and lodging tax that would be dedicated to a specific use or improvement •Establishment: Requires a public vote 85 Economic & Planning Systems, Inc.Town of Vail Financing Options 8 URBAN RENEWAL AUTHORITY (URA) •Established to eliminate blighted areas for development or redevelopment by purchasing, rehabilitating and selling land with the goal of eliminating conditions of blight, encouraging development that would otherwise not be considered financially feasible, funding public improvements and amenities •Establishment: –Requires finding of blight, petition by 25 electors, council resolution –Separate approval for projects within the authority •Governance: –Board consisting of 13 members unless the board is the Town Council, with one member from the County, the school district and the special districts •Who Pays? –Funded by TIF on property and/or sales tax for a maximum of 25 years –The county and each tax district must approve their tax increment revenue sharing agreements, the county, the school district and one member from the special districts get a member on the URA Board •Limitations: –Not all URAs perform the same due to timing and market conditions –Requires a blight study to determine eligible area, adoption of urban renewal plan areas, and county impact report 86 Economic & Planning Systems, Inc.Town of Vail Financing Options 9 DOWNTOWN DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY (DDA) •A DDA, like an Urban Renewal Authority, redirects TIF into civic improvements and civic programming within a recognized boundary. •The purpose is to improve property values or structures in districts recognized as the central business district of the Town. •A DDA has the potential to capture and redirect the property tax increment and sales tax increment associated with new development within a designated boundary •Similar to a URA, none of the existing Town of Vail revenue sources are affected. Moreover, given the low base on any site that is publicly owned today and has a base of zero, the potential increment in some scenarios is substantial •TIF (Tax Increment Finance) is based on net new assessed valuation within the district, most often generated by redevelopment. Without new private development, no TIF. 87 Economic & Planning Systems, Inc.Town of Vail Financing Options 10 DEPICTION OF TIF MECHANISM – DDA AND URA How TIF Works The assessed value of taxable property in the DDA and/or sales tax is determined for the base year If the assessed value increases, the DDA receives the amount of the increase in taxes, except for property tax increases due to general reassessments. The DDA has a duration of 30 years before the base is reset, after which the TIF flows to the existing taxing entities. There are ways of extending the DDA timeframe. In addition to TIF, a DDA can assess a property tax levy of up to 5.0 mills $0M $5M $10M $15M $20M $25M $30M 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 Assessed Value Years Base Increment Reversion 88 Economic & Planning Systems, Inc.Town of Vail Financing Options 11 DOWNTOWN DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY (DDA) •Establishment: –Initiated by a local legislative body and requires the approval of a majority electors (residing, owning, and/or leasing property) within the district. Two approaches include: Defining boundary around group of properties, often known as ‘downtown’. Defining boundary using public rights-of-way within the central business district, and inviting properties to join that abut DDA area •Governance: –An appointed board of 5 to 11 members who must live, lease, or own property within the DDA plus at least one city council member •Who Pays? –The primary source of funding for a DDA is tax increment financing (TIF) that captures the growth in property taxes from all applicable taxing entities, and/or the local city portion of sales taxes, to pay for public improvements and redevelopment projects –A DDA can also levy a property tax of up to 5 mills for the cost of operations (e.g., DDA staff, security, maintenance, events, and marketing) –Can also impose fees or charges for services 89 Economic & Planning Systems, Inc.Town of Vail Financing Options 12 DOWNTOWN DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY (DDA) •Benefits: –DDAs are established to assist municipalities with the development, redevelopment, and management of downtown areas. They can use TIF for an initial period of 30 years, which can be extended for two additional 20 years with a resetting of the base. –The establishment of a DDA boundary and the use of TIF are not subject to the blight requirements that are applicable to URAs. –A DDA boundary can include separate areas or subdistricts that are not required to be contiguous. •Limitations: –A DDA is limited to a central business district – the area in a municipality which is and traditionally has been the location of the principal business, commercial, financial, service, and governmental center, zoned and used accordingly. –As with any issuance of debt, bonds issued by towns on behalf of DDAs will require an election under TABOR. 90 PEER COMMUNITY DDA EXAMPLES 91 Economic & Planning Systems, Inc.Town of Vail Financing Options 14 LITTLETON •Littleton Downtown Development Authority –Established in 2022 –4 subareas –Property & sales tax TIF and 3 mill levy (phased approach starting at 2 mills) 92 Economic & Planning Systems, Inc.Town of Vail Financing Options 15 COLORADO SPRINGS •Colorado Springs Downtown Partnership –Membership Organization, Downtown Ventures, Greater Downtown Business Improvement District (BID), DDA –Downtown Development Authority (DDA) 7 subdistricts – 1 square mile Property tax TIF & 5 mill levy Partners Roles DCSP – Membership Ensure that Downtown serves as the economic, civic and cultural heart of Colorado Springs. Focus: policy and advocacy Greater Downtown BID Ensure that Downtown provides an urban environment that is clean, engaging, welcoming, and walkable. Focus: marketing, clean & safe, beautification DDA Build public and private investment partnerships that promote the physical and economic growth. Focus: investment support Downtown Ventures Dedicated to the arts, historic preservation and other public benefit programs. Focus: Arts/culture 93 Economic & Planning Systems, Inc.Town of Vail Financing Options 16 GRAND JUNCTION •DDA as an uncommon, non-contiguous boundary that includes river front area 1-mile from the downtown core (connected by ROW on 7th Street) –DDA includes properties in Central Business District, Rail District, and River District. Overlaps with BID. •Boundary Expansion –Approves around 3 new properties each year without marketing •Established in 1981 and is on their 3rd 20-year extension •Levies a 5-mill property tax –City: 100% property and sales tax –County: 50% property tax –School District: 100% property tax •Focuses on economic development efforts to enhance Downtown. Funds big capital projects (Main Street Uplift, Avalon Theatre revamp) and non-capital programs 94 Economic & Planning Systems, Inc.Town of Vail Financing Options 17 DENVER DDA •Established in 2008 around Union Station •Boundary expansion in 2024 encompasses a larger area comprised of city-owned right of way (ROW) 95 Economic & Planning Systems, Inc.Town of Vail Financing Options 18 LIFT TAX The Town of Vail collects a 4% tax on all Vail Mountain lift access, including pass usage •Ordinance 10, Series of 1966 - 2% occupation and business tax •June, 1992 – 4% “Ski Area Lift Ticket Admissions Tax” (pre-TABOR) •Vail Associates (VA) was making a voluntary 2% payment at the time and supported the formal increase to support transportation systems; however the use of these funds is not restricted •In 2003 the Town received formal clarification of how lift tax was calculated on various pass products. •Updated communications were received in 2011 and 2016 •In 2022 staff met with Vail Resorts (VR) multiple times to clarify the calculation details 96 Economic & Planning Systems, Inc.Town of Vail Financing Options 19 LIFT TAX CALCULATION •VR estimates an Effective Pass Price (EPP) for each pass type sold at the beginning of ski season. The EPP is allocated to each resort for each pass scan that occurs (one per day) •EPP is adjusted throughout the season and a final true-up is completed at the end of the season. The EPP allocated revenue is used to calculate Town of Vail 4% lift tax •VR owned resorts receive an equal portion of available pass revenue based on scans •VR partner resorts, like Telluride, have an agreed-upon rate for each pass scan at their resort. This rate is unknown and could be higher or lower than the EPP allocated VR owned resorts. Partner resort revenue is deducted before EPPs are calculated. Total Pass Revenue - Revenue Allocated to Partner Resorts )=Vail Mtn Pass Lift RevenueSeason Pass Visits to Vail Mtn Season Pass Visits to All VR Owned Mtns()X ( 97 Economic & Planning Systems, Inc.Town of Vail Financing Options 20 LIFT TAX CALCULATION 98 Economic & Planning Systems, Inc.Town of Vail Financing Options 21 LIFT TAX COLLECTIONS - 1,000,000 2,000,000 3,000,000 4,000,000 5,000,000 6,000,000 7,000,000 8,000,000 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 Forecast Lift Tax 99 Economic & Planning Systems, Inc.Town of Vail Financing Options 22 NEXT STEPS •Vail Town Council –Consider options and identify optimal tool(s) •Vail town staff, with support from consultants –Map out logistics for formation for selected tool(s) –Identify roles for partners •January work session –Provide refined information based on Town Council direction –Lay groundwork for implementation 100 AGENDA ITEM NO. 4.4 Item Cover Page DATE:December 16, 2025 TIME:45 min. SUBMITTED BY:Pete Wadden, Environmental Sustainability ITEM TYPE:Presentation/Discussion AGENDA SECTION:Presentation/Discussion (12:45pm) SUBJECT:Golf Club Gore Creek Enhancement Plan Discussion (2:10pm) SUGGESTED ACTION:Listen to presentation and provide feedback. PRESENTER(S):Pete Wadden, Watershed Health Specialist VAIL TOWN COUNCIL AGENDA ITEM REPORT ATTACHMENTS: Golf Club Enhancement Plan Staff Memorandum 121625 - afternoon.pdf Vail Golf Club Gore Creek Enhancement Plan Presentation -TC 12162025.pdf Attachment A. Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan, November 24, 2025.pdf Attachment B. Existing Conditions & Opportunities Map.pdf Attachment C. Planning Zone Plan Maps.pdf Attachment D. Historical Aerial Evaluation.pdf Attachment E. Conceptual Designs.pdf Attachment F. Existing Conditions Photo Maps.pdf Attachment G. Hydraulic Evaluation Maps.pdf Attachment H. Geological Map.pdf Attachment I. Gore Creek Overall Plan and Profile.pdf Attachment J. Relative Elevation Model Map.pdf Attachment K. Utility Map.pdf Attachment L. Appendix 1 - Community Outreach Summary.pdf Attachment M. Appendix 2 - Vail Planting Guides.pdf Attachment N. Appendix 3 - Vail Golf Course - Golf Master Plan.pdf Attachment O. Appendix 4 - Drone Aerials.pdf Attachment P. Appendix 5 - Hydrology Memo.pdf Attachment Q. Appendix 6 - Water Quality Results for the Ponds.pdf Attachment R. Appendix 7 - Pond Management Plan.pdf Attachment S. PEC25-0036 Staff Memo, November 24, 2025 .pdf Attachment T. PEC25-0036 Meeting Minutes, November 24, 2025.pdf 101 TO: Vail Town Council FROM: Community Development Department DATE: December 16, 2025 SUBJECT: A presentation to the Vail Town Council for approval of the Vail Golf Club Gore Creek Enhancement Plan as an addition to the Gore Creek Strategic Action Plan. (PEC25-0036) Applicant: Town of Vail, represented by Pete Wadden Planner: Cole Michaelsen I. SUMMARY The Vail Golf Club Gore Creek Enhancement Plan (Enhancement Plan) is a proposed addition to the Gore Creek Strategic Plan (Strategic Plan). The goal of the Enhancement Plan is to improve the health and vitality of Gore Creek and the surrounding ecosystem while maintaining or enhancing the Vail Golf Club as a recreational and aesthetic community amenity. The Planning and Environmental Commission, with a unanimous vote of 3-0 (Tucker, Lintner, Lipnick, and Hagedorn were absent) forwarded a recommendation of approval to the Vail Town Council, to add the Vail Golf Club Gore Creek Enhancement Plan as an addition to the Gore Creek Strategic Action Plan. Please find the staff memorandum to the PEC and the minutes from the November 24. 2025 meeting attached to this report. II. PURPOSE The Town of Vail, in collaboration with Wright Water Engineers, Inc. (WWE) and project partners, has prepared the Enhancement Plan as an addition to the Strategic Plan. This appendix builds upon the goals and objectives established in the Strategic Plan by identifying targeted enhancement and restoration opportunities along Gore Creek and throughout the Vail Golf Club property. The intent of the Plan is to develop a framework of recommendations that improve creek health, enhance habitat, and support ongoing water quality improvements, while also providing recreational and aesthetic benefits to the community. 102 Town of Vail Page 2 III. DISCUSSION The original Gore Creek Strategic Plan identified over two hundred specific actions to restore Gore Creek, a 303(d) listed impaired waterway. Among the categories of actions recommended in the plan are: • Management of Creekside Landscapes • Reduce Runoff and Erosion • Prevent Off-Site Transportation of Pollutants • Reduce Road Runoff, Operations, Repair and Management Impacts • Maintain Vegetated Buffers • Maintain Site Hydrology • Protect High Value Areas • Reduce Pollutant Loading • Enhance Streamside Vegetation • Reduce Impervious Areas and Implement Runoff Controls The Vail Golf Club Gore Creek Enhancement Plan seeks to build on those actions identified and apply them to one of the largest stream -front properties in Vail: The Vail Golf Club. In 2024, Town of Vail and Vail Recreation District began work with a team of consultants comprising hydrologists, ecologists, algae control specialists, and golf course architects to develop a set of priority projects and best management practices intended to help enhance and restore the Gore Creek ecosystem through the Golf Course reach. Project consultants conducted hydraulic analysis and aerial drone surveys of the length of the project reach and consulted with key community partners like Eagle River Wat er & Sanitation District. Proposed projects resulting from that analysis and information gathering range greatly in size, scale and impact and are intended to be implemented over a multi-year time scale. Among the primary problems to address on the golf course reach of Gore Creek is what the project team has come to call the “shotgun reach.” Aerial imagery from the 1950s and 1960s indicates that Gore Creek lost nearly 1600 feet of length through the golf c ourse reach as Interstate 70, the Frontage Road and the golf course were constructed. This resulted in a 4,555-foot stretch of Gore Creek that is narrow, incised, channelized, and straight. The straightening and confinement of the creek has led to degraded habitat and reduced hydraulic function within the golf course reach but also has downstream impacts near Ford Park and the Vail Nature Center. Within the “shotgun reach” along the western portion of the golf course flows are accelerated, leading to increa sed erosion and sediment transportation and degraded aquatic habitat. Downstream of the Golf Course reach as Gore Creek enters Ford Park the stream widens and slows, allowing the sediment and rock material from the “shotgun reach” to settle out as the wate r decelerates. These rocky materials fill pools and create a shallow, over -wide reach of 103 Town of Vail Page 3 stream that is not conducive to fish or macroinvertebrate habitat. The Enhancement Plan proposes to address the narrow, incised nature of the “shotgun reach” by laying back banks and re-connecting portions of floodplain, and considers re -routing the creek through a portion of its historic channel. Another factor contributing to the impairment of Gore Creek through the golf course reach is a lack of robust riparian habitat. In many places, this problem is intertwined with the narrow, incised nature of the stream channel as it exists today. The stream banks are steep, eroded, and rocky, making it difficult to establish vegetation. The Plan proposes to address this problem by widening the stream channel where possible and establishing limited floodplain and riparian benches where vegetation can be estab lished on gentler slopes. In 2025, the managers of the Vail Golf Club began making changes to reduce the impacts of landscape chemicals on Gore Creek and on algae proliferation in golf course ponds. The course managers have already begun to reduce mowing in near -stream areas and have piloted the use of organic fertilizers in areas of rough near waterways. The Enhancement Plan identifies additional locations where fairways and greens may be narrowed, and areas of native and riparian vegetation expanded. Excessive algae growth in golf course ponds is detrimental to aquatic ecosystems and unsightly for golfers. Several strategies are proposed to address algae growth including establishment of riparian buffers around ponds, reduction of nutrient inflows to p onds, installation of aerators, and conversion of low-value ponds to wetlands. The Enhancement Plan also identifies a limited number of trees for removal, primarily to reduce shading of greens. Among the challenges of maintaining a golf course high in the Rockies is an ongoing struggle with frost on greens. The frost issue necessitat es additional fertilizer and fungicide use to maintain green quality. Strategic removal and replacement of shade trees located to the east, south and southwest of greens will alleviate the challenge and reduce the need for chemical applications to maintain high value turf. Any trees removed will be replaced in more suitable locations at a greater than 1:1 ratio. Community Engagement The Enhancement Plan provides information on the stakeholder engagement portion of the planning process. This included presentations to the Town Council in 2024, the Planning and Environmental Commission in June 2025 and a public open house at the Vail Golf Club on July 22nd, 2025, where feedback was gathered. Feedback emphasized the need to maintain playability, transparency in pesticide reduction, and support for creek realignment that restores historical creek shape. 104 Town of Vail Page 4 Staff presented the draft Enhancement Plan to the PEC on November 10 and November 24, 2025. PEC voted to forward a recommendation of adoption to Council at its November 24, 2025 meeting IV. PROPOSED ADDITION The application is for an addition to the Gore Creek Strategic Plan, to incorporate the Vail Golf Club Gore Creek Enhancement Plan as guidance for the Vail Golf Club reach of Gore Creek. The proposed addition includes updated existing-conditions documentation, technical evaluations, conceptual design materials, and community outreach summaries that support future restoration and enhancement activities along the corridor. The materials supporting this addition are included in the Attachments section of this memorandum for Commission review. V. RECOMMENDATION Questions and discussions on the proposal. VI. ATTACHMENTS A. Vail Golf Club Gore Creek Enhancement Plan , November 19, 202225 B. Existing Conditions & Opportunities Maps C. Planning Zone Plan Maps D. Historical Aerial Evaluation E. Conceptual Designs F. Existing Conditions Photo Maps G. Hydraulic Evaluation Maps H. Geological Maps I. Gore Creek Overall Plan and Profile J. Relative Elevation Model Map K. Utility Map L. Appendix 1 - Community Outreach Summary M. Appendix 2 - Vail Planting Guides N. Appendix 3 - Vail Golf Course – Golf Master Plan O. Appendix 4 - Drone Aerials P. Appendix 5 - Hydrology Memo Q. Appendix 6 - Water Quality Results for the Ponds R. Appendix 7 - Pond Management Plan S. PEC25-0036 Staff Memo, November 24, 2025 T. PEC25-0036 Meeting Minutes, November 24, 2025 105 Vail Golf Club -Gore Creek Enhancement Plan December 16, 2025 106 Purpose of this Presentation Seeking feedback on draft plan Will eventually seek adoption of Vail Golf Club –Gore Creek Enhancement Plan as appendix to Gore Creek Strategic Plan 2107 Restore the Gore Strategic Plan Adopted in 2016 Identified restoration of Gore Creek riparian and in-stream habitat through Golf Course Reach 3108 Town Council Strategic Plan Prioritizes removal of Gore Creek from the 303(d) List by 2029 4109 Purpose of this Plan Improve creek health while preserving or enhancing an important community recreational amenity 5110 Project Outcomes 6 The plan envisions a restored creek corridor with gentler banks, improved floodplain connectivity, healthy riparian vegetation, and naturalized hydraulics and geomorphology. Necessary step toward Town’s goal of having Gore Creek removed from the 303(d) list by 2029 and emphasizes a philosophy of balance, enhancing ecological integrity while maintaining recreational value. 111 Project Goals 7 a)Restore natural stream function through reconnection of the channel and floodplain to reduce erosion and improve geomorphic stability. b)Enhance riparian and pond vegetation to provide shading, habitat, and nutrient filtration, reducing algae and improving water quality. c)Stabilize banks and reduce flooding using nature- based techniques near the 7th Hole, 11th Fairway, and 15th Green. d)Adopt sustainable management practices to minimize chemical use, support turf health, and reduce wildfire fuel loads. e)Increase biodiversity by diversifying native vegetation and improving aquatic and terrestrial habitats. f)Align golf course infrastructure with creek health to ensure resilient, cost-effective long-term maintenance. 112 Public Outreach 8 ▷The draft plan incorporates feedback from stakeholders representing Eagle River Water & Sanitation District, Vail Recreation District, Town of Vail Public Works and Environmental Sustainability staff, and the community at large.▷Concept maps were presented to the PEC on July 14, 2025, and at a public stakeholder feedback session at the Vail Golf Club Clubhouse on July 22, 2025.▷60 People in Attendance▷Main Discussions: Golf Playability, Support of Creek Re-Route, Cost Concerns, and General Information 113 50% Designs 1.Erosion along the 11th Fairway, threatening both the creek corridor and course infrastructure. 2.Flooding at the 7th Hole during peak runoff events. 3.Proximity of the 15th Green to the two-year flood line, limiting vegetation and increasing erosion risk. 4.Algae proliferation in ponds, driven by nutrient loading, warm shallow water, and limited vegetation buffers. 9114 Recommended Enhancement 10 a)Floodplain Reconnection & Channel Enhancement –Realign portions of the creek, regrade steep banks, and reconnect overbank areas to restore natural hydraulics. b)Bank Stabilization & Vegetative Buffers –Replace hardened edges with native willow plantings and bioengineered stabilization. c)Pond and Water-Quality Improvements –Enhance pond edge vegetation, reduce nutrient inputs, and increase aeration to control algae. d)Vegetation & Wildfire Management –Thin overmature spruce, replant diverse native species, and remove excess fuel loads. e)Golf Course Adjustments –Modify limited tees, cart paths, and turf edges to allow for restoration while maintaining playability. f)Public & Educational Components –Install interpretive signage and develop outreach materials linking recreation, water quality, and wildlife stewardship. 115 Next Steps 11 a)Approving a Plan not Construction Documents b)Concept Plan –each project design will require permitting and approval c)Projects to be completed over 5-8 years d)Limit Interruptions to Golf Course Play 116 History of Gore Creek 12 Prior to I-70 and Golf Course (Prior to 1955) a)Length of Creek = 13,000 feet b)Additional Sinuosity, Overflow Channels and Connected Floodplain c)Large Riparian Areas d)Resembles more natural systems like Katsos Reach 1962 Aerial 117 History of Gore Creek 13 Development (1960’s-1970’s): Highway 6, Golf Course, I- 70, Frontage Road a)Length reduced by 1,500 feet (After Highway 6) b)Drastically Straightened and Channelized c)1 Road & 6 Cart Path Crossings d)Diversion Drop Structure e)Artificial Grade Control f)Fertilizers and Road Pollutants Upstream Reference Reach 118 Historical Aerial Evaluation -1955 14119 Historical Aerial Evaluation -1962 15120 Historical Aerial Evaluation -1969 16121 Historical Aerial Evaluation -2022 17122 Vail Developed Rapidly 18123 19 “Shotgun Reach” 4,555’ STRAIGHT REACH!!! 124 Vegetation Enhancement and Strategic Tree Removal 20 a)Recommendations Influenced by Recent Tree Study b)Provides Diversification: Age, Class, Species c)Limit Fertilizer Application d)Increase Playability e)Reduces Shading and Frost Concerns f)Reduces Wildfire Risk g)Greater Than 1:1 Ratio!!! 125 50% Designs a)15th Green Proximity to Creek b)11th Fairway Erosion c)7th Hole Flooding d)Algae Proliferation in Ponds 21 Algae in Ponds 7th Hole Algae in Ponds 11th Fairway 15th Green 126 15th Green Proximity to Creek 22127 15th Green Proximity to Creek 23128 15th Green Proximity to Creek 24129 11th Fairway Erosion 25130 11th Fairway Erosion 131 11th Fairway Erosion 27132 7th Hole Flooding 28133 7th Hole Flooding 29134 Algae Proliferation in Ponds 30135 Algae Proliferation in Ponds 31136 32 a)Required Frontage Road Expansion for Housing b)Lost 600+ Linear Feet c)First Thing You See! West End Ponds & “Shotgun Reach” 137 33 West End Ponds & “Shotgun Reach” 138 34 West End Ponds & “Shotgun Reach” 139 35 West End Ponds & “Shotgun Reach” •Full re-route through ponds would restore 600 feet of the 1,500 feet lost during development •Could facilitate construction of CDOT-required turning lanes on Frontage Rd.140 36 Education and Grant Funding “Always be Educating” Gore Creek Restoration Story: Briefly introduces the creek’s importance, restoration goals, and the community’s role in improving water quality. Riparian Vegetation & Habitat: Highlights how native plants stabilize banks, create habitat, and filter runoff. Water Quality & Pond Management: Covers how stormwater is treated, nutrients are reduced, and pond habitats are improved. Wildlife & Biodiversity: Describes key fish, birds, and pollinators and their importance to creek health. Sustainable Course Maintenance: Shows the golf course’s efforts to reduce chemical use and support environmentally friendly turf care. Climate Resilience & Floodplain Health: Explains how restoration prepares the creek and floodplain for changing climate and water conditions. 141 37 Peter Wadden Watershed Specialist Pwadden@vail.gov 142 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan: An Appendix to the Gore Creek Strategic Action Plan January 2026 191-026.070 DRAFT 143 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 DRAFT TECHNICAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE Town of Vail Vail Recreation District Colorado Parks and Wildlife Eagle River Water & Sanitation District CONSULTANT TEAM Wright Water Engineers, Inc. DHM Design Atkinson Design Group GEI Consultants Solitude Lake Management 144 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 Page i DRAFT EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Project Overview Gore Creek is one of Vail’s most cherished natural resources, offering ecological, recreational, and community benefits throughout the valley. In 2012, the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment listed Gore Creek as an impaired waterway on the State’s 303(d) list due to declining aquatic life. Since then, the Town of Vail and its partners have invested in restoration, native vegetation plantings, and the adoption of riparian setbacks and “no-mow” zones. These efforts have improved conditions, yet key challenges remain, particularly along the reach that flows through the Vail Golf Club where steep, armored banks, altered alignment, and course design have limited habitat, floodplain connection, and natural function. It is the Town’s goal to have Gore Creek removed from the 303(d) list by 2029, and this plan supports that endeavor. The Vail Golf Club – Gore Creek Enhancement Plan, developed by Wright Water Engineers, DHM Design, Atkinson Design Group, GEI Consultants, and Solitude Lake Management on behalf of the Town of Vail, provides a roadmap to restore ecological health while maintaining the golf course’s playability and resilience. It integrates field evaluations, hydrologic and hydraulic analyses, historical aerial review, and community input to establish a balanced, science-based framework for enhancement and long-term management. Project Purpose and Goals The plan envisions a restored creek corridor with gentler banks, improved floodplain connectivity, healthy riparian vegetation, and naturalized hydraulics and geomorphology. It builds on the Town’s goal of having Gore Creek removed from the 303(d) list by 2029 and emphasizes a philosophy of balance, enhancing ecological integrity while maintaining recreational value. Primary goals include:  Restore natural stream function through reconnection of the channel and floodplain to reduce erosion and improve geomorphic stability.  Enhance riparian and pond vegetation to provide shading, habitat, and nutrient filtration, reducing algae and improving water quality.  Stabilize banks and reduce flooding using nature-based techniques near the 7th Hole, 11th Fairway, and 15th Green.  Adopt sustainable management practices to minimize chemical use, support turf health, and reduce wildfire fuel loads.  Increase biodiversity by diversifying native vegetation and improving aquatic and terrestrial habitats.  Align golf course infrastructure with creek health to ensure resilient, cost-effective long-term maintenance. Areas of Greatest Concern Field evaluations and stakeholder input identified four overlapping priorities: 1. Erosion along the 11th Fairway, threatening both the creek corridor and course infrastructure. 2. Flooding at the 7th Hole during peak runoff events. 3. Proximity of the 15th Green to the two-year flood line, limiting vegetation and increasing erosion risk. 4. Algae proliferation in ponds, driven by nutrient loading, warm shallow water, and limited vegetation buffers. Additionally, channel straightening and disconnection from the floodplain have reduced habitat complexity and increased sediment transport, while steep, sun-exposed banks have constrained riparian growth. Technical Findings Hydrologic and hydraulic analyses confirm that Gore Creek through the golf course is shortened, steepened, and confined, resulting in higher velocities and shear stresses. Much of the 2-year flow remains within the channel, with limited overbank flooding except at the downstream end near the 7th Hole. The system is also affected by the diversion structure at Hole 14, along with other man-made grade control structures, which alter sediment transport, raise temperatures, and restrict aquatic passage. Geomorphic assessment shows that straightened reaches lack riffle-pool sequences and natural variability, while upstream reaches retain more complexity and floodplain access. Vegetation surveys found aging willow and cottonwood stands with limited regeneration, stressed conifers, and widespread non-native turf and weeds encroaching on riparian zones. Collectively, these conditions degrade aquatic habitat, limit macroinvertebrate diversity, and heighten maintenance needs. Yet, they also present clear opportunities for ecological and recreational improvement through targeted design. Aerial View of Vail Golf Club 145 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 Page ii DRAFT Recommended Enhancements The plan proposes a comprehensive suite of restoration measures organized under six themes: 1. Floodplain Reconnection & Channel Enhancement – Realign portions of the creek, regrade steep banks, and reconnect overbank areas to restore natural hydraulics. 2. Bank Stabilization & Vegetative Buffers – Replace hardened edges with native willow plantings and bioengineered stabilization. 3. Pond and Water-Quality Improvements – Enhance pond edge vegetation, reduce nutrient inputs, and increase aeration to control algae. 4. Vegetation & Wildfire Management – Thin overmature spruce, replant diverse native species, and remove excess fuel loads. 5. Golf Course Adjustments – Modify limited tees, cart paths, and turf edges to allow for restoration while maintaining playability. 6. Public & Educational Components – Install interpretive signage and develop outreach materials linking recreation, water quality, and wildlife stewardship. Conceptual (50%) designs have been developed for critical sites, supported by updated hydraulic mapping and ecological assessments. Community Engagement & Next Steps Stakeholder outreach in 2025 included presentations to the Town Council and the Planning and Environmental Commission, as well as a well-attended public open house at the golf club. Feedback emphasized maintaining playability, transparency in pesticide reduction, and support for creek realignment that restores historical flow paths. Next steps include advancing design development through surveys and modeling, securing permits, coordinating interagency approvals, identifying funding, and implementing a monitoring and adaptive management framework. Conclusion The Vail Golf Club – Gore Creek Enhancement Plan represents a collaborative step toward restoring one of Vail’s defining natural assets. By restoring natural creek geomorphology, increasing channel complexity and diversity, improving vegetation and pond health, and integrating ecological design into golf course management, the Town of Vail can achieve meaningful progress toward removing Gore Creek from the 303(d) list. Beyond meeting regulatory goals, this effort enhances community resilience, strengthens habitat for fish and wildlife, and preserves the scenic and recreational values that make Vail unique. With continued investment, monitoring, and community partnership, the Town can ensure Gore Creek continues to thrive as a living, resilient centerpiece of Vail’s landscape for generations to come. Vail Golf Club, Gore Creek, and Interstate 70 146 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 Page i DRAFT TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1.0 Project Approach ...................................................................................................................... 2 2.0 Project Purpose ......................................................................................................................... 2 2.1 Campaign Goals ............................................................................................................ 3 2.2 Areas of Greatest Concern ........................................................................................... 3 2.3 Scope of Work .............................................................................................................. 3 2.3.1 Key Areas of Focus ...................................................................................... 3 2.3.2 Deliverables ................................................................................................. 4 2.3.3 Next Steps ................................................................................................... 4 3.0 Stakeholder Outreach ............................................................................................................... 4 4.0 Previous Studies ........................................................................................................................ 4 4.1 303(d) List ..................................................................................................................... 4 4.2 Gore Creek Strategic Action Plan – Restore the Gore ................................................. 5 4.3 Stream Corridor Protection Ordinance ........................................................................ 5 4.4 1.5 & 2-Year Hydrologic and Hydraulic Study .............................................................. 5 4.5 Vail Planting Guides ...................................................................................................... 5 4.6 Previous Planting Efforts .............................................................................................. 6 4.7 FEMA Flood Insurance Study ........................................................................................ 6 4.8 Golf Course Master Plan / History ................................................................................ 7 4.9 Frontage Road Widening .............................................................................................. 7 4.10 Vail Nature Center Reach ............................................................................................. 7 5.0 Existing Condition Evaluations .................................................................................................. 8 5.1 Site Observations .......................................................................................................... 8 5.2 Historical Aerial Evaluation ........................................................................................... 8 5.3 Hydrology ...................................................................................................................... 9 5.3.1 Hydrologic Trends ..................................................................................... 12 5.4 Water Rights and Diversions ...................................................................................... 12 5.4.1 Water Rights .............................................................................................. 12 5.5 Hydraulics ................................................................................................................... 13 5.6 Geomorphology .......................................................................................................... 13 5.6.1 The Gore Creek Valley ............................................................................... 16 5.6.2 Existing Creek Characteristics ................................................................... 17 5.6.3 Dimension ................................................................................................. 17 5.6.4 Bed Material .............................................................................................. 18 5.7 Physiochemical ........................................................................................................... 19 5.8 Biology ........................................................................................................................ 19 5.8.1 Vegetation ................................................................................................. 19 5.8.2 Fishery ....................................................................................................... 20 5.8.3 Macroinvertebrate Data ........................................................................... 20 5.8.4 Channelization Effects on Aquatic Species ............................................... 21 5.8.5 Channelization and Effects on Macroinvertebrates ................................. 21 5.8.6 Wildlife ....................................................................................................... 21 5.9 Other Aspects .............................................................................................................. 22 5.9.1 Ponds ......................................................................................................... 22 5.9.2 Golf Course ................................................................................................ 23 5.9.3 Utilities ....................................................................................................... 23 6.0 Enhancement Recommendations........................................................................................... 23 6.1 Vegetative Buffer Enhancement / Creation ............................................................... 23 6.2 Wetland / Riparian Habitat Creation .......................................................................... 24 6.3 Vegetation Management ............................................................................................ 24 6.4 Creek Realignment / Enhancement ........................................................................... 26 6.5 Point Bar Enhancement .............................................................................................. 27 6.6 Bank Stabilization ........................................................................................................ 27 6.7 Floodplain Reconnection ............................................................................................ 28 6.8 Feature Boulders/Clusters .......................................................................................... 28 6.9 Diversion Structure Rehabilitation ............................................................................. 28 6.10 Ponds ........................................................................................................................... 29 6.10.1 Pond Edge Vegetation Enhancement ....................................................... 29 6.11 Tree Replacement ....................................................................................................... 30 6.12 Golf Course Modifications .......................................................................................... 30 6.13 Utilities ........................................................................................................................ 30 6.14 Bioswales ..................................................................................................................... 30 6.15 Wildlife ........................................................................................................................ 30 6.16 Wildfire Mitigation ...................................................................................................... 31 6.16.1 Site Conditions and Risk Overview ............................................................ 31 6.16.2 Wildfire Mitigation Objectives .................................................................. 31 7.0 50% Designs ............................................................................................................................. 31 7.1 Erosion Along 11th Fairway ......................................................................................... 31 7.2 15th Green Proximity to Creek .................................................................................... 32 7.3 7th Hole Flooding ......................................................................................................... 32 7.4 Algae Proliferation ...................................................................................................... 32 7.5 General Revegetation ................................................................................................. 33 8.0 Educational Opportunities ...................................................................................................... 33 9.0 Funding .................................................................................................................................... 33 10.0 Permitting ................................................................................................................................ 34 11.0 Attachments: Plans, Designs, and Maps ................................................................................. 35 12.0 Appendices .............................................................................................................................. 35 13.0 References ............................................................................................................................... 36 147 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 Page 1 DRAFT TABLES Table 1. Design Storm Hydrology at Golf Club for Various Recurrence Intervals ................................ 9 Table 2. Average Monthly Flow Rates at Vail Golf Club ..................................................................... 10 Table 3. Typical Channel Parameters .................................................................................................. 10 Table 4. Incipient Motion Calculations ................................................................................................ 19 Table 5. Pond Water Quality Summary from May ............................................................................. 23 ATTACHMENTS Attachment A: Existing Conditions & Opportunities Map Attachment B: Planning Zone Maps Attachment C: Conceptual Designs Attachment D: Historical Aerial Evaluation Attachment E: Existing Conditions Photo Maps Attachment F: Hydraulic Evaluation Maps Attachment G: Gore Creek Overall Plan and Profile Attachment H: Geological Map Attachment I: Relative Elevation Model Map Attachment J: Utility Map APPENDICES Appendix 1: Community Outreach Summary Appendix 2: Vail Planting Guides Appendix 3: Vail Golf Course – Golf Master Plan Appendix 4: Drone Aerials Appendix 5: Hydrology Memorandum Appendix 6: Water Quality Results for Ponds Appendix 7: Pond Management Plan 148 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 Page 2 DRAFT 1.0 PROJECT APPROACH Wright Water Engineers, Inc. (WWE) and our project partners are excited to provide the Vail Golf Club – Gore Creek Enhancement Plan. The overall intent of this project is to recommend enhancement and restoration measures along Gore Creek and throughout the Vail Golf Club for a multitude of reasons and benefits to both people and the environment. The work developed to support this effort is broken down into three major categories:  Narrative: A narrative has been provided to outline background data reviewed, analysis completed, and a summary of general recommendations.  Enhancement Plan Maps: A series of maps has been developed to provide a high-level restoration approach to Gore Creek and the Vail Golf Club. This is likely the most important outcome of the project.  Conceptual Designs: Project areas of greatest concern were developed to a greater level of detail than the Enhancement Plan Maps to support future design phases. To meet the project's goals, various levels of analysis were conducted along Gore Creek, throughout the Vail Golf Club. The outcome of this project not only provides an enhancement plan that mimics a miniature master plan for Gore Creek, but it also provides conceptual designs for the areas of greatest concern. It should be understood that this is a living document that can continue to be updated as the Gore Creek Strategic Plan is implemented. This plan is intended to provide a framework for supporting the removal of Gore Creek from the 303(d) listing. 2.0 PROJECT PURPOSE Gore Creek is one of Vail’s most treasured natural resources, providing ecological, recreational, and community value throughout the valley. Yet, in 2012, the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment (CDPHE) listed Gore Creek as an “impaired waterway” due to declining aquatic life and included it on the State’s 303(d) listing of impaired and threatened waters. Previous studies and the Town of Vail’s Gore Creek Strategic Action Plan (Lotic, 2016) identified chemical-intensive landscaping practices and loss of riparian habitat as major contributors to this decline. Since then, the Town of Vail and its partners have worked to restore Gore Creek through extensive native vegetation plantings, education and outreach, the adoption of stream setback regulations, and the establishment of no-mow zones. It is the Town’s goal to have Gore Creek removed from the 303(d) listing by 2029, and projects like this are working to make that a reality. While this plan is designed to improve the health of the creek corridor, not to redesign the golf course, some modifications to golf course features will be needed to help meet the plan’s goals. While these previous efforts have improved creek health in many locations, challenges remain along the reach of Gore Creek that flows through the Vail Golf Club. The steep, rocky streambanks in this section have hindered the establishment of riparian vegetation, while legacy course design and the construction of the I-70 frontage road have limited natural floodplain function and effectively ‘locked’ the creek in place. These conditions not only affect ecological health—reducing shade, habitat, and biodiversity—but also increase risks of flooding and erosion. This enhancement plan has been developed to guide a comprehensive approach to riparian and floodplain management within the Vail Golf Club. The plan envisions a restored creek corridor with gentler bank slopes, improved floodplain connectivity, healthy native vegetation, and improved hydraulics and geomorphology that mimic natural conditions. It provides strategies to reduce reliance on landscape chemicals, manage dead vegetation, and enhance both ecological resilience and the playability of the golf course. By addressing site- specific concerns—such as erosion along the 11th Fairway, flooding near the 7th Hole, algae proliferation in ponds, and the creek’s proximity to the 15th Green—the plan seeks to balance ecological restoration with recreational use. Ultimately, the Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan represents an opportunity to restore stream health, protect water quality, reduce long-term management costs, and enhance the overall ecological integrity and biodiversity of the golf course. It builds on past community investments and provides a framework for the next phase of Gore Creek restoration, ensuring this vital waterway continues to thrive for future generations. Most importantly, this plan is about balance. By restoring the creek corridor through the Vail Golf Club, we can support fish and wildlife, protect clean water, and preserve the beauty of this special place for everyone who enjoys it; whether you’re playing a round of golf, walking along the trails nearby, or simply appreciating the natural beauty of Gore Creek. Figure 1. Beautiful View Looking Downstream on Gore Creek 149 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 Page 3 DRAFT It should be clear that this plan aims to enhance the creek corridor, rather than serving as a master plan for the golf course. Modifications to the golf course, however, will be required to implement the goals of this plan and support a healthier, more resilient Gore Creek. 2.1 Campaign Goals This enhancement plan is focused on restoring the health of Gore Creek while ensuring the Vail Golf Club remains resilient, functional, and enjoyable. The goals strike a balance between ecological restoration and recreational use, recognizing the creek, floodplain, and golf course as part of a single interconnected system. By improving creek conditions, strengthening riparian habitat, and adopting more sustainable management practices, this effort will reduce environmental stressors, enhance biodiversity, and create long-term benefits for both the natural environment and the community. The following goals provide a framework to guide this plan:  Create a healthier stream by restoring the channel to function more like a natural creek.  Reconnect the creek with its floodplain, where possible, to improve hydraulics and reduce flooding on the golf course during high runoff.  Restore streamside and pond vegetation to provide shade, enhance habitat, and maintain cooler water temperatures in the creek and ponds.  Improve pond health by reducing algae growth.  Reduce wildfire risks by managing and removing dead vegetation that can serve as fuel.  Use fewer chemicals on the landscape to protect water quality and support ecological health.  Explore design adjustments to better align the creek and golf course features, enhancing function and playability.  Boost biodiversity by supporting more diverse plants, fish, and wildlife along the creek and across the golf course.  Manage tree shading on course facilities to improve turf health and reduce the need for fertilizer. 2.2 Areas of Greatest Concern Several areas along Gore Creek and within the Vail Golf Club have been identified as priority concerns where ecological health and course function overlap. These issues highlight the connection between stream processes, water quality, and course infrastructure. Addressing them will be critical to protecting the creek, reducing maintenance challenges, and ensuring the golf course and creek remain resilient into the future. The following areas of greatest concern have been identified:  Erosion near the 11th Fairway, where creek-bank instability threatens both the stream health and course playability.  Flooding at the 7th Hole impacts course use during peak runoff events.  The 15th Green’s proximity to the creek creates risks for both water quality and course infrastructure.  Excessive algae growth in ponds can reduce water quality and decrease the aesthetic value of the pond.  Simplified stream channels in straightened sections limit habitat and natural flow processes. 2.3 Scope of Work The scope is guided by two key themes: (1) enhancing ecological processes and natural habitat and (2) reducing risks to infrastructure and course management. This scope of work establishes a clear framework for enhancing both the ecological health of Gore Creek and the long-term sustainability of the Vail Golf Club. The findings and preliminary designs developed through this process will serve as a foundation for future phases, including detailed design, permitting, and implementation. By addressing current challenges while planning for long-term resilience, this project aims to create lasting benefits for the creek, the golf course, and the broader Vail community. 2.3.1 Key Areas of Focus  Flooding and Hydrology: Improve floodplain connectivity and develop strategies to reduce flooding during peak runoff, particularly at the 7th Hole and 15th Green.  Stream and Bank Stability: Stabilize erosion-prone areas such as the 11th Fairway using nature-based solutions that restore more natural creek function.  Riparian and Pond Health: Restore streamside vegetation to provide shade, improve water quality, and reduce algae growth in ponds.  Vegetation and Fire Risk: Manage and reduce accumulations of dead vegetation that contribute to wildfire risk. Figure 2. Picture of Gore Creek, Ponds, and Golf Course Figure 3. Example of Bank Erosion Along the Golf Course 150 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 Page 4 DRAFT  Sustainable Management Practices: Continue to develop and enhance strategies to minimize the use of landscape chemicals while maintaining turf quality and playability.  Stream Channel Complexity: Enhance habitat and flow dynamics by introducing greater channel complexity in straightened reaches and explore opportunities to adjust alignment of creek and course features.  Biodiversity: Promote greater diversity of plants, fish, and wildlife across the creek corridor and golf course landscape. 2.3.2 Deliverables  An assessment of existing conditions, documenting stream function, floodplain connectivity, pond health, vegetation, and course interactions.  Specific recommendations to address flooding, erosion, chemical use, pond management, vegetation, and riparian restoration.  Preliminary design drawings for floodplain reconnection, bank stabilization, and restoration of more natural geomorphology for areas of greatest concern.  Strategies for reducing the impacts of landscape chemical use without compromising course quality.  Conceptual alternatives for improving channel complexity and better integrating the creek with golf course features. 2.3.3 Next Steps Moving forward, the project will transition from assessment and planning into more detailed design and ultimately implementation. Key next steps include:  Detailed Design Development: Advancing preliminary concepts into final designs with ground survey, hydraulic evaluations, and constructability considerations.  Regulatory Permitting: Coordinating with local, state, and federal agencies to secure required approvals for construction.  Stakeholder Engagement: Continuing collaboration with the Town of Vail, golf course management, community members, and resource agencies to ensure broad support and input.  Funding and Phasing Strategy: Identifying potential funding sources and developing a phased implementation plan to align restoration actions with available resources.  Monitoring and Adaptive Management: Establishing a framework to track outcomes, measure ecological improvements, and adjust management strategies over time. Together, these steps will transform the enhancement plan into tangible on-the-ground improvements, ensuring that both Gore Creek and the Vail Golf Club thrive for generations to come. 3.0 STAKEHOLDER OUTREACH Stakeholder outreach has been key to the success of this enhancement plan and has been completed via multiple venues including discussions, site walks, interviews, presentations, and ultimately an event at the Vail Golf Club with the public. Outreach included presentations and meetings with the Town of Vail Planning and Environmental Commission and Town Council. Included in Appendix 1 is a complete Community Outreach Summary memorandum that provides in-depth detail on the completed outreach. The Community Outreach Summary memorandum details how the project team sought to inform, build awareness, listen to feedback, and engage stakeholders regarding the Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan. The consultant team held regular meetings in early 2025 to refine goals and create detailed maps and exhibits showing proposed interventions. Outreach was advertised through the town website, newsletters, newspapers, and social media, with key audiences including river recreationists, season pass holders, property owners, and the general public. Events included a July 14, 2025 presentation to the Planning and Environmental Commission and a July 22, 2025 public open house at the golf club, attended by about 60 people. Additional outreach was completed via work sessions with the Planning and Environmental Commission along with presentation of the plan to the Town Council. The feedback received focused on four themes: maintaining golf playability, strong support for creek re- routing following the historical alignment, concerns about project costs, and calls for more public education and transparency on issues like pesticide use and property impacts. 4.0 PREVIOUS STUDIES At the beginning of the project, multiple previous studies were evaluated to support the development of this enhancement plan. The intent of this plan is to build upon the great work already completed in reviving Gore Creek. 4.1 303(d) List In 2012, CDPHE listed Gore Creek as impaired for aquatic life on Colorado’s 303(d) List of Impaired Waters for “macroinvertebrates (provisional).” The impairment listing was based on CDPHE’s multi-metric index (MMI), which showed that the benthic macroinvertebrate community in Gore Creek did not attain established standards for the stream type, Class 1 Cold Water Aquatic Life, under Policy 10-1. The “provisional” listing means that the cause Figure 5. Photo from Public Outreach at the Vail Golf Club Figure 4. Taking Feedback on Maps at Public Outreach 151 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 Page 5 DRAFT of the impairment is not fully known or directly associated with a specific pollutant. Potential causes of impairment may include:  Altered stream channel and floodplain connectivity, reducing natural habitat complexity.  Loss of riparian vegetation, which provides shading, habitat, and bank stability.  Fine sediment accumulation and other stressors degrade habitat for aquatic insects and fish.  Urban development impacts such as stormwater runoff that can transport pollutants such as road sand, fertilizers, pesticides and other pollutants. This listing has prompted the Town of Vail, the Eagle River Coalition (ERC), Eagle River Water and Sanitation District (ERWSD), Colorado Parks and Wildlife (CPW), and local partners to develop and implement the Gore Creek Strategic Plan - Restore the Gore initiative. Efforts focus on improving riparian vegetation, reducing stormwater impacts, reconnecting the floodplain, and restoring habitat complexity to support a healthy aquatic community. In summary, Gore Creek’s presence on the 303(d) List highlights the need for ongoing restoration, management, and community engagement to return the creek to full ecological health. 4.2 Gore Creek Strategic Action Plan – Restore the Gore In 2016, following the listing of Gore Creek on the 303(d) list, the Town of Vail developed the Gore Creek Strategic Action Plan – Restore the Gore (Lotic, 2016), which was a framework to “address current water quality impairments and aquatic health issues affecting Gore Creek and its tributaries.” To address these issues, the plan outlines a “toolbox” of strategies to ultimately remove Gore Creek from the 303(d) list. This document should be seen as the overall master plan for Gore Creek and reviewed and relied upon as projects along Gore Creek are completed. 4.3 Stream Corridor Protection Ordinance In 2022, the Town of Vail adopted new rules to help protect Gore Creek and its tributaries for future generations. These rules create a “no-mow zone” of about ten feet along the creek, where natural plants are left in place to keep streambanks strong, filter runoff, and provide wildlife habitat. Residents can still remove weeds, clear vegetation for fire safety, or build a small, permeable path to the water; otherwise, the area is kept in its natural state. The 15th Green is currently within 10 feet of the Two-Year Flood Line (TYFL), which is why it is an area of greatest concern. See Figure 6 showing 2- year flood line and 10-foot offset in green and 25- foot building setback in purple. The ordinance also requires new buildings to stay at least 25 feet back from the creek’s flood line, ensuring that development does not harm water quality or increase erosion. Existing homes and structures can remain in place, but any new construction must adhere to this setback. Together, these protections ensure Gore Creek and its tributaries remain healthy and resilient. By preserving natural vegetation near the stream and guiding new development, the community is working to improve water quality, restore habitats, and preserve the beauty of Vail’s waterways. 4.4 1.5 & 2-Year Hydrologic and Hydraulic Study In 2022 and 2023, RiverRestoration.org developed a hydrologic and hydraulic study of Gore Creek through the Town of Vail. The report evaluated 1.5-year and 2-year flood flows for Gore Creek and its tributaries in Vail to help define the Ordinary High Water Line (OHWL) and guide riparian setback regulations. Using U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) StreamStats, gage data, and mass balance methods, the study determined that 1.5-year and 2- year flow events represent frequent high-water conditions expected in roughly 67% and 50% of years, respectively. The 1.5-year and 2-year flows are typically representative of bankfull or channel forming flows anticipated to be seen every 1 to 2 years. Differences in water elevation between the two events are generally small (2–12 inches), especially in steep channels where lateral spread is less than 1 foot. The analysis confirms that the 2-year flow provides a more conservative and consistent basis for representing OHWL elevations and ensuring protection of riparian areas (RiverRestoration, 2022). The hydrologic evaluation from this study was used to support additional hydraulic modeling and design for this plan. Following the hydrologic study, a hydraulic evaluation of Gore Creek was completed. This report updates the TYFL and 100-Year Floodplain mapping for Gore Creek and its 11 tributaries within the Town of Vail using 2022 LiDAR, new survey control data, and advanced two-dimensional HEC-RAS hydraulic modeling. The analysis currently does not replace effective Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) flood maps but provides more accurate predictions of flood extents, depths, and velocities for planning purposes. Results show that previous FEMA one-dimensional models underestimated overbank flooding, whereas the new two-dimensional approach more accurately represents real conditions and produces detailed GIS shapefiles of flood zones for planning purposes. These findings strengthen the Town’s ability to manage riparian setbacks, potentially update FEMA maps, and communicate changing flood risks with improved clarity and precision (RiverRestoration, 2023). 4.5 Vail Planting Guides An outcome of the Gore Creek Strategic Plan was the development of a series of planting guides: Guide for Residents and Businesses, Guide for Landscaping Crew, and Landscape Designers Guide (Vail, 2016). These guides focus on protecting Gore Creek from the harmful effects of urbanization, runoff, fertilizers, and pesticides. Aimed at both professional landscape designers and local residents or businesses, they highlight how landscaping choices directly influence water quality, aquatic life, and the broader ecosystem. Both documents stress practical solutions such as planting native trees and shrubs, using mulch, creating swales and rain gardens, and replacing impervious surfaces with porous pavements to slow and filter runoff. These documents have been included in Appendix 2 for reference. Figure 6. 15th Green: 10 and 25-Foot Setbacks 152 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 Page 6 DRAFT Central to the documents is the Three-Zone Buffer System (Overbank, Transitional, and Upland zones within 100 feet of streams), which offers guidance on preserving native vegetation, reducing turf and pesticide use, and creating natural buffers to protect water quality. Each guide also provides detailed plant lists tailored to the Rocky Mountain climate, ensuring biodiversity, habitat value, and resilience. These plant lists include recommended native trees, shrubs, grasses, forbs, and seed mixes for different zones, helping designers, residents, and businesses select species that enhance beauty while strengthening ecological health. Together, these resources empower professionals, residents, and businesses to enhance the beauty of their landscapes while playing a vital role in preserving Gore Creek’s health and ecological integrity. 4.6 Previous Planting Efforts The Town of Vail has planted over 26,000 native trees and shrubs in riparian areas along Gore Creek since 2016. Previous planting efforts along the Vail Golf Club reach of Gore Creek have been hindered by the steep, sun-exposed banks and poor soil quality. Figure 8. Before and After of Planting Efforts at Vail Golf Club 4.7 FEMA Flood Insurance Study The FEMA Flood Insurance Study (FIS) for Gore Creek establishes the effective floodplain inundation extents and base flood elevations through the Vail Golf Club. Gore Creek through the project reach is currently mapped as a Zone AE floodplain with a floodway. Zone AE floodplains have defined cross sections with established Base Flood Elevations. The project reach’s floodplain mapping is shown on the effective Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM), map numbers 08037C0488D and 08037C0489D, both of which are based upon modeling developed in 2002 and published with an effective date of December 4, 2007. Floodplain evaluations and permitting will be required for any projects within the mapped floodplain. Figure 9. FEMA Effective Floodplain Mapping Figure 7. Three Zone Buffer Graphic from Town of Vail Planting Guide 153 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 Page 7 DRAFT 4.8 Golf Course Master Plan / History The golf course was built in 1962 and designed by Ben Krueger. During the development of the golf course, along Interstate 70 (I-70) and the frontage road, Gore Creek underwent considerable alterations. In many locations, the creek was shortened through the removal of bends and overflow channels, along with a reduction in the overall riparian and wetland corridor throughout the project reach. In 2011, Phelps-Atkinson Golf Course Design prepared the Vail Golf Club – Golf Course Master Plan (Phelps-Atkinson, 2011) for the Vail Recreation District. The master plan outlined a variety of enhancements along with cost estimates for the work, and since 2011, various projects from the master plan have been completed. As planning continues and additional projects are completed, the overall setting and proximity of the creek should be evaluated to enable Gore Creek to become a more valuable amenity for the golf course by exploring win-win solutions that balance recreation and environmental considerations. The master plan has been provided in Appendix 3 for additional information. 4.9 Frontage Road Widening As part of other nearby development projects, it is worth noting that there may be a potential need to expand the South Frontage Road near the Vail Valley Drive bridge. Currently, there are potential plans to develop a housing project near the Town of Vail Public Works building, on the north side of I-70. To further develop that area, the frontage road must be expanded by about 25 feet to accommodate turn lanes and potentially require the redesign and construction of the bridge. This expansion of the turn lanes would encroach significantly on Gore Creek in an area already significantly impacted by the frontage road. Although this project is not currently scheduled for construction, alternatives evaluating the need for additional roadway were included as part of this analysis to understand its impact on Gore Creek. Implementation of this project could allow for the opportunity to completely re-route Gore Creek through the southern ponds following its historical alignment before the golf course was developed, which caused considerable loss of stream length and reduction in habitat. Figure 11. Aerial Overview of Road Expansion (red hatch) Required for Future Development with Historical Gore Creek Alignment (cyan line) 4.10 Vail Nature Center Reach Just downstream of the Vail Golf Club reach is the Vail Nature Center reach of Gore Creek. Design of the project is underway and construction is scheduled for late summer 2026. The project shares many of the same goals and will utilize many of the strategies being proposed in this plan. Projects implemented upstream on the Golf Club reach will need to integrate with this downstream project. The project proposes to improve aquatic habitat and recreation opportunities in an area that has been “degraded by increased deposition of fine sediments and a wide, shallow, homogenous channel morphology” (Trout Unlimited, 2024). Figure 10. Example from Vail Golf Club - Golf Course Master Plan Figure 12. Proposed Restoration Measures Developed by CPW 154 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 Page 8 DRAFT 5.0 EXISTING CONDITION EVALUATIONS The following sections provide background information, site observations, historical aerial evaluation and our analysis of the hydrology, hydraulics, geomorphology, physicochemical, and biological conditions of Gore Creek through the Vail Golf Club, following the StreamMechanics’ Stream Functions Pyramid (StreamMechanics, 2012). Figure 13. StreamMechanics Stream Functions Pyramid 5.1 Site Observations During the development of this enhancement plan, our team conducted multiple site visits to evaluate the existing conditions of Gore Creek. These site visits, along with a review of the background information and development of a new analysis, provided the basis for this plan. An initial site visit was performed on November 6, 2024, however, limited evaluations of the site were conducted due to snow covering the site. Our team was able to walk the areas of greatest concern and investigate what was not covered in the snow. A second, more in-depth site visit was completed on May 2, 2025, where our team walked the entire length of Gore Creek through the golf course, along with ponds and other drainage areas. As part of this site visit, over 100 GPS points were acquired throughout the golf course, along with hundreds of photos that document the condition of the creek, as well as golf course infrastructure, including ponds, ditches, and vegetation. During this site visit, drone aerial photos were also taken of Gore Creek and the golf course. Included in Attachment E is an Existing Conditions Photo map of pertinent areas, along with drone aerial images of the entire corridor in Appendix 4. These photos provide a great reference for the current condition of the creek. Furthermore, Attachment A includes a map that provides a succinct evaluation of existing conditions and opportunities derived from our site observations. Additional site visits were conducted as this plan progressed to further evaluate the creek during different times of the year, such as during times of low flows. 5.2 Historical Aerial Evaluation A historical aerial evaluation was conducted for Gore Creek, extending through the golf course, utilizing maps from 1955, 1962, 1969, and 2022. The aerials evaluated from 1955 to 1962 provide insight into the area prior to the construction of I-70 and the golf course. The historical aerial evaluation is a critical component of this enhancement plan because it provides a long-term record of Gore Creek, its riparian areas, and floodplains that have changed over time. By reviewing aerial imagery from past decades, we were able to understand the impacts of the construction of I-70, the frontage road, and the golf course. Prior to the construction of I-70, the frontage road and the golf course, Gore Creek had a highly diverse and expansive wetland and riparian corridor. The creek also had considerably more sinuosity and multiple overflow channels, which signify a healthy creek with considerable variety and ecological health. From review of these aerials, it was determined that the creek was altered along the interstate corridor from both the construction of the interstate and frontage road, along with the golf course in the downstream reaches. Assessments of the 1955 and 2022 aerial imagery indicate that the creek through the Vail Golf Club reach was shortened from approximately 13,000 feet to 11,500 feet, resulting in a reduction in length of about 1,500 feet. The impacts of construction included the removal of many overflow channels that would become wet during large flow events such as spring runoff and frequent floods. From the aerial review, it was evident that the creek used to flow through the existing ponds near Vail Valley Drive, and that realignment by itself constituted a reduction of about 600 feet in overall creek length. It should be noted that historical aerials prior to the construction of the original Highway 6 do not exist and likely would have additional impacts. The earliest aerial evaluation is provided on the following page, and a compilation of all the historical aerial evaluations are provided as Attachment D. Figure 14. Drone Aerial Looking Upstream on Gore Creek 155 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 Page 9 DRAFT 5.3 Hydrology Understanding the current and future hydrology of Gore Creek is crucial for developing enhancement opportunities for the creek. An in-depth review of hydrology was conducted by WWE, the resulting Hydrology Memorandum is provided in Appendix 5, with a summary included herein. The goal of this evaluation is to understand both high- flow and low-flow conditions, enabling restoration designs to create a creek channel that resists erosion, supports aquatic habitats, and maintains hydraulic stability across a wide range of hydrologic scenarios and throughout the year. The study area begins downstream of Booth Creek and extends west toward Mill Creek with drainage areas ranging from 55 to nearly 59 square miles. By defining how Gore Creek responds to storm events and seasonal runoff, the analysis provides a foundation for developing a resilient and ecologically balanced stream corridor through the golf course. The hydrologic analysis reviewed multiple data sources, including FEMA’s 2007 FIS (FEMA, 2007a), RiverRestoration’s 2022 evaluation of 1.5-year and 2-year flows (RiverRestoration, 2022). In addition to reviewing available data, WWE developed data for comparison utilizing USGS StreamStats regression tools (USGS, 2025) and historic gaging records on Gore Creek. WWE developed peak flow estimates utilizing a Bulletin #17B statistical analysis and low flow estimates utilizing a duration analysis. Figure 16. USGS Stream Gage Locations Findings show that flows vary widely depending on the method utilized, with FEMA values generally higher than StreamStats predictions for the 100-year flows, and USGS Bulletin #17B statistical analysis 2-year flows aligning closely with RiverRestoration’s previous hydrologic evaluation and hydraulic modeling. Table 1 provides flows on Gore Creek in the project area under typical recurrence intervals from USGS StreamStats, the FEMA FIS, and the RiverRestoration study at the Vail Golf Club. Table 1. Design Storm Hydrology at Golf Club for Various Recurrence Intervals Annual Exceedance Probability (Return Event) StreamStats FIS River Restoration USGS Stream Gage Flow Rate (cfs) 90% (1.1-Year) - - - 527 67% (1.5-Year) - - 577 - 50% (2-Year) 479 - 823 881 20% (5-Year) 662 - - 1,232 10% (10-Year) 782 1,420 - 1,477 4% (25-Year) 906 - - 1,724 2% (50-Year) 1,070 1,780 - 2,069 1% (100-Year) 1,180 1,930 - 2,349 0.50% (200-Year) 1,270 - - 2,651 0.20% (500-Year) 1,460 2,130 - 3,092 Figure 15. Gore Creek Drainage Area Extents 156 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 Page 10 DRAFT Stream gage records confirm that Gore Creek is strongly influenced by snowmelt, with peak discharges typically occurring in May and June, and the lowest flows in mid-winter. This seasonal pattern highlights the importance of considering snowmelt processes when designing creek improvements. An additional evaluation utilizing HEC-SSP duration analysis was performed to understand the low-flow of the channel to inform future design. Understanding the low-flow of a channel is important to inform fish passage capacity, and future hydraulic modeling can inform other aspects of channel design, for example, to ensure the existing diversion structure elevation is sufficient to continue to divert water. Table 2 utilizes USGS StreamStats and stream gages, with flows adapted to the drainage area of the project area to understand typical flows during the year. Table 2. Average Monthly Flow Rates at Vail Golf Club Monthly Flow Statistics StreamStats USGS Stream Gage No. 09066325 Flow Rate (cfs) January 11 13 February 10 13 March 12 17 April 29 47 May 147 237 June 241 436 July 88 132 August 37 36 September 24 23 October 21 21 November 16 16 December 12 14 Ultimately, the 1.5-year and 2-year flows from the RiverRestoration study should be used to size bankfull channel conditions along with the FEMA 100-year flows for floodplain modeling. Previous analyses do not inform the low-flow evaluation, but an understanding of the low-flow channel is essential to design. WWE utilized a 95% exceedance during a duration evaluation to determine the ideal baseflow. Table 3. Typical Channel Parameters Channel Section Typical Channel Design Flow Rates (cfs) Baseflow 10 Bankfull Flow 823 100-Yr Flow Rate 1,840 Broader concerns include climate change, which could alter the timing and intensity of runoff, as well as risks from potential post-fire flooding and mudflows in the watershed. By consolidating existing hydrologic studies and developing additional hydrology, the Hydrology Memorandum establishes a technical foundation for this enhancement plan and future designs, guiding creek restoration, flood management, and ecological enhancement along this critical reach of Gore Creek. 157 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 Page 11 DRAFT Figure 17. Historical Aerial Evaluation 158 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 Page 12 DRAFT 5.3.1 Hydrologic Trends In addition to understanding hydrology from various data sources, it is also necessary to identify potential trends in hydrology. Climate change could threaten Gore Creek through reduced late-summer flows, increased extremes of flooding and drought, higher wildfire risks, and declining water quality. These stresses make it harder to maintain a healthy coldwater ecosystem and resilient watershed. Gore Creek is likely to experience changes and significant variability in hydrology. This can include extreme drought conditions, which can lead to low flows and minimal depths causing a reduction in water quality. On the other end of the spectrum, more frequent heavy rainfall events can lead to extreme flooding, causing erosion and channel instability. Climate change not only affects the amount of water in the river but also the timing of flow events, which can significantly affect native plants and animals, as well as infrastructure protection. As the climate changes, ambient air temperatures are rising, resulting in longer, hotter summers that increase stream temperatures, stress aquatic organisms, reduce dissolved oxygen, and reduce fish spawning success. Furthermore, climate change is causing a reduction in snowpack, along with earlier and faster melting, which results in less cold water flowing in late summer when aquatic ecosystems need it the most. The change in climate conditions can also increase the risk of wildfires due to warmer and drier summers. This increased risk translates to a higher likelihood of post-fire mud and debris flows, coupled with more frequent and intense rainfall. Sediment and ash carried by post-fire debris flows can cause extreme degradation to water quality in Gore Creek and its tributaries. It is also essential to recognize that the loss of riparian and wetland areas surrounding Gore Creek will exacerbate the impacts of climate change. 5.4 Water Rights and Diversions The hydrology, hydraulics and geomorphology of Gore Creek are affected by a large diversion structure near Hole 14. The diversion is constructed from a series of grouted stacked boulders that act as weir to check water up to the headgate. This diversion not only physically removes water from Gore Creek, lowering flows, but also impacts the ecosystem's ability to function naturally by reducing the passage of aquatic organisms, affecting sediment transport, causing bank erosion, and requiring maintenance within the active channel. The diversion has a very rudimentary trash rack to keep leaves and other floatables from entering the ponds but does not include a fish screen. The diversion directs water through the upper golf course ponds, which is ultimately used as irrigation water via the ponds. However, the utilization of water for irrigation and its subsequent use raises concerns. As the water is applied for irrigation, not all of it will be utilized by the turf grass but rather evaporated or converted to runoff entering Gore Creek. This runoff carries fertilizers and other nutrients used to enhance the golf course’s grass, which can be detrimental to the creek's water quality. Furthermore, water diverted through the ponds will return to Gore Creek at a higher temperature due to the shallow depth and lack of shade of the ponds, causing water temperatures to increase. Also, due to the lack of shade some of the water entering the pond will evaporate, furthering losses in the system. It should be noted that the lower ponds are filled through a drainage ditch that captures runoff before it enters Gore Creek, which doesn’t require diversion of water directly from Gore Creek. However, it does affect inflows into the creek, increasing water temperature and pollutant concentrations from urban runoff and fertilizer. It is our understanding from discussions with golf club staff that there is an agreement to reduce watering of the golf course from the range, rough, fairways, approaches, and greens (sequentially) as flows in Gore Creek decrease. It is also our understanding that the diversion has a limited ability to divert water during lower flows. While fish entrainment from the creek to the ponds through the diversion structure is not concerning, the ability of fish to move from the ponds back to the creek may need to be addressed. 5.4.1 Water Rights All diversions, ditches, and ponds used to convey water for beneficial use are maintained by the golf course. ERWSD performs water right accounting for the golf course, which was utilized to support the development of the text in this section. Water is provided to the golf course via the Vail Golf Course Ditch near the larger diversion structure by Hole 17. Water from the Vail Golf Course Ditch can be delivered to Golf Course Reservoir No. 2 (WDID 3703595; uppermost ponds) and Golf Course Reservoir No. 1 (WDID 3703594; lower ponds near Vail Valley Drive). The Vail Golf Course Ditch does not have a water right, but it is an alternate point of diversion for water rights, as decreed in Case No. 79CW124, and is permitted to divert three cubic feet per second (cfs). The ponds were decreed in Case Nos. W3606 and W3607 for irrigation, domestic, municipal, and industrial uses. The upper pond, Golf Course Reservoir No. 2, was decreed for 25 acre-feet, which is absolute for irrigation purposes pursuant to Case No. 81CW282. Similarly, the lower pond, Golf Course Reservoir No. 1, was decreed Figure 18. Photo of Drop Structures for Diversion Figure 19. Photo of Erosion Near Diversion Figure 20. Photo of Headgate and Trash Rack 159 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 Page 13 DRAFT for 5.5 acre-feet, which is absolute for irrigation purposes pursuant to Case No. 81CW282. Currently, the golf course does not use the lower ponds for irrigation. 5.5 Hydraulics Hydraulics is the study of how water moves through a riverine corridor, specifically how fast it flows, how deep it becomes, and how it spreads onto the surrounding land. Understanding this movement is like knowing the heartbeat of the river. Evaluating the hydraulics associated with Gore Creek is crucial in developing restoration techniques that support the ecological health of the river, while also complementing the golf course and its infrastructure. Without a hydraulic understanding, restoration designs risk failure—either by eroding banks where not desirable, failing to reconnect floodplains in the appropriate places, or limiting improvements to habitat. Existing hydraulic models provided by FEMA and RiverRestoration were utilized to understand the hydraulics associated with the 100-year and 2-year events. The FEMA Effective HEC-RAS Model is a straight, non- georeferenced, one-dimensional model, whereas the RiverRestoration model is two-dimensional and therefore more detailed. The FEMA one-dimensional model would need to be used as part of any floodplain development permits for proposed work; however, the two-dimensional model provides a better platform for evaluating velocities, depths, and shear stresses (a measure of a stream’s ability to move substrate), which inform channel design, rock sizing, geomorphic approaches and floodplain connectivity elements. As part of this analysis, the RiverRestoration two-dimensional HEC-RAS model was used to understand velocity, depth, and shear stress for the 2-year and 100-year events. The following pages provide a figure comparing the one-dimensional FEMA Effective 100-year floodplain to the two-dimensional modeled floodplain to understand differences followed by a figure depicting the 100-year shear stress developed from the two-dimensional mapping. All hydraulic evaluation maps have been compiled and are provided as Attachment F. Gore Creek continues to face several interrelated deficiencies that limit its ecological health and resilience due to unnatural or inadequate hydraulics. Due to how the course was constructed in the 1960s and 1970s there are major hydraulic impacts on the creek through the golf course. As discussed previously, due to the development of the golf course, frontage road, and I-70, much of the creek that runs through the golf course has been altered significantly. Overall, the creek has been shortened, and its overflow channels and floodplains have been disconnected, resulting in increased areas of velocity and shear stress and reduction in floodplain connectivity and bedform diversity. Increased velocity and shear stress can in turn increase erosion and lead to channel incision, or downcutting. The increase in velocity also affects bedform and channel diversity. A channel with limited bedform diversity lacks riffles and pools, which are important to aquatic life and to stream stability. These channels also typically contain overly wide sections with limited depth. This is especially true through the extremely straight reach of Gore Creek near Holes 8, 9, and 10. To compensate for this reduction in slope, several drop structures (grade control structures) were built during the original course construction, which negatively impact hydraulics and aquatic connectivity. Many of these drop structures have failed due to the fact they were potentially designed incorrectly or installed unsuccessfully. Without the ability for the creek to adjust its planform (alignment), the problem is compounded. As seen in the hydraulic maps, the 2-year event is mainly contained within the channel banks, with the only area where water actually spreads across the landscape being towards the end of the project reach, where the floodplain is better connected to the creek. Additionally, the creek is impacted by various infrastructure, including parallel and crossing utilities and bridges over the creek, which negatively affect the system's hydraulics. All of these impacts on the hydraulic system ultimately affect the geomorphology of Gore Creek. 5.6 Geomorphology Geomorphology is the study of how rivers form, change, and interact with their surrounding landscapes. It focuses on the natural processes that shape river channels and floodplains over time, including bank erosion, sediment transport, gravel or sand deposition, and changes in flow patterns. The geomorphology of Gore Creek is directly affected by the golf course and other infrastructure surrounding the creek. Typically, a channel would naturally evolve in response to changes in flows over time. However, current infrastructure prevents Gore Creek from naturally adjusting its planform. Because Gore Creek is disconnected from the floodplain in the project reach, the profile and the cross section of the stream evolve unnaturally, producing unwanted outcomes, and limiting the creek's ability to function in a healthy and resilient manner. Based on geomorphic characteristics and adjacent land use impacts, Gore Creek within the Vail Golf Club has been divided into three distinct reaches. Each reach exhibits varying degrees of alteration and geomorphic function. Included as Attachment G is a figure showing the overall plan and profile of Gore Creek, with reach distinctions and other key features. Figure 22. Reach Breaks Map Figure 21. Representative Photo of Straightened Reach with Limited Diversity 160 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 Page 14 DRAFT Figure 23. Comparison of FEMA Effective Floodplain to Two-Dimensional Modeled 100-Year Event 161 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 Page 15 DRAFT Figure 24. 100-Year Shear Stress Hydraulic Evaluation 162 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 Page 16 DRAFT Reach 1 – Downstream Segment: This reach has experienced the most significant modification due to adjacent development. Historically, Gore Creek meandered through what is now a series of ponds, with significant floodplain connections and overflow channels through healthy, vibrant riparian and wetland corridors. The construction of Vail Valley Drive and the golf course led to the realignment of the creek along its northern boundary, resulting in a straightened, highly altered channel. This upper portion of the reach is incised, with limited floodplain connectivity, and composed of very steep banks on the north side of the creek without ample riparian or overstory cover. The upper portion of the reach has greater inner-channel sinuosity due to the formation of point bars from material transported downstream. Furthermore, multiple grade control and bank stabilization structures have been installed, which have also altered the creek’s natural geomorphic function to compensate for the reduction in length and resulting excessive velocities. This has increased incision and caused excessive transport of sediment downstream to more natural reaches, where it aggrades, causing over-widening of the creek. While some boulders associated with these man-made structures have been displaced or flanked, no major signs of instability were observed. This section is also impacted by the Vail Valley Drive Bridge, further reducing floodplain connection and causing exacerbated scour, Reach 2 – Mid-Reach Segment: This reach has also been realigned from its historical path and is very constricted. Prior to the development of the golf course, this reach of the creek had an expansive floodplain, greater sinuosity, and a robust riparian corridor. The presence of golf course infrastructure, including paths, ponds, and Hole 11, restricts the creek’s ability to meander and connect with its historical floodplain. The grade control structure associated with the diversion, as well as two golf cart bridges, further constrain the creek’s natural function. Without any floodplain connection through this reach, compounded with high velocities and scour due to the substantial drop, bank erosion is evident on both sides of the creek, affecting the surrounding infrastructure, causing steep banks with limited hydraulic connection to the creek, resulting in a reduction in vegetation, habitat, and overstory. Reach 3 – Upstream Segment: This reach is the least disturbed of the three segments. Apart from localized realignment near the three golf cart bridges, the creek generally follows its historical alignment. This reach features minimal man-made in-stream structures. Some eroding is evident near the infrastructure due to localized increases in velocity and scour, but the erosion is not of great concern except where a cart path bridge crosses near Hole 12 and a buried sanitary sewer line has become exposed due to increased scour. Natural features such as beaver dams contribute to channel complexity and support higher geomorphic function compared to the downstream reaches. 5.6.1 The Gore Creek Valley The Gore Creek valley was shaped primarily by glacial processes, with landslide deposits influencing the valley margins. Prior to human development, including the construction of I-70, the golf course, and adjacent roadways, the creek’s alignment was naturally defined by these geologic features. In contrast, the fill associated with I-70 and the golf course has further confined the Gore Creek valley artificially through the Vail Golf Club. The current valley extents have been evaluated through the review of geologic mapping and an analysis of the existing topography. 5.6.1.1 Geologic Mapping USGS geologic mapping from 1977 and 2003 (USGS, 1977; USGS, 2003) suggests that Gore Creek, before the development of I-70 and the golf course, consisted of a wide natural geologic floodplain. As stated in the supporting text of the 2003 mapping, the natural features, often apparent in glacial till, such as closed depressions and small ponds, have been altered due to development. The development of I-70 has reduced the floodplain extents to the north, and the golf course and residential development to the south have further constrained the floodplain area available to Gore Creek. Geological mapping of Gore Creek through the golf course has been provided as Attachment H. 5.6.1.2 Existing Topography To assess current valley constraints, a Relative Elevation Model (REM) was developed using guidance from the Colorado Water Conservation Board (CWCB) and provided on the following page and as Attachment I. The REM illustrates terrain elevation relative to the creek bed and highlights how development has confined Gore Creek to a narrow corridor. Key findings from the REM analysis include: The golf course occupies much of the valley floor, limiting the creek’s ability to meander and adjust to watershed changes. Remnants of the historical creek alignment are still visible in low-lying areas throughout Reach 1, such as near the Hole 10 tee and throughout the pond system. The creek has good floodplain connectivity at the downstream limit of the study area near the 7th Hole (periodic flooding has historically impacted the playability of 7th Hole during high flow events). Figure 28. Photo of Reach 3 Figure 27. Photo of Reach 2 Figure 25. Expansive Riparian Area Along Previous Creek Alignment erosion, and downcutting due to increased velocities, as evidenced by a Figure 26. Photo of Reach 1 buried utility that has become exposed. 163 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 Page 17 DRAFT  Reach 2 is confined with relatively high adjacent grades on either side of the creek. A high point along the left bank separates the creek from the adjacent ponds through this reach.  Natural areas south of Holes 15 and 16 feature low-lying areas that provide Reach 3 with a relatively well-connected floodplain compared to other portions of the reach. 5.6.2 Existing Creek Characteristics The existing planform (alignment), profile (slope), dimension (cross-section), and bed material were evaluated to further outline the geomorphic context of Gore Creek. 5.6.2.1 Planform As previously discussed, the construction of I-70 and the golf course has severely impacted the natural planform of Gore Creek. Historical aerial imagery from 1955, 1962, and 1969 was reviewed to map the progression of the Gore Creek alignment over time. The 1955 and 1962 aerials reflect a Gore Creek valley that is largely unaffected by human development. Natural variability in creek alignment is visible between the two images, indicative of a meandering system. The golf course and I-70 were constructed between 1962 and 1969, and the latter aerial reflects the significant impacts of the development. Much of Gore Creek was converted from a meandering system to a straightened channel with minimal natural variability. It is estimated that the realignment (which encompasses the project reach) reduced the total creek length by more than ten percent. 5.6.2.2 Profile It is likely that the straightening of Gore Creek has not only reduced the total creek length but also steepened its gradient. Generally, an artificially steepened creek will tend towards erosion and incision. The man-made grade control structures along the straightened Reach 1 and Reach 2 were likely installed to reduce the gradient between the structures and mitigate the heightened risk of erosion associated with the realignment. Similarly, the majority of the observed bank stabilization measures have been installed along Reach 1 and Reach 2 to artificially protect against erosion using large boulders and log revetments. In addition to increasing the gradient of Gore Creek, the straightening has likely reduced its bedform diversity. Where Gore Creek maintains a naturally meandering planform, it features a riffle-pool sequence, whereas the straight reach features a predominantly plane bed with localized scour pools downstream of the man-made grade control structures. While the slope only varies slightly from reach to reach, the average slope of Gore Creek through the golf course is approximately 0.8%. Reach 1 has an approximate slope of 0.87% and Reach 2 has an approximate slope of 0.85%. While Reach 3 has an overall slope of about 0.77%, the uppermost section of that reach has a slope as great at 1.58% through an area of multiple grade control structures. Again, while the overall slope of each reach is relatively the same this slope is balanced by artificial structures within the creek and along its banks taking large vertical drops that would typically be spread throughout a longer reach. The man-made grade control structures, especially in Reach 2 and Reach 3, manipulate the slope in these reaches, although the observed existing failures of some of these structures (such as dislodged boulders) could increase the slope and risk of erosion and incision. These grade- control structures help balance disruptive hydraulics that could cause erosion, scour, and incision, but remove the creek's ability to function naturally and develop more riffles and pools. The slope through Reach 2 is significantly influenced by the roughly 5-foot grade-control structure associated with the diversion, which has also disrupted the natural riffle-pool bedform pattern, producing a step-pool configuration not natural to this area of Gore Creek. The slope of Reach 3 is also highly manipulated by approximately six grade control structures. 5.6.3 Dimension There is relatively little variability in the section dimension (width and depth) of Gore Creek through the golf course. Reaches 1 and 2, downstream of the diversion, are more confined than Reach 3 upstream. Aside from small, intermittent point bars, low flows within Gore Creek extend from bank to bank in the lower reaches. The confined reaches correlate with those that were found to have the greatest impacts from adjacent development, as described in a previous section. The most downstream portion of Reach 1 does provide some floodplain connectivity along the left bank where high flows can flood the golf course. Conversely, larger point bars have formed upstream of Reach 3, where the bankfull width is variable but generally less confined than in the downstream reaches. Unconfined reaches, such as those observed in Reach 3, typically have a greater width- to-depth ratio, which improves the stability and natural geomorphic and ecological variability of the creek and adjacent wetland and riparian areas. Figure 29. Example of Artificial Riprap Bank Protection Figure 30. Example of Bank Erosion Caused by Grade Control Structures Figure 31. Point Bar Formation and Channel Complexity Along Reach 3 164 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 Page 18 DRAFT 5.6.4 Figure 32. Relative Elevation Model Mapping 165 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 Page 19 DRAFT Bed Material As observed in the Town of Vail upstream and downstream of the project reach, Gore Creek through the Vail Golf Club is a cobble-bed system with median rock diameters of about 4 inches. The bed material is relatively homogeneous throughout the golf course, except for the large boulders from which the man-made bank stabilization and grade control structures are made. WWE completed a Wolman pebble count analysis for a recent project upstream of the golf course to characterize the size of material on the streambed. The 16th percentile grain size (D16) is 1.7 inches; the median grain size (D50) is 4.2 inches; and the 84th percentile grain size (D84) is 9.1 inches. Qualitatively, the D16, D50, and D84 are described as very coarse gravel, large cobbles, and small boulders, respectively. Because of practical limitations in measuring large boulders, grain-size estimates may be artificially low. 5.6.4.1 Shear Stress Analysis An evaluation was performed using the RiverRestoration two-dimensional HEC-RAS model to assess the erosion potential of various rock sizes throughout the project reach. The 2-year shear stresses of Gore Creek through the golf course range from 0.5 pound per square foot (lb/ft2) to 2 lb/ft2, with localized hot spots at the grade control structures up to 10 lb/ft2. The 100-year shear stresses of Gore Creek through the golf course range from 2 lb/ft2 to 3 lb/ft2, with localized hot spots at the grade control structures up to 15 lb/ft2. The Shields Equation (Julien, 1995) utilizes shear stress to calculate the force required to move sediment (or rock) of a given diameter. The equation uses the Shields parameter (0.045), the specific weight of the particle material (165 lb/ft3) , the specific weight of water, and the particle diameter to calculate the critical shear stress required to initiate particle motion (incipient motion). This helps to understand why some of the grade control structures failed and supports the fact this is a ‘transport’ reach of Gore Creek in which sediment is moved downstream below the golf course where it aggrades. Furthermore, due to the larger diversion structure the sediment continuity between upstream and downstream is lost and therefore, flows below the diversion structure are ‘sediment hungry’ and further causing incision and bank erosion. WWE developed critical shear stress for various standard rock sizes to support future design efforts. The calculated critical shear stress for each rock size can be seen in the following table. Table 4. Incipient Motion Calculations Material Size Size Range (ft) Critical Shear Stress (lb/ft2) Max Min Max Min 72-inch 6.0 5.0 27.7 23.1 48-inch 4.0 3.0 18.5 13.9 36-inch 3.0 2.0 13.9 9.2 24-inch 2.0 1.5 9.2 6.9 18-inch 1.5 1.0 6.9 4.6 12-inch 1.0 0.5 4.6 2.3 5.7 Physiochemical The physicochemical factors of a river include temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, and nutrients to describe water quality. Gore Creek is a coldwater stream, with temperatures that approach 0°C (32°F) in the winter. Available temperature data indicate that Gore Creek meets the temperature criteria established by CDPHE, indicating that the current temperature regime can support healthy coldwater fish and macroinvertebrate populations. Dissolved oxygen data were not available for the project reach. Still, the presence of sensitive coldwater fishes such as brook trout and sensitive macroinvertebrates such as stoneflies suggest that dissolved oxygen levels are adequate. Although current temperatures and dissolved oxygen levels can support robust fish and macroinvertebrate populations, climate change may increase stream temperatures. This would likely decrease dissolved oxygen concentrations in Gore Creek, because warmer water holds less oxygen. These changes can harm aquatic life; however, a healthy riparian plant community can provide shade and regulate stream temperatures (among numerous other benefits) in streams such as Gore Creek. Multiple studies have shown that a stream with a well- connected floodplain is more resistant to temperature increases. Therefore, restoration of the riparian plant community and the floodplain in the project reach would provide a buffer against climate change. Nonpoint source pollution from the surrounding lands and developed areas can include nutrients, pesticides, and other harmful compounds that enter the stream from roads. These pollutants have affected Gore Creek in the past and continue to do so, but efforts stemming from the Restore the Gore initiative have resulted in improved water quality in Gore Creek. 5.8 Biology 5.8.1 Vegetation The riparian and floodplain corridor along Gore Creek at the Vail Golf Club supports a mosaic of vegetation types that vary in structure, quality, and ecological function. While portions of the corridor retain strong native community composition, much of the system reflects disturbance from hydrologic modifications, recreation, and management practices associated with the golf course. The following summarizes the primary vegetation communities observed within the project reach and golf course:  Willow Shrublands: Dense stands of native willows are present along several streambank segments, particularly in areas with shallow groundwater tables and natural benching. These thickets provide critical shading for Gore Creek, stabilize eroding banks, and support bird nesting and cover. However, several willow stands exhibit age- class imbalance, with limited evidence of young recruitment. This condition leaves them vulnerable to future decline if active regeneration strategies are not pursued. Figure 33. Willow Shrublands 166 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 Page 20 DRAFT  Emergent Wetland Vegetation: Low-lying areas adjacent to Gore Creek and golf course ponds support emergent species including sedges and rushes. These wetlands provide valuable nutrient filtration and habitat for amphibians. However, some areas show signs of encroachment by invasive reed canary grass, which can outcompete native sedge/rush assemblages and reduce habitat diversity.  Cottonwood Forest: Limited pockets of mature narrowleaf cottonwood occur intermittently. These large trees provide structural diversity and habitat for cavity-nesting birds and other wildlife. Many individuals are in mid- to late-successional stages, with few saplings observed. Invasive understory vegetation has further reduced opportunities for natural regeneration. Without intervention, cottonwood canopy cover may gradually diminish, affecting both habitat structure and shading.  Conifer Forest: A significant number of spruce, primarily blue spruce with bristlecone pine, occur within upland transition zones and along select riparian margins. Additionally, Douglas fir, lodgepole pine, Engleman spruce, and white fir are present within the planning area. Blue spruce is dominant throughout, with a significant number of planted individuals occurring along the periphery of Gore Creek. These conifers contribute to scenic character, microclimate shading, and limited wildlife use. Most spruce are mature to overmature, with limited regeneration observed. Crown thinning, needle discoloration, and minor dieback in upper branches indicate stress, likely linked to soil compaction, altered hydrology, and competition with adjacent vegetation  Upland / Disturbed Grasslands: Beyond the immediate riparian corridor, large areas transition quickly into managed turf associated with the golf course. In some disturbed floodplain pockets, non-native upland grasses dominate, including Kentucky bluegrass and smooth brome. These areas provide minimal habitat function and contribute little to riparian resiliency. Expansion of turf into riparian benches also reduces the effective width of functional stream buffers.  Noxious Weeds and Invasive Species: Despite existing efforts, scattered infestations of noxious weeds, including Canada thistle and yellow toadflax, are present in disturbed margins. These species compete with native vegetation, limit biodiversity, and increase long-term maintenance needs. Without coordinated control, invasive populations are likely to expand, further reducing ecological integrity. 5.8.2 Fishery The cold water in Gore Creek supports several fish species, many of which are sought after by anglers. While angling typically does not occur in the project area when the course is open due to the proximity of active golfers, fishery improvements to Gore Creek within the Vail Golf Club will provide benefits to upstream and downstream reaches. Fish surveys by CPW show that brook trout, rainbow trout, and brown trout are common in this reach. Cutthroat trout (Colorado’s only native trout) and white sucker (an undesirable fish) were also caught in small numbers. White Sucker are undesirable because they hybridize with rare native suckers that inhabit the Colorado River Drainage and threaten their persistence. The proportion of large/quality trout (fish greater than 8 to 13 inches in length, depending on species) was low in all surveys. Only brown trout were large enough to be considered quality fish (9 to 11 inches in length), and the percentage of large/quality individuals ranged from 0 to 13 percent in the four surveys. Between 40% and 65% of the fish caught during each survey were sculpin. Sculpins are a native species that is unique to Colorado; however, this species prefers riffles and fast- water habitat to pools, and the high proportion of sculpin (i.e., compared to trout) is probably due to lack of pool habitat in the study area. 5.8.3 Macroinvertebrate Data Macroinvertebrates are important to streams because they perform essential functions such as breaking down leaves deposited in the stream and providing high-quality food for fish. The status of the Gore Creek macroinvertebrate populations in the vicinity of the Vail Golf Club was evaluated using data and graphs provided by Timberline Aquatics, Inc. (Timberline, 2023). In 2023, sites on either side of the project reach supported macroinvertebrate communities comprised of mayflies, stoneflies, beetles, caddisflies, true flies, water mites, flatworms, and aquatic segmented worms. True flies and caddisflies were the most common groups collected. Stoneflies and mayflies, which can be more sensitive to disturbance and pollution, were also present. Timberline also included MMI scores, which are a measure of macroinvertebrate community health developed by CDPHE. Scores were summarized from data collected between 2009 and 2023. The MMI scores at the Gore Creek sites show that the macroinvertebrate community health improved between 2009 and 2023, with values between 2017 and 2023 being higher than in previous years. The location of these sites in the vicinity of the Town of Vail and adjacent to I-70 suggests that lower MMI scores may be due to non-point source pollution Figure 37. Fish of Gore Creek Figure 34. Typical Emergent Wetland Vegetation Figure 38. Representative Photo of a Mayfly Figure 35. Conifer Forest Along Vail Golf Club Figure 36. Examples of Noxious Weeds and Invasive Species 167 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 Page 21 DRAFT associated with road and turf management. In addition to its impacts on water quality, stream channelization throughout the project reach may affect the macroinvertebrate community, as discussed in previous sections. However, the improvement in scores over time suggests that efforts associated with the Restore the Gore initiative are having a beneficial effect. 5.8.4 Channelization Effects on Aquatic Species The small sizes of trout and the high relative abundance of sculpin (see Section 5.8.2) suggest a stream morphology dominated by shallow, fast-water habitats, such as riffles and runs. The monotonous nature of the instream habitat is evident in aerial photography and was confirmed during a site visit on November 6, 2024. Even though snow was present on the ground, the stream was still visible and relatively free of surface ice and shelf ice. The stream was visited at several locations within the project reach. The substrate primarily consisted of cobble and gravel, with low proportions of sand and/or silt. However, the habitat lacks diversity throughout the channelized reach, and the streambed lacks the pool-riffle morphology that would have been present before Gore Creek was straightened (i.e., Montgomery and Buffington 1997). Further, the stream is disconnected from its floodplain throughout most of the project reach, and the diversion structure that services the irrigation ponds near the upstream end of the golf course is either a full or partial barrier to upstream trout movement and a full barrier to upstream movement of sculpin. Channelization results in substantial habitat loss for aquatic species, as well as potential geomorphological instability (Thorne, Hey, and Newson, eds., 1997; Chapman and Knudsen, 1980). The response of the fish community to channelization is usually negative. For example, emergency channelization in coldwater Colorado streams (in response to catastrophic flood damage) has immediate effects on fish density that are far more detrimental than the floods, with some channelized sites supporting no fish (Richer et al. 2015). Changes to aquatic habitat in channelized streams include loss of critical features for salmonids, such as pools, with no evidence of stream adjustment towards better habitat over decadal time scales (Lennox and Rasmussen 2016). Therefore, active restoration is necessary in channelized stream reaches to enhance aquatic habitats. 5.8.5 Channelization and Effects on Macroinvertebrates Channelization has resulted in a homogeneous habitat consisting mostly of fast-water types, such as riffles and runs, with a cobble-and-gravel substrate. While many macroinvertebrates prefer riffle habitat and these substrate sizes, the lack of habitat and substrate diversity would also be expected to limit macroinvertebrate community diversity. Additionally, the stream in these reaches is disconnected from the floodplain, and riparian vegetation is sparse in some areas. The riparian corridor width is also limited by the adjacent golf course and roads. Gwiazda et al. (2023) noted that the uniform widths and depths created by channelization resulted in reduced density and diversity of macroinvertebrate taxa, while modifications to the streambanks resulted in changes in functional feeding group distributions. Kennedy and Turner (2011) also observed a nearly 50 percent reduction in macroinvertebrate densities in channelized reaches compared to more natural reaches. The authors attributed this reduction in macroinvertebrate diversity to the lack of connection between the stream and floodplain in channelized reaches. Furthermore, the absence of pool or backwater habitats in the channelized reaches results in a lack of flow refugia for macroinvertebrates during flooding or runoff. Because some groups lack specialized adaptations to remain in place during floods, the lack of refugia could result in significant displacement of these groups during floods. Riparian vegetation reduces bank erosion, provides important materials for the stream food web (such as leaf litter and terrestrial insects), and captures sediment, nutrients, and other pollutants that would otherwise enter Gore Creek during flooding or runoff (Wentzel and Hull, 2021; Ahmednur et al., 2024). Ahmednur et al. (2024) compared macroinvertebrate metrics between channelized and un-channelized reaches, noting decreases in multiple macroinvertebrate community metrics, including the number of scraper and predator taxa. The MMI metrics describing the abundance of scrapers and the number of predator taxa were lower at the Ford Park site compared to the East Vail site (see Section 5.8.3). While altered water quality is another potential cause of this difference, differences between the macroinvertebrate communities may also be attributable to channelization. For example, the number of shredder taxa were lower at the Ford Park site than at the East Vail site; this difference could be related to the reduced input and retention of leaves and detritus upon which shredders feed. 5.8.6 Wildlife The Gore Creek corridor through the Vail Golf Club provides critical habitat for a diverse array of wildlife species. Riparian vegetation provides nesting, foraging, and cover, while the creek serves as a movement corridor for both terrestrial and aquatic organisms. Songbirds, small mammals, and amphibians are frequent within riparian thickets and wetland zones. Mature cottonwoods and willows provide nesting cavities and cover, while emergent wetlands provide breeding habitat for amphibians and support insect populations that serve as an important food base. Habitat quality, however, is uneven across the corridor due to fragmentation, invasive vegetation, and turf encroachment. Figure 39. Example of Limited Channel Complexity Figure 40. Representative Photo of Caddisfly 168 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 Page 22 DRAFT Ponds and emergent wetlands within the golf course attract a variety of waterfowl, including mallards, teal, and Canada geese. These species rely on wetland vegetation for cover, brood rearing, and forage. Emergent wetlands dominated by rushes and sedges provide the most functional habitat. Waterfowl use is currently constrained in areas where wetland edges are narrow, fragmented, or dominated by invasive reed canary grass, which offers reduced structural diversity. Beavers are present within portions of the Gore Creek corridor, though activity is intermittent and localized. Evidence of past lodge construction and tree cutting has been observed near willow stands and in the ponds around Holes 9 and 1. Beavers provide important ecological functions, including creating ponds, diversifying habitats, and retaining water; however, their foraging on willow and cottonwood can stress already limited recruitment of these key riparian species. In managed settings such as golf courses, balancing beaver activity with vegetation-regeneration goals is a critical consideration. 5.9 Other Aspects 5.9.1 Ponds The Vail Golf Club has 11 ponds throughout the course. Six of these ponds are located upstream, fed by the large diversion from Gore Creek, and are used to irrigate the golf course. The remaining five ponds are farther downstream and lie along the original alignment of Gore Creek prior to the development of the golf course and I-70. These lower ponds are fed from a ditch that captures runoff from the south. All of the ponds have various degrees of concern with algae proliferation. The algal growth in the ponds is not only aesthetically unpleasing, but also significantly reduces water quality through eutrophication. Eutrophication is the process by which a pond becomes overly enriched with nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorous, leading to excessive growth of algae and other aquatic plants. Excessive nutrients can come from runoff carrying fertilizer from the golf course, pet waste, and goose droppings. As algae bloom and die, it consumes considerable oxygen in the water body, creating hypoxic (low-oxygen) conditions that can harm fish, insects, and other aquatic life. It should be noted that during the spring and early summer months, the ponds have limited algae concerns as water is abundant and temperatures are cooler. Algal growth increases significantly in late summer as ambient air and water temperatures rise and water flows decrease, leading to reduced water depth and stagnation. This affects all ponds throughout the course but is of greater concern at the lower ponds near Vail Valley Drive, where they are shallower and narrower. The ponds have limited shade cover, which increases algae production due to exposure to direct sunlight. Headgates control the flow between the ponds, but due to current conditions, they limit effective control. Most of the headgates are located near the surface of the ponds limiting the ability to circulate water from lower portions of the pond or drain them. None of the ponds have aeration or pond management plans to limit algae growth. Another issue associated with the ponds is the presence of geese in and around them, which contributes to water quality concerns. Their fecal matter contains excess nutrients that enter the pond, promoting algae growth and reducing dissolved oxygen. Their droppings are unsanitary for humans and also aesthetically unpleasing. Geese can damage the ecosystem and the golf course by overgrazing and destroying sensitive wetland and riparian plants that provide ecological uplift to Gore Creek and the ponds. The openness of the golf course, along with the limited vegetation surrounding the ponds, makes the upper ponds a preferred location for geese. Solitude Lake Management, along with the Town of Vail, collected water quality samples from five ponds, four at the upstream location and one at the downstream location, once in the early spring (May 28, 2025) and again in September. The full analytical results of those tests are provided in Appendix 6. The water quality results from the May sampling event are summarized below, showing undesirable levels of Total Phosphorus, Alkalinity, Hardness, Total Nitrogen, and Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen, leading to conditions for prime algal growth. Figure 41. Channel Spanning Beaver Dam in Upstream Reach Figure 44. Algae Growth in Lower Ponds Figure 43. Geese Near Upper Ponds Figure 42. Lower Ponds in October 169 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 Page 23 DRAFT Figure 45. Pond Sampling Locations Table 5. Pond Water Quality Summary from May Test Pond 1 Pond 2 Pond 3 Pond 4 Pond 5 pH Healthy Healthy Healthy Healthy Healthy Total Phosphorus Borderline Borderline Borderline Borderline Borderline Orthophosphate Healthy Healthy Healthy Healthy Healthy Conductivity Healthy Healthy Healthy Healthy Healthy Alkalinity Low Low Low Low Borderline Turbidity Health Healthy Healthy Healthy Healthy Hardness Borderline Low Low Borderline Borderline Total Nitrogen Low Healthy Low Low Healthy Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen Low Healthy Low Low Healthy Nitrates/Nitrites Healthy Healthy Healthy Healthy Healthy Chlorophyll A Healthy Healthy Healthy Healthy Healthy 5.9.2 Golf Course As discussed throughout this report, the golf course plays a role in the hydraulic, ecological, and geomorphological condition of Gore Creek. The golf course and other infrastructure limit the creek’s ability to naturally shift, change, and evolve, effectively ‘locking it in place.’ There are many locations where there is little to no buffer between golf course features and water bodies, limiting the development of wetland and riparian areas. Due to the proximity of the golf course to the creek, there is limited floodplain connectivity and reduced overall channel sinuosity, especially in the lower reach. Several cart path bridges also cross the creek, affecting normal hydraulics and geomorphology. Vail Golf Club remains a valuable community recreation asset and the evaluation and recommendations assume continued operation of the golf course. The golf course's existing configuration, in many areas, limits the ability to provide ecological uplift and ultimately remove Gore Creek from the 303(d) list. Modifications to the golf course can benefit both the course and the creek. Nutrient runoff is a major impact of all golf courses, but especially those situated in a context like Vail. Due to its high elevation, the Vail Golf Club must apply additional fertilizers to ensure playability during the short golf season. Since fertilizers are applied to most irrigated turf areas, managing this nutrient runoff becomes critical to the overall health of Gore Creek. 5.9.3 Utilities The Town of Vail, ERWSD, and Xcel Energy provided information on existing utilities. As is typical in many creek corridors, numerous utilities are located near the creek or cross it at multiple locations. Of utmost significance is a high-pressure gas line that parallels the creek's downstream reach for approximately 4,600 linear feet. There is also a water line that crosses under Gore Creek near the Vail Valley bridge and a sanitary pipe near the cart path after Hole 12, both of which are currently exposed and not protected. Additionally, extensive irrigation lines are located throughout the golf course and near the creek. Along with utilities, five cart path bridges cross over Gore Creek. Included as Attachment J is a map of the various utilities throughout the area. 6.0 ENHANCEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS The following sections provide a discussion of each recommendation presented in the Planning Zone Maps in Attachment B. Included as Attachment B is a composite ‘roll map’ that shows the entire course and recommended improvements, along with individual planning zones. Also included in the maps are potential alternatives to address deficiencies near the Vail Valley Drive bridge and potential realignment of the creek required for housing north of I-70 through various alternatives. These recommendations can be used individually or in combination. This section provides a general overview of these features and their benefits. In-depth hydrologic and hydraulic evaluations should be completed before implementing some of these aspects. 6.1 Vegetative Buffer Enhancement / Creation The Vail Golf Club occupies a prominent reach of the Gore Creek corridor and plays a critical role in maintaining the ecological integrity of the upper Eagle River watershed. Historical modifications to the stream channel, combined with intensive turf management and limited buffer width, have reduced the riparian zone's natural filtration and habitat functions. Enhancing and expanding vegetative buffers along Gore Creek and associated water features will improve water quality, stabilize streambanks, and strengthen ecological resilience while maintaining the course's aesthetic and recreational values. The creation of wider, structurally diverse riparian and upland vegetative buffers at the Vail Golf Club will produce immediate and long-term benefits for the Gore Creek ecosystem and the broader community. By Figure 46. Exposed Sanitary Line Near Hole 12 Figure 47. Example of Wetland / Riparian Habitat 170 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 Page 24 DRAFT combining native plantings, hydrologic improvements, and adaptive management, this initiative will help meet local watershed goals, support wildlife, and demonstrate environmental leadership within the Town of Vail. Site-specific opportunities for vegetation enhancement, creation, and preservation are shown in Attachment A. The following page provides a typical section representing various planting zones that could be utilized as part of enhancement applications. 6.2 Wetland / Riparian Habitat Creation The riparian buffer should be expanded to a minimum of 25–50 feet where feasible, depending on site geometry and course layout. Buffer zones should include three structural layers:  Emergent and Herbaceous Layer: Sedges, rushes, and bulrushes planted along lower benches to stabilize banks and enhance filtration.  Shrub Layer: Willows, red-osier dogwood, and alder to provide structure, shading, and root stabilization.  Understory and Groundcover: Native grasses and forbs tolerant of moist soils, such as tufted hairgrass, blue wildrye, and yarrow, to fill interspaces and prevent erosion.  Tree canopy: Management of spruce trees, including selective removal, should be considered along the riparian zone. Planting a a diverse assortment of tree species throughout will benefit the ecosystem and provide shading and wildlife habitat. Live staking, container planting, and direct seeding are all appropriate establishment methods. Willow and dogwood stakes should be installed along the channel toe and bank slopes, while containerized shrubs and sedge plugs should be used on mid- and upper benches to ensure rapid coverage. Trees should be planted on top of the bank. Supplemental irrigation and browse protection may be necessary during the establishment period. Before planting, invasive species (e.g., Canada thistle, reed canary grass) should be removed using a combination of mechanical and spot-treatment methods. Where slopes are steep or compacted, minor regrading may be required to create gentle benches or microtopography conducive to moisture retention. Topsoil should be loosened or amended with organic matter to support root establishment. Installation should occur in late spring or early fall, when moisture conditions are favorable. Figure 48. Example of Wetland Riparian Habitat Creation at Nearby Golf Course 6.3 Vegetation Management A five-year maintenance period is recommended to ensure establishment success. Activities for consideration include supplemental irrigation during the first two growing seasons (optional), targeted weed control, and replacement of failed plantings. Annual monitoring should document plant survival, species composition, and percent cover. Adjustments to species selection, density, or hydrologic conditions should be made adaptively based on observed performance. 171 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 Page 25 DRAFT Figure 49. Riparian Vegetation Section 172 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 Page 26 DRAFT Figure 50. Potential Planting Matrices for Enhancement 6.4 Creek Realignment / Enhancement The straightening of Gore Creek through the Vail Golf Club has resulted in significant adverse impacts. This plan offers opportunities to increase channel sinuosity, modify the creek cross-section, and, in some locations, mimic the historical alignment. There are also opportunities to modify the actual cross-section of Gore Creek to provide greater benefit to the ecosystem. Throughout the planning zone maps, multiple areas are proposed for creek realignment or enhancement. Some of these locations recommend complete realignment, while others focus more on simply modifying the low flow and bankfull channel alignment by incorporating the enhancement measures presented in this section. While a full realignment of the creek to pre-anthropogenic conditions is not feasible, significant realignment is possible in some areas, and additional realignment options may become available through future projects. As discussed, certain areas of the golf course could be modified slightly to provide more space for the creek and its riparian corridors. In these areas, the creek could be completely realigned as such to provide additional sinuosity and riffle pool complexes, or the simple placement of point bars could be utilized to add additional inner-channel sinuosity as well. Again, these approaches would help reduce bankfull channel width and increase bankfull channel depth, while providing space for flood flows to spread. The mapped historical alignments provide a good reference for a functional creek planform, as does the largely undisturbed reach of Gore Creek from the eastern end of Booth Creek Drive to the East Vail exit ramp from I-70. Where opportunities exist to restore the creek alignment, riffle lengths, pool spacing, and other geomorphic parameters, they should be based on this reference data. During any projects along Gore Creek, the alignment and the cross-section of the creek should be modified to provide better ecological benefits. Modification of the cross-section of Gore Creek could be implemented without altering the creek's alignment. Due to the existing hydraulic and geomorphology of Gore Creek through the golf course, the current cross-section of the creek lacks the complexity of a natural stream cross section. Developing a typical terraced channel configuration with a low-flow and bankfull section would allow for the development of an inner channel with some sinuosity, without substantial realignment that could affect golf course playability. Included with the conceptual designs for Hole 11 are typical creek cross-sections that could be implemented. There may be a need to realign the creek near the intersection of Vail Valley Drive and the South Frontage Road in the future. Future development of residential housing on the north side of I-70, near the public works building, may require a turn lane, necessitating the widening of the South Frontage Road corridor at Vail Valley Drive. This widening would affect the existing creek alignment under the bridge, necessitating realignment of the creek and relocation of the bridge. If this is the case, the creek could be realigned along its historical alignment through the nearby existing ponds to increase length and sinuosity, allowing for the full reconstruction of the creek with a bankfull channel and terraced floodplain, while still permitting high flows to pass through the existing bridge. Figure 51. Example of Typical Channel Section 173 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 Page 27 DRAFT Figure 52. Example of a Simple Realignment Figure 53. Example of Complete Realignment Restoring the meander pattern of Gore Creek will also reduce the overall slope of the creek, improving its natural function and mitigating the risk of erosion and instabilities. In addition to the reduction in overall slope, adding sinuosity back into the system could support the development of a more natural riffle-pool bedform. Where possible, future grade control structures should avoid a vertical drop in grade and instead mimic a natural riffle bedform gradient. Retrofitting the existing grade-control structures to a gentler riffle slope will enhance the creek's function, particularly downstream of the existing diversion. Pools should be integrated into constructed riffles to kick-start the development of a sustainable, diverse bedform morphology. Any work within Gore Creek should maintain the continuity of the bed material gradation. Except where larger material, such as boulders, is warranted to hold grade in critical locations (e.g., the diversion crest), natural cobble substrate should be maintained throughout the corridor. 6.5 Point Bar Enhancement Point bars are the sandy or gravelly areas that form on the inside of river bends. They help keep rivers healthy by balancing erosion, creating shallow areas where fish and insects can thrive, and providing space for new plants to grow along the banks. Over time, these features also support floodplains, store water, and filter out pollutants, making rivers more stable, cleaner, and better for both wildlife and people. Point bars could be developed along many of the golf club's reaches. Point bars can help narrow the riverine corridor and increase depth and channel complexity in straightened reaches , and can increase inner-channel sinuosity where full channel realignment might not be possible. 6.6 Bank Stabilization While not all bank erosion is bad, in the case of Gore Creek through the Vail Golf Club, bank erosion and de-stabilization must be monitored and managed due to the course's proximity to the creek, along with utilities and infrastructure such as gas lines and roadways. Bank stabilization can take many forms, from hard- lined structures such as boulder walls and log cribbing to laid-back slopes and vegetative soil lifts. The key to bank stabilization is resiliency. Either the bank stabilization must be designed to resist erosive velocities or developed in a way that can ‘bounce back’ after a large flow event. The use of vegetation in all bank stabilization approaches is paramount, as the roots act like ‘glue’, stabilizing the banks and providing ecological benefits. Figure 54. Example of Point Bars Along Gore Creek Figure 55. Existing Log Cribbing Along Gore Creek 174 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 Page 28 DRAFT Figure 56. Example of Bank Stabilization Using a Combination of Hard and Soft Approaches 6.7 Floodplain Reconnection Floodplain reconnection offers significant ecological and community benefits by allowing rivers to naturally spread into their adjacent low-lying areas during high flows. This process reduces flood risks downstream by storing and slowly releasing water while also improving water quality by filtering out sediments, nutrients, and pollutants in the floodplain. Reconnected floodplains support diverse riparian vegetation and provide vital habitat for wildlife, creating essential refuges and nursery habitats for fish and other aquatic species. Over time, these areas enhance groundwater recharge, increase resilience to drought, reduce water temperatures, and restore the natural dynamics of rivers, making them healthier and more sustainable for both people and ecosystems. In a system like Gore Creek, which is bounded by the golf course and other infrastructure along its length, floodplain reconnection must be carefully evaluated. Prior to the development of the golf course and the construction of I-70, the Gore Creek floodplain through this area was quite extensive. While this plan aims to promote ecological restoration, it should be noted that reconnecting the creek to its historic floodplain is undesirable due to its impact on the course's playability. Instead of reconnecting the floodplain to the golf course, inner channel berms and terraces can be developed, allowing a portion of the land abutting the creek to be lowered and reconnected during more frequent events. While this may not fully reconnect the floodplain, the substantial benefits of any floodplain reconnection cannot be overstated. 6.8 Feature Boulders/Clusters Feature boulders and boulder clusters provide important benefits in river restoration by enhancing both habitat and channel stability. Strategically placed boulders create variations in flow, producing pools, riffles, and eddies that increase hydraulic complexity and oxygenate the water— conditions that are critical for fish and aquatic insects. Boulder clusters also help dissipate stream energy, reducing bank erosion and stabilizing the channel bed, while encouraging natural sediment sorting. Ecologically, they provide shelter and resting spots for fish, improve spawning habitat, and create diverse niches for macroinvertebrates. Over time, these structures mimic natural river features, contributing to a more resilient and self-sustaining stream system. Feature boulders and boulder clusters could be implemented throughout Gore Creek to provide additional channel complexity. They can also narrow the width of Gore Creek, thereby increasing depths, providing cover, and reducing water temperatures. 6.9 Diversion Structure Rehabilitation The diversion structure near Hole 14 could be modified to support ecological uplift and improved stream hydraulics, while also enabling greater water diversion capacity and better control of those diversions. It is recommended that the crest be initially raised slightly to improve water diversion during periods of low flow. The diversion could also be upgraded with flow-monitoring telemetry and automated headgate actuators to improve control of the diverted water. The modification of the diversion itself should be coupled with the redevelopment of the grade downstream of the diversion crest. The grade downstream of the diversion structure could be adjusted to mimic a series of typical riffle-pool sequences, thereby replicating the natural character of Gore Creek. The intent would be to modify the slope of the structure to spread the drop associated with the diversion structure over a longer distance. This would enable development of additional aquatic habitat and reduce bank erosion in the vicinity of the structure. Figure 58. Example of Feature Boulder/Clusters Figure 57. Floodplain Reconnection without Impacting Golf Playability 175 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 Page 29 DRAFT 6.10 Ponds Ponds act as the catchment basin in any flowing water system. With that comes the accumulation of sediment and, inevitably, nutrients. In terms of algae growth, the primary nutrients of concern are phosphorus and nitrogen. To manage the ponds and mitigate algae growth, our approach focuses on water quality and sediment monitoring, nutrient remediation, and the installation of aeration equipment. Nuisance algae species, specifically the mat-forming subset that covers the surface of ponds, prefer stagnant water as it allows their cells to form connections. Aeration equipment will help reduce the algae cells' ability to form these connections and helps to circulate the water column in the hot summer months, allowing cool water from the bottom to mix with the warmer top layer. This ensures there is oxygen at the pond bottom and prevents a thermocline from forming. This is important for fish health, as ponds with a thermocline can suddenly turn over, rapidly mixing low- and high- oxygen waters, causing stress to fish and potentially leading to fish kills. Aeration can be achieved through fountains that provide aesthetic value. The sediment layer in ponds, especially organic sediment, is a common source of internal nutrient loading. With twice-yearly water quality and sediment monitoring, the Town of Vail will be able to track and address excess nutrient buildup and organic material accumulation. These potential issues can be addressed with a variety of products, including the preferred approach of using calcium peroxide-based tools. These products have been shown to reduce up to 12 inches of soft sediment in a single year and to significantly reduce free-reactive phosphorus in water and sediment. In addition to the calcium peroxide applications, the recommended bi- weekly maintenance services will apply beneficial bacteria to boost microorganisms that naturally digest phosphorus and nitrogen. Additional mechanical removal of sediment or deepening of the ponds might be suggested based on a bathymetric survey of the ponds. The ponds throughout the Vail Golf Club are connected via ditches and pipes that are controlled by headgates at the pond's surface. The existing headgates are relatively dilapidated and limit the ability to control flows between the ponds as water levels decrease. New headgates that allow for the lowering of the pond’s water surface elevation would be beneficial to increasing flow through the ponds, limiting algae production. Utilization of an Agri-Drain style headgate, which could allow a pond to be completely drained, would benefit the ecology of ponds as well as provide flexibility in operations. This could work in concert in converting some of the ponds to wetland and riparian areas with bankfull channels to act as sacrificial ponds when flows decrease without being unsightly or unhealthy. All these headgates could also be connected via telemetry and actuators to allow for automated and remote control or trash racks and fish screens to limit movement of debris or fish from pond to pond. 6.10.1 Pond Edge Vegetation Enhancement The ponds at the Vail Golf Club are a defining feature of the landscape, offering both functional water storage and visual interest. However, their margins are currently constrained by narrow bands of turf grass and limited wetland vegetation, reducing their ability to filter runoff, provide habitat, and stabilize shorelines. Expanding the emergent wetland buffer around these ponds presents an opportunity to enhance ecological performance while maintaining the recreational and aesthetic values of the golf course. The recommended buffer design incorporates a tiered system that transitions from aquatic emergent vegetation at the water’s edge to riparian shrubs in the mid-slope zone and native mesic meadow species at the upland interface. This approach not only enhances habitat diversity but also maximizes the buffer's capacity to filter nutrients, trap sediments, and reduce shoreline erosion. Where space permits, the buffer should extend 10 to 15 feet from the pond margin, providing sufficient width to deliver measurable water quality and habitat benefits. The inner zone along the water’s edge should be planted with emergent species adapted to permanently saturated soils, including native sedges such as beaked sedge and Nebraska sedge, rushes such as Baltic rush, and bulrushes like chairmaker's bulrush and hardstem bulrush. These emergent communities will provide dense root networks that stabilize soils, intercept nutrients, and create valuable habitat for amphibians, aquatic invertebrates, and waterfowl. Immediately above the emergent zone, a band of riparian shrubs should be established in saturated but less frequently inundated soils. Key species include Rocky Mountain and Geyer willows, Bebb’s willow, and red-osier dogwood. The outer buffer should transition to upland species that blend with the managed turf while maintaining ecological function. Native shrubs such as golden currant and serviceberry should be paired with seeded mixes of native grasses and forbs, including tufted hairgrass, blue wildrye, yarrow, and native asters. This transition zone will create a visually attractive meadow edge that supports pollinators and provides a clear delineation between wetland buffer and mowed turf areas. Figure 59. Fountain Providing Aeration Figure 60. Ponds with No Buffer 176 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 Page 30 DRAFT 6.11 Tree Replacement In accordance with the Town of Vail’s vegetation protection and tree removal policies, compensatory planting will be used to offset any trees removed during course renovations. Under Vail Code § 14-6-2, grading and site alteration around retained vegetation must avoid disturbing critical root zones unless approved by the Design Review Board. Thus, replacement trees will be planted in designated mitigation zones that respect existing critical root zones and stream corridors. Species selection will favor native, site-adapted species consistent with Vail’s local guidelines (e.g., local aspen, cottonwood, willow, and subalpine species) with a replacement ratio sufficient to reestablish equivalent canopy cover and ecological function. All plantings will be supported with temporary irrigation during establishment and monitored over multiple growing seasons. The design of compensatory planting will be submitted for review by the Design Review Board, ensuring compliance with Vail’s vegetation removal and grading controls. Old Growth Tree Service has completed a tree health assessment and maintains an active tree inventory that includes recommendations for management. This data was reviewed as part of this plan. 6.12 Golf Course Modifications To implement some of the measures presented in the enhancement plan, modifications to the golf course are needed in certain areas. These modifications are not only beneficial to the river but also to golf course playability. As projects progress along the river through the Vail Golf Club, the Vail Golf Course Master Plan should be evaluated in conjunction with a golf architect to explore win-win solutions. In general, it would be best to provide a substantial buffer between the golf course and the creek to allow for additional vegetation, a riparian buffer, point-bar development, and inner-channel sinuosity. Many of the proposed golf course modifications involve relocating tees, fairways, greens, and golf cart paths away from the river to facilitate bank stabilization, enhance vegetative buffers, and create and develop wetland and riparian habitats. Larger efforts, such as rerouting the creek through its historical alignment and the lower ponds, would also require modifications to the holes, but would be a great added benefit to Gore Creek. All this work could be phased to limit impact to golf course playability and available funding. 6.13 Utilities As with any river corridor, there are numerous utilities that either parallel Gore Creek or cross underneath. Any utilities in close proximity to the creek that can be relocated should be, but note that this may require considerable effort and be extremely costly. Therefore, whenever utilities are in proximity to the creek, the creek’s hydraulics and geomorphology should be evaluated to ensure the utility is not impacted. Utilities that parallel the river should be encased if possible. If encasement is not possible, the utility should be protected by measures such as offset buried riprap revetment and boulder bank stabilization. In cases where utilities cross beneath the creek, they should be buried to an elevation above the anticipated scour depth and protected with larger stream substrate material to limit scour. They should also be encased in reinforced concrete. The exposed existing water line could likely be lowered, but hydraulics should be evaluated first. The existing exposed sanitary line cannot likely be lowered, as it is a gravity utility. Therefore, it should be protected in place with encasement and boulder-grade controls to limit degradation and scour in the vicinity of the utility. In areas with ample room, floodplain terraces should be developed to reduce erosive velocities. 6.14 Bioswales Bioswales are shallow, vegetated channels designed to slow and filter water, making them especially valuable for limiting nutrient runoff from golf courses. As water flows through a bioswale, grasses, native plants, and soil microbes trap sediments, absorb excess fertilizers, and break down pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus before they reach nearby streams or ponds. This natural filtration process not only improves downstream water quality but also reduces harmful algal growth, protects aquatic habitat, and enhances the aesthetic and ecological value of the golf course. Additionally, bioswales promote groundwater recharge and provide pollinator-friendly vegetation, offering both environmental and community benefits. Bioswales can be implemented in any location where runoff is concentrated into swales and then conveyed towards the river. Bioswales could also be implemented along the entire reach of Gore Creek through the Golf Course to capture nonpoint runoff. Bioswales can also be implemented at the end of drainage culverts conveying runoff to Gore Creek. These bioswales can have a minimal impact on the overall playability of the course and, in most instances, are unnoticeable. 6.15 Wildlife As with most golf courses that feature creeks and ponds within their boundaries, there is likely to be conflict with wildlife. As previously discussed, concerns exist regarding the proliferation of geese on the course and near the ponds that require attention. The geese throughout the course cause water quality concerns, wasting entire ponds and creeks. There are also concerns with beavers throughout the corridor affecting golf course infrastructure. Beavers have been known to build dams across Gore Creek, causing flooding of the golf course, and to burrow under greens, resulting in considerable damage to infrastructure. Addressing both concerns in an ethical, ecosystem-enhancement-minded way is challenging. While geese may not provide a direct benefit to the ecosystem, acceptably removing them is challenging and could be illegal. The Migratory Bird Treaty Act, originally enacted in 1918, implements treaties between the U.S. and other nations, Figure 61. Overcrowding of Trees of Same Class and Species Figure 62. Example of Simple Golf Course Modification to Provide Buffer Figure 63. Example of Bioswale 177 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 Page 31 DRAFT such as Canada, to protect migratory birds. It makes it illegal to pursue, hunt, take, capture, kill, or sell migratory birds, as well as their nests or eggs, unless authorized by permit. Canada geese (as well as snow geese and many other goose species) are explicitly protected under the Act. Beavers, on the other hand, provide considerable benefits to the ecosystem and are known as nature's engineers. It is understood that the Golf Club typically breaks large beaver dams that cause flooding around the golf course; however, measures such as the ‘Beaver Deceiver’ could be utilized, allowing the dam to stay in place while providing a mechanism to drain the impounded water through a caged culvert. Furthermore, large boulder walls and logs could be emplaced around sensitive golf infrastructure to limit beavers' ability to burrow under critical infrastructure that is expensive to repair. The last measure that should be utilized is the actual relocation of beavers away from the course, this should be limited to only when absolutely necessary, as it is possible that beavers will return, and translocated beavers experience high mortality rates. It is likely that neither of these species can be addressed fully and should be monitored as issues arise. 6.16 Wildfire Mitigation The Vail Golf Club lies within a Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI) zone where developed landscapes meet natural forest and shrubland habitats. Under the Vail Community Wildfire Protection Plan (Vail, 2020) property owners are required to implement vegetation management and structural hardening measures to reduce wildfire risk. The Eagle County Community Wildfire Protection Plan (2023) further outlines regional priorities for fuel reduction, defensible space, and landscape resilience. Vail Fire Department serves as the local fire authority and provides technical guidance for wildfire mitigation within the Town of Vail. Implementation of this Wildfire Mitigation Plan will align the Vail Golf Club with county and regional goals, improving fire resilience for the course, adjacent neighborhoods, and the Gore Creek watershed. 6.16.1 Site Conditions and Risk Overview  Vegetation and Fuels: Areas surrounding the course include mixed conifer and aspen stands with dense understory vegetation and shrub thickets along property edges. These zones present moderate fuel continuity and potential for ladder fuels.  Topography: Slopes on the southern and eastern margins promote upslope fire spread under prevailing wind conditions.  Structures and Infrastructure: The clubhouse, maintenance facilities, and rest stations are located near vegetated areas that could transmit radiant heat or embers.  Community Interface: The golf course borders residential properties and open spaces, serving as a transition zone where consistent mitigation is essential to community safety. 6.16.2 Wildfire Mitigation Objectives  Reduce fuel continuity between wildland vegetation and built environments.  Enhance defensible space around all structures and critical facilities.  Create fire-resistant landscapes using appropriate native and low-flammability species.  Increase preparedness through staff training, maintenance protocols, and interagency coordination.  Protect ecological values by integrating wildfire mitigation with riparian and habitat restoration projects. 7.0 50% DESIGNS As part of this plan, conceptual designs were developed to address the four areas of greatest concern: erosion along the 11th Fairway, flooding near the 7th Hole, the proximity of the 15th Green to Gore Creek, and algae proliferation in the ponds. The designs developed, included in Attachment C, are conceptual in nature and will require refinement in future phases. The designs are based solely on aerial imagery and LiDAR. Included as Attachment G are a series of plans and profile drawings, along with potential details for each area. 7.1 Erosion Along 11th Fairway Erosion along the 11th Fairway, as well as the banks on the opposite side of the river, is concerning. While this is not the only area where the creek is incised, it is one of the main areas with contiguous erosion occurring along both banks. The area lacks a riparian corridor due to existing instability, steep banks, limited shade, exposure to sun, and limited soil media. High flows in this area are confined, leading to significant erosion along the banks. Currently, erosion and vertical banks along the river's right (north) bank, where the 11th Fairway is located, are unsightly but are not affecting the playability of the course. If left unattended, erosion could begin to affect the fairway at this location. The erosion and vertical banks along the left (south) side have the potential to propagate and affect golf course infrastructure, including irrigation systems and maintenance access paths, and may raise concerns about the banks of the nearby ponds. The benefit of this location is that the 11th Fairway is quite wide, and there are opportunities to reduce its width while improving the course's playability. At this location, it is proposed to reduce the fairway width and realign the channel center further to the north, allowing for the inclusion of a bankfull channel with floodplain terraces on both sides of the river and banks at a reduced slope. These terraces will also provide opportunities for vegetative buffers and riparian enhancement. This work could also be combined with reducing the vertical drop at the existing diversion structure by installing a series of riffles and pools to provide channel complexity. At the same time, the diversion crest could be adjusted to enhance the ability to divert during periods of low creek flow. Figure 64. Wildfire Ready 178 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 Page 32 DRAFT Figure 65. Example of Bank Erosion on 11th Hole 7.2 15th Green Proximity to Creek To address the 15th Green’s proximity to Gore Creek, the green must be relocated away from the creek. Currently, portions of the 15th green fall within 10 feet of the TYFL of Gore Creek, and the edge of the green’s fringe is only one foot away from the TYFL. The goal would be to relocate the green as far away from the TYFL as possible to limit mowing and establishment of natural riparian vegetation. The relocation of the green would increase the vegetative buffer, providing ecological benefits and improved water quality by reducing nutrient runoff. Relocating a green can be quite expensive, fortunately opportunities exist to use a nearby ‘practice green’ as the 15th Green or to expand the existing green into the ‘practice green’. Figure 66. Green Within 'No Mow' Area 7.3 7th Hole Flooding It is understood that the 7th and portions of the 8th Hole flood during more frequent runoff events associated with large spring runoff and the 2-year event. The flooding of these areas affects the playability of the course and limits the opening of these holes until the water recedes. It should also be noted that some of this flooding is associated with high groundwater levels, given the creek's proximity to the water surface. Flooding of these areas could be reduced by incorporating a floodplain terrace along both the 7th and 8th Holes, but it would be a considerable undertaking. Also, adding a considerable amount of fill to both holes is counterproductive to stream health and exceedingly difficult to permit. To address flooding concerns and minimize its impact on these holes, the following measures are recommended: raising the 7th front tees, incorporating a low-lying area between the front tees and the fairway, and installing a boardwalk over the low-lying area. This would allow the creek to remain connected to its historical floodplain, while also providing golfers access to the area as the waters recede. Incorporation of a lower terrace along the river near the 7th Fairway and green is also recommended, with a boulder or log wall to catch grade and stabilize the banks. The hardline feature of the wall would also limit beavers' ability to dig under the green, which can cause substantial damage Figure 67. Flooding Along 7th Hole 7.4 Algae Proliferation Our team recommends a two-pronged approach to address the issue of algae, combining conventional pond management techniques with innovative solutions that modify pond operations, topography, or diversions. Our initial approach, and the more feasible solution, examined typical pond management practices that could be used to reduce algae growth in the pond. As part of this project, Solitude Lake Management conducted an evaluation of several ponds along the golf course and has provided a recommended pond management plan in Appendix 7. Another approach developed was to look for opportunities to keep fresh water flowing through the ponds. This is a viable option, but it would require modifying diversion infrastructure to allow water to be diverted when the creek is low since the upper ponds are limited by the crest of the diversion structure and the lower ponds are limited by natural runoff in the upper basin. This approach would include modifying the crest of the diversion for the upper ponds and the pipeline to maintain a continuous flow of water through the ponds. It should be noted that while this diversion would be limited, it would reduce the flow in the creek between the point where water is diverted out of the creek and the point where it returns. Another option presented as part of this plan is to modify the ponds to use more open-channel conveyance mechanisms that mimic a riparian corridor. This would likely only be feasible for the lower ponds near Vail Valley Drive. It would still divert water to some level of beneficial use but limit the need for extra water during low- flow times of the year. A defined stream channel section would be developed with a riparian corridor with low- growth plants to provide ecological uplift and shading. Whether the ponds are converted to more open channels, vegetative buffers should be included around the ponds to provide additional ecological benefits, such as shade and food sources for aquatic organisms. This could include riparian vegetation around the pond and the planting of trees. 179 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 Page 33 DRAFT Figure 68. Algae in Ponds 7.5 General Revegetation The Vail Golf Club’s Gore Creek corridor supports diverse but degraded vegetation, including willows, sedges, cottonwoods, and conifers, many of which show limited regeneration and stress from hydrologic alteration, turf encroachment, and invasive species. While these plant communities provide key habitat and water-quality benefits, fragmentation and weed infestation have reduced ecological function. Moderate wildfire risk from accumulated fuels and dense conifer understory further threatens the site. The enhancement plan recommends expanding 25–50-foot native vegetative buffers, restoring multi-layered riparian habitats, managing invasives, and implementing a five-year adaptive maintenance program. Coordinated wildfire mitigation through fuel reduction, defensible space, and alignment with the Vail Community Wildfire Protection Plan will improve safety, habitat resilience, and long-term watershed health while demonstrating sustainable management at the Vail Golf Club. See Figure 50 for a typical planting section. 8.0 EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES As with all restoration projects, numerous educational opportunities exist. It is key to the success of these restoration efforts to inform the individuals maintaining the area, as well as the public, about why certain actions are being taken. Developing a signage program throughout the golf course and along the surrounding trails can educate and inform people about the benefits of the work being completed, helping them appreciate the project and support future endeavors. The utilization of before-and-after pictures of restoration is a great way to convey the benefits of the work being completed. A program could be developed that builds upon the various techniques employed throughout the golf course, such as floodplain reconnection, riparian enhancement, vegetation management, and addressing wildlife concerns, among others. Educating the public is also a great aspect to include in potential grant funding applications. Interpretive and informational signs should communicate the purpose of restoration activities, promote stewardship, and enhance visitors’ understanding of the creek ecosystem and golf course improvements. The intent is to create a cohesive signage system that informs users while harmonizing with the golf course's natural and recreational character. Interpretive and educational signs should be located near restoration features, cart paths, and walking areas to engage both golfers and the public. Key topics may include:  Gore Creek Restoration Story: Overview of the creek’s ecological importance, restoration goals, and the community’s effort to improve water quality.  Riparian Vegetation and Habitat: Role of native plants in stabilizing banks, improving habitat, and filtering runoff.  Water Quality and Pond Management: Explanation of stormwater treatment, nutrient control, and aquatic habitat improvements.  Wildlife and Biodiversity: Information on fish, birds, and pollinators found along the creek and their role in a healthy ecosystem.  Sustainable Course Maintenance: Highlight the golf course’s commitment to environmentally responsible turf management and reduced chemical use.  Climate Resilience and Floodplain Health: Describe how restoration supports long-term adaptation to changing hydrologic conditions. 9.0 FUNDING As part of any project, we need to evaluate the funding options for the proposed work. The benefit of water and ecosystem-centric projects is that numerous federal, state, local, and nonprofit grants are available to support this kind of work. One of the best federal grants available for these types of projects is the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation Water Smart Grant, which provides cost-shared funding for water- related projects that enhance conservation, sustainability, and resiliency across the Western United States and U.S. territories. The proposed restoration measures could fall under a couple of the various categories provided by the Water Smart Grant. One option is Small-Scale Water Efficiency Projects which support more modest, localized improvements identified via prior planning, such as flow measurement, canal lining to reduce seepage, automation upgrades, or efficient landscape irrigation systems. These are projects with funding up to $100,000 and a cost share of 50%. Another option is Environmental Water Resources Projects, which support projects that deliver ecological benefits such as watershed restoration, water infrastructure improvements that benefit ecosystems, or conservation that advances ecological values. These are projects with funding of up to $2 million Figure 69. Signage Example from Project on Crystal River 180 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 Page 34 DRAFT and a 50% cost share. It is worth noting that state, local, and nonprofit grants can be used toward the 50% cost share. We are fortunate to live in a state that truly values its water resources. The CWCB, along with CPW, offers grants that can be utilized to support projects like these. Utilization of Colorado Water Plan Grant Program, managed by the CWCB, funds projects that advance the core goals of the state's Water Plan focusing on resilient, sustainable water use across communities, agriculture, ecosystems, and planning. The projects presented herein would be eligible for the Watershed Health and Recreation funding category, which funds approximately $10 million in projects a year and requires a 50% match for all construction projects and a minimum 25% match for all plans or studies. CPW also offers the Fishing is Fun Grant, which provides up to $700,000 annually in matching grants to improve angling opportunities in Colorado. Great Outdoors Colorado Grants, funded by lottery revenue, could also be used to support the development of these plans. There are other grants supported by a consortium of groups, including federal and state agencies and non-profit organizations, that could be used to further develop these projects. Such grants as the RESTOR Colorado grant program, which funds at-scale habitat restoration and stewardship projects on public and private conservation lands in Colorado that have the greatest benefit for wildlife and local communities, including watershed resiliency projects aimed at enhancing wetland and riparian areas. Furthermore, grants are available specifically for golf courses to enhance water conservation, drought resilience, habitat conservation, development, and water education. There are many other grants available to support these types of projects with varying submittal requirements and application timeframes. 10.0 PERMITTING As with all projects, especially those involving water resources, numerous permits must be obtained before construction begins. Any work within the Effective FEMA floodplain will require a floodplain development permit and, depending on the work, may require an official letter of map revision to update the floodplain once the project is completed. It should also be understood that a permit from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers will be required for any potential impacts to wetlands and stream courses. As part of both permits, an evaluation of the potential impact on threatened and endangered species will be required. A majority of the creek along the frontage road is also within the Colorado Department of Transportation's right-of-way; therefore, a Special Use Permit will be required. Multiple state and local permits are typically required for any construction project, including a grading permit, a dewatering permit, and a construction stormwater discharge permit. If federal funds are used for the project, additional permitting may be required to comply with the National Environmental Policy Act. Additional requirements could include an Environmental Assessment or a Categorical Exclusion, as well as cultural resource surveys. It should also be noted that since Gore Creek is considered a Gold Medal Water by CPW, construction within the active channel can only be completed during specific times of the year to minimize impacts on spawning areas. 181 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 Page 35 DRAFT 11.0 ATTACHMENTS: PLANS, DESIGNS, AND MAPS A. Existing Conditions and Opportunities Map B. Planning Zone Maps C. Conceptual Designs D. Historical Aerial Evaluation E. Existing Conditions Photo Maps F. Hydraulic Evaluation Maps G. Gore Creek: Overall Plan and Profile H. Geological Mapping I. Relative Elevation Model Map J. Utility Map 12.0 APPENDICES 1. Community Outreach Summary 2. Vail Planting Guides 3. Vail Golf Course – Golf Master Plan 4. Drone Aerials 5. Hydrology Memorandum 6. Pond Water Quality Data 7. Pond Management Plan 182 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 Page 36 DRAFT 13.0 REFERENCES Ahmednur, M., R. Sabir, D. Lenjissa, and A. Ambelu. 2024. Effects of channelization on macroinvertebrate assemblages in a small stream: the case of Awetu in Jimma City, Ethiopia. Heliyon 10(23). Accessed at: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11652918/ American Legal Publishing Corporation. 2024. Town of Vail Municipal Code. Sections §5-14-5 (Vegetation Protection and Tree Removal) and §14-6-2 (Grading and Site Alteration). Retrieved from https://codelibrary.amlegal.com/codes/vailco Chapman and Knudsen 1980. Channelization and livestock impacts on salmonid habitat and biomass in Western Washington. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 109(4):357-363. Colorado Department of Natural Resources (CDNR). 2022. Colorado Noxious Weed Management Plan. Division of Parks and Wildlife, Denver, CO. Colorado Water Conservation Board (CWCB). Colorado Fluvial Hazard Zone Delineation Protocol, Appendix C: Relative Elevation Model (REM) Generation Tool Guidance Version 4.0. August 2020. Eagle County. 2023. Eagle County Community Wildfire Protection Plan (CWPP). Eagle County Government, Colorado. Eagle River Fire Protection District (ERFPD). 2024. Wildfire Mitigation Standards and Best Practices. Eagle River Watershed Council. 2024. Gore Creek Water Quality and Habitat Health Summary. Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). 2007a. Flood Insurance Study, Eagle County, Colorado and Incorporated Areas. December 4, 2007 Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). 2007b. Flood Insurance Rate Map 08037C0468D. December 4, 2007. Gwiazda, E.S., D. Ciszewski, and A. Kownacki. 2023. The effects of channelization with low in-stream barriers on macroinvertebrate communities of mountain rivers. Water 2023(15): 1059. HEC-SSP. 2019. Version 2.3. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Julien, P.Y. 1995. Erosion and Sedimentation. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Accessed at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139174107 Kellog K.S., et al. 2003. Geologic map of the Vail East Quadrangle, Eagle County, Colorado. USGS, Miscellaneous Field Studies Map MF-2375, 1 sheet, scale 1:24,000. Accessed at: https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_54459.htm Kennedy, T.L, and T.F. Turner. 2011. River channelization reduces nutrient flow and macroinvertebrate diversity at the aquatic terrestrial transition zone. Ecosphere 2(3). Accessed at: https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1890/ES11- 00047.1#:~:text=Our%20results%20indicate%20that%20river,macroinvertebrates%20in%20the%20tra nsition%20zone. Lennox, P. A. and J. Rasmussen. 2016. Long-term effects of channelization on a cold-water stream community. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences doi:10.1139/cjfas-2015-0561. Lotic Hydrological, LLC. 2016. Restore the Gore – Gore Creek Strategic Action Plan. Town of Vail. Montgomery, D. R. and J. M. Buffington. 1997. Channel-reach morphology in mountain drainage basins. Geological Society of America Bulletin 109(5):596-611 Phelps-Atkinson. 2011. Vail Golf Course – Golf Course Master Plan. April 1, 2011. Phelps-Atkinson – Golf Course Design. Vail Recreation District. Richer, E. E., M. C. Kondratieff, and B. D. Swigle. 2015. Post-flood recovery assessment and stream restoration guidelines for the Colorado Front Range. Colorado Parks and Wildlife, Fort Collins, Colorado. River Restoration. 2022. Hydrologic Evaluation of 1.5 yr and 2 yr Flood Rates in Vail, CO. River Restoration. 2023. Town of Vail | TYFL & 100-yr Hydrologic Modeling and Mapping update | Exhibit 3. StreamMechanics. 2021. A Function-Based Framework for Stream Assessment and Restoration Projects. Environmental Protection Agency. May 2012. Thorne, C. R., R. D. Hey, and M. D. Newson. 1997. Applied Fluvial Geomorphology for River Engineering and Management. John Wiley and Sons, West Sussex, England. Town of Vail. 2016. Planting Guide for Residents and Businesses. Town of Vail Environmental Sustainability Department. Town of Vail. 2016. Planting Guide for Landscaping Crews. Town of Vail Environmental Sustainability Department. Town of Vail. 2016. Landscape Designers' Guide. Town of Vail Environmental Sustainability Department. Town of Vail. 2020. Vail Community Wildfire Protection Plan. Town of Vail Community Development. Tweto, Ogden, et al. 1977. Geology of the Minturn 15-Minute Quadrangle, Eagle and Summit Counties, Colorado. USGS, Professional Paper 956, scale 1:48,000. Accessed at: https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_5119.htm Trout Unlimited. 2024. Request for Proposal: Design-Build Services; Gore Creek Habitat Enhancement Project. Trout Unlimited Eagle County. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS). 2018. Riparian Forest Buffers: Conservation Practice Standard (Code 391). U.S. Department of Agriculture. 183 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 Page 37 DRAFT U.S. Forest Service. 2019. Wildland-Urban Interface Best Practices for Fuel Reduction and Vegetation Management. U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service. U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). 1955. Entity ID, ARA001370141909. Aerial Photo Single Frames. [Aerial image]. https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/. Accessed March 10, 2025. U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). 1969. Entity ID, AR1VBSA00040067. Aerial Photo Single Frames [Aerial image]. https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/. Accessed March 10, 2025. U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). 1981. Guidelines for Determining Flood Flow Frequency, Bulletin #17B of the Hydrology Subcommittee. U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). 2009. Regional Regression Equations for Estimation of Natural Streamflow Statistics in Colorado. U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). 2024. Entity ID, M_3910622_SW_13_030_20230907. Aerial Photo Single Frames [Aerial image]. https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/. Accessed March 10, 2025. U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). 2025. The StreamStats program. http://streamstats.usgs.gov. Accessed March 6, 2025. Vail Recreation District. 2025. Public Outreach Report: Gore Creek Enhancement Plan Community Engagement Summary. Wentzel, J. and C. Hull. 2021. An overview of riparian systems and potential problems. Oregon State University Extension Service. 184 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 DRAFT ATTACHMENTS 185 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 DRAFT Attachment A: Existing Conditions & Opportunities Map 186 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 DRAFT Attachment B: Planning Zone Maps 187 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 DRAFT Attachment C: Conceptual Designs 188 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 DRAFT Attachment D: Historical Aerial Evaluation 189 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 DRAFT Attachment E: Existing Conditions Photo Maps 190 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 DRAFT Attachment F: Hydraulic Evaluation Maps 191 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 DRAFT Attachment G: Gore Creek Overall Plan and Profile 192 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 DRAFT Attachment H: Geological Map 193 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 DRAFT Attachment I: Relative Elevation Model Map 194 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 DRAFT Attachment J: Utility Map 195 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 DRAFT Appendix 1: Community Outreach Summary 196 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 DRAFT Appendix 2: Vail Planting Guides 197 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 DRAFT Appendix 3: Vail Golf Course – Golf Master Plan 198 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 DRAFT Appendix 4: Drone Aerials 199 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 DRAFT Appendix 5: Hydrology Memorandum 200 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 DRAFT Appendix 6: Water Quality Results for Ponds 201 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 DRAFT Appendix 7: Pond Management Plan 202 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan January 2026 191-026.070 203 7 8 2 9 1 10 18 11 17 12 16 15 13 14 0 100 2005025 300 Scale: 1”:100’ SEVERELY DEGRADED VEGETATION MODERATELY DEGRADED VEGETATION HIGH QUALITY VEGETATION WETLAND CREATION / EXPANSION FOREST HEALTH MANAGEMENT POND BUFFER ENHANCEMENT 204 7 8 2 3 3 0 100 2005025 300 Scale: 1”:100’205 2 9 0 100 2005025 300 Scale: 1”:100’206 2 9 0 100 2005025 300 Scale: 1”:100’207 2 9 0 100 2005025 300 Scale: 1”:100’208 10 18 0 100 2005025 300 Scale: 1”:100’209 11 17 0 100 2005025 300 Scale: 1”:100’210 12 16 15 0 100 2005025 300 Scale: 1”:100’211 13 14 0 100 2005025 300 Scale: 1”:100’ 212 213 214 215 216 TOWN OF VAIL, COLORADO VAIL GOLF CLUB - GORE CREEK ENHANCEMENT PLAN CONCEPT DESIGNS OWNER: TOWN OF VAIL 75 S. FRONTAGE RD W. VAIL, CO 81657 ENGINEER: WRIGHT WATER ENGINEERS, INC. 818 COLORADO AVE. SUITE 307 GLENWOOD SPRINGS, CO 81602 LANDSCAPE ARCHITECT: DHM DESIGN CORPORATION 225 MAIN ST, UNIT 201 CARBONDALE, CO 81623 GOLF COURSE ARCHITECT: ATKINSON DESIGN GROUP 5438 WILLOW SPRINGS DRIVE MORRISON, CO 80465 CONTACT: PETER WADDEN WATERSHED HEALTH SPECIALIST TOWN OF VAIL 970-479-2144(OFFICE) CONTACT: SCOTT SCHREIBER, P.E. 970-945-7755 (OFFICE) CONTACT: JEREMY ALLINSON 970-963-6520 (OFFICE) CONTACT: KEVIN ATKINSON, ASGCA, PLA 721-530-5484 (OFFICE) PROJECT LOCATION NORTH 10000 20000 FT100000 MAP SOURCE: 2025 MICROSOFT GENERAL NOTES 1.THE INTENT OF THE PROJECT IS TO DETAIL THE PRIORITY IMPROVEMENTS ON THE PROPOSED PROJECT AREAS. 2.ALL EXISTING AND PROPOSED IMPROVEMENTS SHOWN ON THIS PLAN ARE CONCEPTUAL IN NATURE AND REQUIRE FURTHER ANALYSIS TO DEVELOP CONSTRUCTION DOCUMENTS. FINAL DESIGN SHALL BE PERFORMED BY A REGISTERED PROFESSIONAL ENGINEER. 3.THESE PLANS ARE TO BE UTILIZED IN CONJUNCTION WITH "VAIL GOLF CLUB - GORE CREEK ENHANCEMENT PLAN", DEVELOPED BY WRIGHT WATER ENGINEERS. THE REPORT OUTLINES THE THREE FOLLOWING 'PRIORITY AREAS' TO BE DEVELOPED TO CONCEPT DESIGN AS PART OF THE SCOPE OF THE STREAM ENHANCEMENT PLAN. LOCATION MAP CONTACTS SHEET INDEX LMC DTL/SDS SDS SHOWN MEMBER UTILITIES FOR THE MARKING OF UNDERGROUND BEFORE YOU DIG, GRADE, OR EXCAVATE CALL 3-BUSINESS DAYS IN ADVANCE CENTER OF COLORADO OR CALL UTILITY NOTIFICATION 1-800-922-1987 811 CALL COLORADO SCALE DETAIL CHECK DESIGN Pl o t D a t e / T i m e : 1 0 / 1 6 / 2 0 2 5 , 0 9 : 2 2 : 1 9 A M ; G : \ W W E \ 1 9 1 - 0 2 6 \ 0 7 0 \ C A D \ 0 2 _ D W G S \ P L A N S \ G N X X . D W G - C O V E R S H E E T SHEET NO. JOB NO. REVISION NO. DATE WRIGHT WATER ENGINEERS, INC. GLENWOOD SPRINGS, CO 81602 (970)945-7755 FAX(970)945-9210 818 COLORADO AVE. P.O. BOX 219 NOT FOR CONSTRUCTION DRAFT 191-026.070VAIL GOLF CLUB - GORE CREEK ENHANCEMENT PLAN - CONCEPT DESIGNS COVER SHEET GN01 ENHANCEMENT PLAN CAMPAIGN GOALS 1.IMPROVE STREAM CHANNEL CONDITIONS TO MORE CLOSELY RESEMBLE NATURAL HYDROLOGY. 2.IMPROVE FLOODPLAIN CONNECTIVITY AND REDUCE GOLF COURSE FLOODING DURING PEAK RUNOFF. 3.ENHANCE AND RESTORE RIPARIAN VEGETATION TO SHADE THE CREEK AND PONDS. 4.REDUCE ALGAE IN PONDS. 5.REDUCE DEAD VEGETATION AND POTENTIAL WILDFIRE FUEL SOURCES. 6.REDUCE LANDSCAPE CHEMICAL USE AND THEIR ECOLOGICAL IMPACTS. 7.CONSIDER OPPORTUNITIES TO ADJUST ALIGNMENT OF BOTH THE STREAM CHANNEL AND GOLF COURSE FEATURES. 8.ENHANCE BIODIVERSITY ON GOLF COURSE AND GOLF COURSE REACH OF GORE CREEK. 10/16/25 10/16/25 10/16/25 SHEET NUMBER SHEET TITLE GN01 COVER SHEET OV01 INDEX MAP PP01 HOLE 7 - PLAN PP02 HOLE 11 - PLAN AND PROFILE PP03 HOLE 15 - PLAN TS01 ACTUAL SECTIONS TS02 TYPICAL SECTIONS DT01 TYPICAL DETAILS DT02 TYPICAL DETAILS DT03 TYPICAL DETAILS DT04 TYPICAL DETAILS EXISTING MAJOR CONTOUR EXISTING MINOR CONTOUR HOLE ALIGNMENT/ NUMBER EAGLE COUNTY PARCELS 50% DESIGN PROJECT AREAS PROPOSED MAJOR CONTOUR PROPOSED MINOR CONTOUR ALTERNATE HOLE ALIGNMENT/ NUMBER 2-YEAR FLOODPLAIN BOUNDARY TREE REMOVAL TREE PLANTING AERATION AND NUTRIENT REMEDIATION FEATURE BOULDER CLUSTER DRAINAGE DIRECTION NATURAL LOG STABILIZATION BIOSWALE POOL LOCATION GOLF COURSE MODIFICATIONS VEGETATIVE BUFFER ENHANCEMENT GOLF COURSE BUNKER POINT BAR ENHANCEMENT BANK STABILIZATION ZONE 1: WETLAND/RIPARIAN PLANTING ZONE 2: UPLAND PLANTING 7 9780' 9785' 9780' 9785' 15 MASTER LEGEND PRIORITY AREAS THE FOLLOWING ARE THE THREE AREAS OF GREATEST CONCERN ADDRESSED WITH THESE CONCEPTS: 1.EROSION NEAR THE 11TH FAIRWAY, WHERE CREEK-BANK INSTABILITY THREATENS BOTH THE STREAM HEALTH AND COURSE PLAYABIITY. 2.FLOODING AT THE 7TH HOLE IMPACTS COURSE USE DURING PEAK RUNOFF EVENTS. 3.THE 15TH GREEN'S PROXIMITY TO THE CREEK CREATES RISKS FOR BOTH WATER QUALITY AND COURSE INFRASTRUCTURE. 217 PP01 - HOLE 7 7 8 18 12 3 4 10 9 PP03 - HO L E 1 5 PP02 - HOLE 1 1 12 13 16 15 14 17 11 300 600 FT3000 PLAN 10/15/25LMC DTL/SDS SDS SHOWN MEMBER UTILITIES FOR THE MARKING OF UNDERGROUND BEFORE YOU DIG, GRADE, OR EXCAVATE CALL 3-BUSINESS DAYS IN ADVANCE CENTER OF COLORADO OR CALL UTILITY NOTIFICATION 1-800-922-1987 811 CALL COLORADO SCALE DETAIL CHECK DESIGN Pl o t D a t e / T i m e : 1 0 / 1 6 / 2 0 2 5 , 0 9 : 2 3 : 0 9 A M ; G : \ W W E \ 1 9 1 - 0 2 6 \ 0 7 0 \ C A D \ 0 2 _ D W G S \ P L A N S \ O V X X - O V E R A L L P R O J E C T P L A N S . D W G - O V E R A L L ( 2 ) SHEET NO. JOB NO. REVISION NO. DATE WRIGHT WATER ENGINEERS, INC. GLENWOOD SPRINGS, CO 81602 (970)945-7755 FAX(970)945-9210 818 COLORADO AVE. P.O. BOX 219 NOT FOR CONSTRUCTION DRAFT 191-026.070VAIL GOLF CLUB - GORE CREEK ENHANCEMENT PLAN - CONCEPT DESIGNS 10/15/25 10/15/25 NOTES: 1.2022 DRONE AERIAL IMAGERY PROVIDED BY THE TOWN OF VAIL 2.2022 LIDAR PROVIDED BY THE TOWN OF VAIL INDEX MAP OV01 LEGEND: EXISTING MAJOR CONTOUR EXISTING MINOR CONTOUR HOLE ALIGNMENT/ NUMBER EAGLE COUNTY PARCELS CONCEPT DESIGN PROJECT AREAS PROPOSED MAJOR CONTOUR PROPOSED MINOR CONTOUR 2-YEAR FLOODPLAIN BOUNDARY NORTH 300 600 FT3000 PLAN 7 9780' 9785' FLOW FLOW 9780' 9785' NORTH 21 8 7 8 82 4 1 ' 8230' 82 2 1 ' 82 1 1 ' 82 0 5 ' 8203' 8203' 8201 ' 82 0 1 ' 8205' 8 2 1 0 ' 8215' 8222' 8232' 8 2 0 5 ' 82 0 3 ' 820 2 ' 8204 ' 8205' 8203 ' 820 4 ' RAISE FORWARD TEE BY APPROX. 2' LOWER AREA BETWEEN CART PATH AND FAIRWAY, INTRODUCE BIOSWALE FOR WETLAND/ RIPARIAN HABITAT CREATION AND DRAINAGE BOARDWALK TO CONNECT CART PATH TO FAIRWAY LOWER AREA BETWEEN HOLE 7 AND HOLE 8 AND INTRODUCE BIOSWALE FOR WETLAND/ RIPARIAN HABITAT CREATION AND DRAINAGE 2-YEAR FLOODPLAIN 8 2 0 6 ' 820 6 ' 8225'8224' 8220' 8215' 8210' 8205' 8205' 8204' 8 2 0 4 ' 8206 ' 82 0 6 ' 8 2 0 4 ' 8 2 0 7 ' 8 2 0 6 ' 8 2 0 5 ' POINT BAR ENHANCEMENT FEATURE BOULDER CLUSTERS, SEE SHEET DT02 8203' 8204' 8205' BIOSWALE LOG CRIBBING, SEE SHEET DT02 LMC DTL/SDS SDS SHOWN MEMBER UTILITIES FOR THE MARKING OF UNDERGROUND BEFORE YOU DIG, GRADE, OR EXCAVATE CALL 3-BUSINESS DAYS IN ADVANCE CENTER OF COLORADO OR CALL UTILITY NOTIFICATION 1-800-922-1987 811 CALL COLORADO SCALE DETAIL CHECK DESIGN Pl o t D a t e / T i m e : 1 0 / 1 6 / 2 0 2 5 , 0 9 : 2 4 : 0 3 A M ; G : \ W W E \ 1 9 1 - 0 2 6 \ 0 7 0 \ C A D \ 0 2 _ D W G S \ P L A N S \ P P X X - P L A N A N D P R O F I L E . D W G - H O L E 7 - P L A N SHEET NO. JOB NO. REVISION NO. DATE WRIGHT WATER ENGINEERS, INC. GLENWOOD SPRINGS, CO 81602 (970)945-7755 FAX(970)945-9210 818 COLORADO AVE. P.O. BOX 219 NOT FOR CONSTRUCTION DRAFT 191-026.070VAIL GOLF CLUB - GORE CREEK ENHANCEMENT PLAN - CONCEPT DESIGNS 20 40 FT200 NORTH PLAN 10/16/25 10/16/25 10/16/25 HOLE 7 - PLAN PP01 FLOW LEGEND: EXISTING MAJOR CONTOUR EXISTING MINOR CONTOUR HOLE ALIGNMENT/ NUMBER PROPOSED MAJOR CONTOUR PROPOSED MINOR CONTOUR 2-YEAR FLOODPLAIN BOUNDARY TREE REMOVAL TREE PLANTING FEATURE BOULDER CLUSTER DRAINAGE DIRECTION BIOSWALE NATURAL LOG STABILIZATION BOARDWALK GOLF COURSE MODIFICATIONS POINT BAR ENHANCEMENT VEGETATIVE BUFFER ENHANCEMENT ZONE 1: WETLAND/RIPARIAN PLANTING ZONE 2: UPLAND PLANTING 7 9780' 9781' 9780' 9781' 21 9 11 S T A : 6 3 . 5 0 ST A : 6 7 + 0 0 ST A : 7 0 + 0 5 8244' 8 2 4 5 ' 82 4 8 ' 8 2 4 6 ' 8250'8240' 824 2 '824 4 ' 8245' 825 0 ' 8255 ' 825 0 ' 82 5 2 ' 8243 ' 824 8 ' 8242' 8 2 5 0 ' 82 5 3 ' 8247' 8246 ' 82 4 7 ' 8 2 4 8 ' 8249' MAINTAIN DRAINAGE PATHWAY POINT BAR ENHANCEMENT BOULDER WALL STABILIZATION, SEE SHEET DT01 DIVERSION STRUCTURE, MAINTAIN EXISTING CREST ELEVATION (OPTION TO INCREASE CREST ELEVATION TO INCREASE DIVERSION OPERATIONS) 16 17 18 60 + 0 0 61+00 62+00 63+0 0 64+00 65+00 66+00 67+00 68 + 0 0 69 + 0 0 70+ 0 0 7 1 + 0 0 7 2 + 0 0 PROPOSED CHANNEL REALIGNMENT MAINTAIN DRAINAGE PATHWAY ST A : 6 2 + 0 0 S T A : 6 5 + 0 5 ST A : 6 8 + 5 5 ST A : 7 1 + 1 0 LOG STRUCTURE, SEE SHEET DT02 FLOODPLAIN LOG HABITAT STRUCTURE, SEE SHEET DT02 FLOODPLAIN LOG HABITAT STRUCTURE, SEE SHEET DT02 FLOODPLAIN LOG HABITAT STRUCTURE LOG STRUCTURE POINT BAR ENHANCEMENT POINT BAR ENHANCEMENTLOG STRUCTURE SEE SHEET TS01 AND TS02 FOR TYPICAL AND ACTUAL CROSS SECTIONS SEE SHEET TS01 AND TS02 FOR TYPICAL AND ACTUAL CROSS SECTIONS SEE SHEET TS01 AND TS02 FOR TYPICAL AND ACTUAL CROSS SECTIONS FEATURE BOULDER CLUSTER, SEE SHEET DT04 8235 8240 8245 8250 8255 8235 8240 8245 8250 8255 60+00 60+50 61+00 61+50 62+00 62+50 63+00 63+50 64+00 64+50 65+00 65+50 66+00 66+50 67+00 67+50 68+00 68+50 69+00 69+50 70+00 70+50 71+00 71+50 72+00 AVERAGE SLOPE = 0 . 9 % EXISTING GRADE GRADED SURFACE PROFILE EXISTING THALWEG (SUPERIMPOSED) EXAMPLE RIFFLE POOL PROFILE 0.9% DIVERSION STRUCTURE15 . 0 % - 1 0 . 0 % 0.5% 40 80 FT400 0 4040 0 88 VERTICALHORIZONTAL 80 FT 16 FT NORTH PLAN PROFILE LMC DTL/SDS SDS SHOWN MEMBER UTILITIES FOR THE MARKING OF UNDERGROUND BEFORE YOU DIG, GRADE, OR EXCAVATE CALL 3-BUSINESS DAYS IN ADVANCE CENTER OF COLORADO OR CALL UTILITY NOTIFICATION 1-800-922-1987 811 CALL COLORADO SCALE DETAIL CHECK DESIGN Pl o t D a t e / T i m e : 1 0 / 1 6 / 2 0 2 5 , 0 9 : 2 4 : 2 4 A M ; G : \ W W E \ 1 9 1 - 0 2 6 \ 0 7 0 \ C A D \ 0 2 _ D W G S \ P L A N S \ P P X X - P L A N A N D P R O F I L E . D W G - H O L E 1 1 - P L A N A N D P R O F I L E SHEET NO. JOB NO. REVISION NO. DATE WRIGHT WATER ENGINEERS, INC. GLENWOOD SPRINGS, CO 81602 (970)945-7755 FAX(970)945-9210 818 COLORADO AVE. P.O. BOX 219 NOT FOR CONSTRUCTION DRAFT 191-026.070VAIL GOLF CLUB - GORE CREEK ENHANCEMENT PLAN - CONCEPT DESIGNS 10/16/25 10/16/25 10/16/25 HOLE 11 - PLAN AND PROFILE PP02 LEGEND: EXISTING MAJOR CONTOUR EXISTING MINOR CONTOUR HOLE ALIGNMENT/ NUMBER PROPOSED MAJOR CONTOUR PROPOSED MINOR CONTOUR AERATION AND NUTRIENT REMEDIATION TREE REMOVAL DRAINAGE DIRECTION NATURAL LOG STABILIZATION POINT BAR ENHANCEMENT POOL LOCATION GOLF COURSE MODIFICATIONS VEGETATIVE BUFFER ENHANCEMENT ZONE 1: WETLAND/RIPARIAN PLANTING ZONE 2: UPLAND PLANTING 15 9780' 9781' 9780' 9781' NOTE: 1.GRADING SHOWN ON PLAN VIEW IS A STRAIGHT GRADED PROFILE. ACTUAL RIFFLE, POOL, RUN, GLIDE SEQUENCE TO BE GRADED WHEN GROUND SURVEY IS ACQUIRED. 2.SEE SHEET TS01 AND TS02 FOR TYPICAL AND ACTUAL CROSS SECTIONS. 3.SEE SHEET DT03 FOR TYPICAL RIFFLE, POOL, RUN, GLIDE SEQUENCE 22 0 15 16 8265'NO-MOW ZONE 2-YEAR FLOODPLAIN PROPOSED DOUBLE GREEN SECONDARY PIN LOCATION PROPOSED SAND TRAP 8263' 8262' 82 6 4 ' 8266' 8266' 8 2 6 7 ' 8267' 82 6 4 ' 8 2 6 3 ' 8264' 8265' 8 2 6 5 ' 827 0 ' 828 0 ' 827 5 ' 82 6 7 ' 8 2 6 6 ' 826 5 ' 826 5 ' 8265' 8 2 6 7 ' 8267' 15 82 6 6 ' 82 6 7 ' 8268 ' 82 6 9 ' 82 6 4 ' KEEP NO-MOW ZONE WITHIN RIPARIAN BUFFER INCREASE COMPLEXITY OF RIVER CHANNEL REDUCE STREAMBANK SLOPE, INCREASE RIPARIAN BUFFER ZONE PRIMARY PIN LOCATION LEGEND: EXISTING MAJOR CONTOUR EXISTING MINOR CONTOUR HOLE ALIGNMENT/ NUMBER PROPOSED MAJOR CONTOUR PROPOSED MINOR CONTOUR ALTERNATE HOLE ALIGNMENT/NUMBER 2-YEAR FLOODPLAIN BOUNDARY TOWN OF VAIL NO-MOW ZONE TREE REMOVAL/REPLACEMENT TREE PLANTING DRAINAGE DIRECTION BIOSWALE SAND TRAP GOLF COURSE MODIFICATIONS VEGETATIVE BUFFER ENHANCEMENT ZONE 1: WETLAND/RIPARIAN PLANTING ZONE 2: UPLAND PLANTING 20 40 FT200 NORTH PLAN LMC DTL/SDS SDS SHOWN MEMBER UTILITIES FOR THE MARKING OF UNDERGROUND BEFORE YOU DIG, GRADE, OR EXCAVATE CALL 3-BUSINESS DAYS IN ADVANCE CENTER OF COLORADO OR CALL UTILITY NOTIFICATION 1-800-922-1987 811 CALL COLORADO SCALE DETAIL CHECK DESIGN Pl o t D a t e / T i m e : 1 0 / 1 6 / 2 0 2 5 , 0 9 : 2 4 : 4 4 A M ; G : \ W W E \ 1 9 1 - 0 2 6 \ 0 7 0 \ C A D \ 0 2 _ D W G S \ P L A N S \ P P X X - P L A N A N D P R O F I L E . D W G - H O L E 1 5 - P L A N SHEET NO. JOB NO. REVISION NO. DATE WRIGHT WATER ENGINEERS, INC. GLENWOOD SPRINGS, CO 81602 (970)945-7755 FAX(970)945-9210 818 COLORADO AVE. P.O. BOX 219 NOT FOR CONSTRUCTION DRAFT 191-026.070VAIL GOLF CLUB - GORE CREEK ENHANCEMENT PLAN - CONCEPT DESIGNS 10/16/25 10/16/25 10/16/25 HOLE 15 - PLAN PP03 15 9780' 9781' 9780' 9781' 15 NOTE: 1.ATKINSON DESIGN GROUP ORIGINAL RENDERING OF PROPOSED HOLE 15 GREEN. 22 1 S T A : 6 2 + 0 0 S T A : 6 2 + 0 0 S T A : 6 5 + 0 5 S T A : 6 5 + 0 5 ST A : 6 8 + 5 5 ST A : 6 8 + 5 5 ST A : 7 1 + 1 0 ST A : 7 1 + 1 0 ST A : 7 0 + 0 5 ST A : 7 0 + 0 5 S T A : 6 7 + 0 0 S T A : 6 7 + 0 0 S T A : 6 3 . 5 0 S T A : 6 3 . 5 0 60+0 0 61+00 62+00 63+ 0 0 64+00 65+00 66+00 67+0 0 68+0 0 69+ 0 0 70+00 71 + 0 0 72 + 0 0 73+00 73+34 EL E V A T I O N , ( F T ) STA. (FT) STA:62+00 8235 8240 8245 8250 8255 8235 8240 8245 8250 8255 1+00 2+00 2+50 EL E V A T I O N , ( F T ) STA. (FT) STA:63.50 8235 8240 8245 8250 8255 8235 8240 8245 8250 8255 1+00 2+00 2+50 EL E V A T I O N , ( F T ) STA. (FT) STA:65+05 8235 8240 8245 8250 8255 8235 8240 8245 8250 8255 1+00 2+00 2+50 EL E V A T I O N , ( F T ) STA. (FT) STA:67+00 8235 8240 8245 8250 8255 8235 8240 8245 8250 8255 1+00 2+00 2+50 EL E V A T I O N , ( F T ) STA. (FT) STA: 68+55 8235 8240 8245 8250 8255 8235 8240 8245 8250 8255 1+00 2+00 2+50 EL E V A T I O N , ( F T ) STA. (FT) STA: 70+05 8240 8245 8250 8255 8260 8240 8245 8250 8255 8260 1+00 2+00 2+50 EL E V A T I O N , ( F T ) STA. (FT) STA: 71+10 8240 8245 8250 8255 8260 8240 8245 8250 8255 8260 1+00 2+00 2+50 EXISTING GRADE PROPOSED GRADE EXISTING GRADE PROPOSED GRADE EXISTING GRADE PROPOSED GRADE EXISTING GRADE PROPOSED GRADE EXISTING GRADE PROPOSED GRADE EXISTING GRADE PROPOSED GRADE PROPOSED GRADE EXISTING GRADE LMC DTL/SDS SDS SHOWN MEMBER UTILITIES FOR THE MARKING OF UNDERGROUND BEFORE YOU DIG, GRADE, OR EXCAVATE CALL 3-BUSINESS DAYS IN ADVANCE CENTER OF COLORADO OR CALL UTILITY NOTIFICATION 1-800-922-1987 811 CALL COLORADO SCALE DETAIL CHECK DESIGN Pl o t D a t e / T i m e : 1 0 / 1 6 / 2 0 2 5 , 0 9 : 2 4 : 5 9 A M ; G : \ W W E \ 1 9 1 - 0 2 6 \ 0 7 0 \ C A D \ 0 2 _ D W G S \ P L A N S \ T S X X - T Y P I C A L S E C T I O N S . D W G - A C T U A L S E C T I O N S SHEET NO. JOB NO. REVISION NO. DATE WRIGHT WATER ENGINEERS, INC. GLENWOOD SPRINGS, CO 81602 (970)945-7755 FAX(970)945-9210 818 COLORADO AVE. P.O. BOX 219 NOT FOR CONSTRUCTION DRAFT 191-026.070VAIL GOLF CLUB - GORE CREEK ENHANCEMENT PLAN - CONCEPT DESIGNS 10/16/25 10/16/25 10/16/25 ACTUAL SECTIONS TS01 CHANNEL CROSS SECTIONS CROSS SECTIONS SHOWN LEFT TO RIGHT LOOKING DOWNSTREAM CHANNEL CROSS SECTIONS KEY MAP 60 60 120 FT0 0 2020 0 1010 VERTICALHORIZONTAL 40 FT 20 FT NORTH NOTES: 1.EXISTING GRADE IS BASED UPON LIDAR, GRADING WILL NEED TO BE UPDATED ACCORDING TO SURVEY FOR FINAL DESIGN PLANS. 2.RIFFLE POOL SYSTEM IS NOT REFLECTED IN THE DISPLAYED SECTIONS, FURTHER ANALYSIS WILL BE REQUIRED TO DETERMINE RIFFLE POOL SEQUENCE. 22 2 BANKFULL WSE TIE INTO EXISTING GRADE TIE INTO EXISTING GRADE CHANNEL THALWEG SEE SHEET PP02 2 H : 1 V 2H : 1 V BANKFULL DEPTH VARIES (APPROX 3' - 4') BANKFULL WIDTH VARIES (+/- 35' - 45') BOTTOM WIDTH 30.0' 2% BENCH (SEE PLA N ) CL TOP OF BANK SEE SHEET PP02 TOP OF BANK SEE SHEET PP02 5%5% 4H: 1 V T I E - I N (SE E P L A N ) 2% BENCH (SEE PL A N ) 4 H : 1 V T I E - I N ( S E E P L A N ) TOE OF BANK TIE INTO EXISTING GRADE TIE INTO EXISTING GRADE BANKFULL WSE 2 H : 1 V 2H : 1 V POOL DEPTH VARIES (APPROX 4' - 6') LOW FLOW WIDTH TO OUTSIDE BANK VARIES (APPROX 20.0') 2% BENCH (SEE PLA N ) CL TOP OF BANK SEE SHEET PP02 TOP OF BANK SEE SHEET PP02 4H: 1 V T I E - I N (SE E P L A N ) 2% BENCH (SEE PL A N ) 4 H : 1 V T I E - I N ( S E E P L A N ) 10' P O I N T B A R AT 8 % S L O P E POINT BAR DEPTH VARIES (APPROX 1') LOW FLOW WIDTH TO INSIDE BANK VARIES (APPROX 25.0') CHANNEL THALWEG SEE SHEET PP02 TOE OF BANK TOTAL DEPTH APPROX 5' - 7' BOTTOM WIDTH APPROX 6' 5% STREAMBED MATERIAL (18" THICK MIN.) DEPICTION OF DEPTH NOT TO SCALE SEE SHEET DT01 FOR GRADATION BANKFULL WSE CL STREAMBED MATERIAL SEE DT01 FOR GRADATION (24" THICK) MIN. 5' STREAMBED MATERIAL MIN. 5' STREAMBED MATERIAL WOOD STRAW TO EXTEND FROM TOP OF BANK TO LIMITS OF DISTURBANCE EROSION CONTROL BLANKET EROSION CONTROL BLANKET WOOD STRAW TO EXTEND FROM TOP OF BANK TO LIMITS OF DISTURBANCE MIX STREAMBED MATERIAL FROM TOP OF BANK TO 5' INTO FLOODPLAIN BENCH WITH 9" MIN THICKNESS OF TOP SOIL 9" MIN THICKNESS OF TOP SOIL 9" MIN THICKNESS OF TOP SOIL TOP OF BANK SEE SHEET PP02 TOP OF BANK SEE SHEET PP02 MIX STREAMBED MATERIAL FROM TOP OF BANK TO 5' INTO FLOODPLAIN BENCH WITH 9" MIN THICKNESS OF TOP SOIL STREAMBED MATERIAL (24" THICK MIN.) DEPICTION OF DEPTH NOT TO SCALE SEE DT01 FOR ESTIMATED GRADATION BANKFULL WSE CL TOP OF BANK SEE SHEET PP02 TOP OF BANK SEE SHEET PP02 STREAMBED MATERIAL SEE DT01 FOR GRADATION (24" THICK)MIN. 5' STREAMBED MATERIAL MIN. 5' STREAMBED MATERIAL WOOD STRAW TO EXTEND FROM TOP OF BANK TO LIMITS OF DISTURBANCE BIOLOG AND KOIR BLANKETS BIOLOG AND KOIR BLANKETS WOOD STRAW TO EXTEND FROM TOP OF BANK TO LIMITS OF DISTURBANCE 9" MIN THICKNESS OF TOP SOIL DEPICTION OF DEPTH NOT TO SCALE MIX STREAMBED MATERIAL FROM TOP OF BANK TO 5' INTO FLOODPLAIN BENCH WITH 9" MIN THICKNESS OF TOP SOIL 9" MIN THICKNESS OF TOP SOIL DEPICTION OF DEPTH NOT TO SCALE MIX STREAMBED MATERIAL FROM TOP OF BANK TO 5' INTO FLOODPLAIN BENCH WITH 9" MIN THICKNESS OF TOP SOIL OUTSIDE BANK LMC DTL/SDS SDS SHOWN MEMBER UTILITIES FOR THE MARKING OF UNDERGROUND BEFORE YOU DIG, GRADE, OR EXCAVATE CALL 3-BUSINESS DAYS IN ADVANCE CENTER OF COLORADO OR CALL UTILITY NOTIFICATION 1-800-922-1987 811 CALL COLORADO SCALE DETAIL CHECK DESIGN Pl o t D a t e / T i m e : 1 0 / 1 6 / 2 0 2 5 , 0 9 : 2 5 : 0 9 A M ; G : \ W W E \ 1 9 1 - 0 2 6 \ 0 7 0 \ C A D \ 0 2 _ D W G S \ P L A N S \ T S X X - T Y P I C A L S E C T I O N S . D W G - T Y P I C A L S E C T I O N S SHEET NO. JOB NO. REVISION NO. DATE WRIGHT WATER ENGINEERS, INC. GLENWOOD SPRINGS, CO 81602 (970)945-7755 FAX(970)945-9210 818 COLORADO AVE. P.O. BOX 219 NOT FOR CONSTRUCTION DRAFT 191-026.070VAIL GOLF CLUB - GORE CREEK ENHANCEMENT PLAN - CONCEPT DESIGNS 10/16/25 10/16/25 10/16/25 TYPICAL SECTIONS TS02 TYPICAL RIFFLE DIMENSION HORIZONTAL SCALE: 1" = 4' VERTICAL SCALE: 1" = 1' TYPICAL RIFFLE IMPROVEMENTS HORIZONTAL SCALE: 1" = 4' VERTICAL SCALE: 1" = 1' TYPICAL POOL DIMENSION HORIZONTAL SCALE: 1" = 4' VERTICAL SCALE: 1" = 1' TYPICAL POOL IMPROVEMENTS HORIZONTAL SCALE: 1" = 4' VERTICAL SCALE: 1" = 1' DT01 1 DT01 3 22 3 BOULDER CLASSIFICATION NOMINAL SIZE (INCHES) RANGE IN SMALLEST DIMENSION OF INDIVIDUAL ROCK BOULDERS (INCHES) MAXIMUM RATIO OF LARGEST TO SMALLEST ROCK DIMENSION OF INDIVIDUAL BOULDERS 24" BOULDER 24 20 - 28 1.50 36" BOULDER 36 32 - 40 1.50 42" BOULDER 42 38 - 46 1.50 NOMINAL SIZE (D50) = B NOTES: 1.FINAL BOULDER SIZE FOR EACH STRUCTURE TO BE DETERMINED DURING ADDITIONAL DESIGN PHASES. 2.SALVAGE EXISTING BOULDERS FOR USE WITHIN THE CHANNEL WHERE POSSIBLE. 3.BOULDERS SHOULD BE BURIED INTO STREAM SUBSTRATE AND SET BELOW OR AT TOP OF BANK FINISHED GRADE. 4.ROCK MATERIAL USED FOR THE PROJECT SHALL CONSIST OF HARD ROCK, TYPICALLY FROM IGNEOUS OR METAMORPHIC FORMATION (I.E. NOT SANDSTONE OR SEDIMENTARY ROCK). BOULDER SIZE SPECIFICATIONS RIPRAP SPECIFICATIONS VOID-FILLED RIPRAP NOTES: 1.RIPRAP TO BE SIZED DURING FINAL DESIGN. 2.RIPRAP SHALL BE MIXED WITH THE MATERIALS AND ASSOCIATED PROPORTIONS LISTED IN TABLE ABOVE. 3.MIX PROPORTIONS ARE APPROXIMATE AND ARE SUBJECT TO ADJUSTMENT BY ENGINEER. 4.THE RIPRAP AND VOID FILLED MATERIALS SHALL BE STOCKPILED SEPARATELY AND THOROUGHLY MIXED PRIOR TO PLACEMENT AND SHALL BE INSTALLED AND COMPACTED SO THAT A DENSE INTERLOCKED LAYER OF RIPRAP AND VOID FILL MATERIAL IS PROVIDED WITH RIPRAP VOIDS COMPLETELY FILLED. 5.COMPACTION OF THE ANGULAR VOID-FILLED RIPRAP SHALL BE PERFORMED BY WHEEL ROLLING WITH HEAVY RUBBER-TIRED EQUIPMENT. 6.ALL ANGULAR VOID FILLED RIPRAP THAT IS BURIED WITH TOPSOIL SHALL BE REVIEWED AND APPROVED BY THE ENGINEER BEFORE ANY TOPSOIL PLACEMENT. 7.IN AREAS WHERE ANGULAR VOID FILLED RIPRAP IS BEING PLACED IN COMBINATION WITH EROSION CONTROL BLANKET, ADDITIONAL TOPSOIL SHALL BE MIXED IN TOP 9" OF RIPRAP TO DEVELOP A 50/50 MIX. 5-10° PROVIDE TOPSOIL COVER TOP OF WALL STREAMBED MATERIAL COMPACTED SUBGRADECHINK ALL VOIDS BETWEEN BOULDERS WITH STREAMBED MATERIAL COMPACTED SUBGRADE BOULDERS SEAT BOULDERS ON STREAMBED MATERIAL BOULDERS PLACE BOULDERS AS CLOSELY AS POSSIBLE (TOUCHING EACH OTHER) CHINK ALL VOIDS WITH STREAMBED MATERIAL. KEY BOULDERS INTO BANK TOE OF WALL SET BOULDERS BACK FOOTER BOULDER TO BE BURIED PROVIDE TOPSOIL COVER STREAMBED MATERIAL COMPACTED SUBGRADE COMPACTED SUBGRADE BOULDERS SEAT BOULDERS ON STREAMBED MATERIAL 5-10° KEY BOULDERS INTO BANK TOP OF WALL TOE OF WALL BOULDERS LOG ROOT BALL LOG WITH ROOTBALL TO EXTEND INTO BANK PAST BOULDERS FOOTER BOULDER TO BE BURIED CHINK ALL VOIDS BETWEEN BOULDERS WITH STREAMBED MATERIAL LOG TO BE ANCHORED TO STREAMBANK WITH CABLES LMC DTL/SDS SDS SHOWN MEMBER UTILITIES FOR THE MARKING OF UNDERGROUND BEFORE YOU DIG, GRADE, OR EXCAVATE CALL 3-BUSINESS DAYS IN ADVANCE CENTER OF COLORADO OR CALL UTILITY NOTIFICATION 1-800-922-1987 811 CALL COLORADO SCALE DETAIL CHECK DESIGN Pl o t D a t e / T i m e : 1 0 / 1 6 / 2 0 2 5 , 0 9 : 2 5 : 3 6 A M ; G : \ W W E \ 1 9 1 - 0 2 6 \ 0 7 0 \ C A D \ 0 2 _ D W G S \ P L A N S \ D T X X - D E T A I L S . D W G - T Y P I C A L D E T A I L S SHEET NO. JOB NO. REVISION NO. DATE WRIGHT WATER ENGINEERS, INC. GLENWOOD SPRINGS, CO 81602 (970)945-7755 FAX(970)945-9210 818 COLORADO AVE. P.O. BOX 219 NOT FOR CONSTRUCTION DRAFT 191-026.070VAIL GOLF CLUB - GORE CREEK ENHANCEMENT PLAN - CONCEPT DESIGNS 10/16/25 10/16/25 10/16/25 TYPICAL DETAILS DT01 BOULDER WALL EXAMPLE LOG CRIBBING EXAMPLE NOTE: 1.DEPICTED BOULDER WALL, LOCATED AT RECENTLY COMPLETED RESTORATION AT EAGLEVAIL GOLF COURSE. 2.DETAILS ON PROPOSED BOULDER WALL HEIGHT, ROCK SIZE, AND DEPTH TO BE DETERMINED WITH FINAL DESIGN. NOTE: 1.EXISTING LOG CRIBBING IS LOCATED NORTH OF THE HOLE 8 GREEN. 2.DETAILS ON PROPOSED LOG CRIBBING HEIGHT, ROCK SIZE, AND DEPTH TO BE DETERMINED WITH FINAL DESIGN. BOULDER WALL DETAIL EXAMPLENOTE: 1.ADDITIONAL DETAIL WILL BE NEEDED FOR FINAL DESIGN. 2.DETAILS ON PROPOSED BOULDER WALL HEIGHT, BOULDER SIZE, BURY DEPTH, AND STREAMBED MATERIAL THICKNESS TO BE DETERMINED WITH FINAL DESIGN. PROFILE VIEW NTS SECTION VIEW NTS LOG CRIBBING DETAIL EXAMPLE PROFILE VIEW NTS SECTION VIEW NTS NOTE: 1.ADDITIONAL DETAIL WILL BE NEEDED FOR FINAL DESIGN. 2.DETAILS ON PROPOSED LOG CRIBBING WALL HEIGHT, BOULDER SIZE, LOG DIAMETER, BURY DEPTH, AND STREAMBED MATERIAL THICKNESS TO BE DETERMINED WITH FINAL DESIGN. 22 4 F L O O D P L A I N F L O W XS2 XS1 FOOTER LOG SHALL BE AT LEAST 10 FEET LONG PLACE ONE BOULDER ON DOWNSTREAM SIDE OF HEADER LOG NEAREST ROOT WAD AND A SECOND BOULDER IN OPPOSITE CORNER AS SHOWN TO PIN AND PINCH LOGS TO PREVENT MOVEMENT. HEADER LOG SHALL BE LONG ENOUGH SUCH THAT END WITHOUT ROOT WAD CAN BE BURIED AT LEAST FLUSH WITH THE GROUND WITH A BOULDER ON TOP TO PIN IT DOWN. STREAM, DITCH, OR WETLAND FEATURE (IF PRESENT) FOOTER LOG FINISHED GRADE FOOTER LOG BURIED BETWEEN 1 3 AND 2 3 DIAMETER OF LOG 60°- 90° XS2 XS1 GENERAL NOTES: 1.LOGS SHALL BE 8-12 INCHES IN DIAMETER AND AT LEAST 10 FEET LONG. 2.BOULDERS SHALL HAVE ITS SMALLEST DIMENSION GREATER THAN LOG DIAMETER. PLAN VIEW NOT TO SCALE SECTION NOT TO SCALE SECTION NOT TO SCALE FLOODPLAIN LOG HABITAT FEATURE DETAIL NOT TO SCALE LOG BURIED INTO BANK 2'-3' DIAMETER BOULDERS ON TOP OF LOG EDGE OF BANKFULL CHANNEL 12" MINIMUM DIAMETER LOG, 8' MINIMUM LENGTH BURY LOG WITH BOULDER INTO BANK EXPOSED LENGTH (APPROX. 3.5') BURIED LENGTH (APPROX. 7.5') 6" - 9" DIAMETER LOG, 11' MINIMUM LENGTH PLACE LOG SUCH THAT TOP OF STRUCTURE IS BELOW THE DOWNSTREAM RIFFLE CREST ℄ 24" BURIED BOULDER TO ANCHOR LOG IN FLOODPLAIN. TOP OF BOULDER TO BE COVERED BY 6" SOIL MIXED WITH STREAMBED MATERIAL. 24" BOULDERS PLACED ALONG EITHER SIDE OF LOG TO ANCHOR TO STABILIZE LOG IN BANK ~10°-15° EXACT ELEVATION AND LOCATION OF SPOT TREATMENT BOULDERS TO BE DIRECTED BY ENGINEER IN THE FIELD ℄ BURY BOULDER HALFWAY INTO STREAM SUBSTRATE BOTTOM OF FEATURE BOULDER TO BE BELOW ADJACENT THALWEG SUPPLEMENT EXISTING STREAM SUBSTRATE AS NEEDED 2 TIMES D50 SPACING BETWEEN MID-CHANNEL FEATURE BOULDERS TOP OF BANK FEATURE BOULDER CLUSTER TO BE PLACED ON OUTSIDE BANKS AND THROUGH THE 'RUN' OR WHERE SHOWN ON PLAN AND PROFILE SHEETS. KEY TWO BOULDERS INTO BANK. APPROX 0.5 TO 1 TIMES D50 BETWEEN BOULDERS PART OF A CLUSTER LMC DTL/SDS SDS SHOWN MEMBER UTILITIES FOR THE MARKING OF UNDERGROUND BEFORE YOU DIG, GRADE, OR EXCAVATE CALL 3-BUSINESS DAYS IN ADVANCE CENTER OF COLORADO OR CALL UTILITY NOTIFICATION 1-800-922-1987 811 CALL COLORADO SCALE DETAIL CHECK DESIGN Pl o t D a t e / T i m e : 1 0 / 1 6 / 2 0 2 5 , 0 9 : 2 5 : 4 3 A M ; G : \ W W E \ 1 9 1 - 0 2 6 \ 0 7 0 \ C A D \ 0 2 _ D W G S \ P L A N S \ D T X X - D E T A I L S . D W G - T Y P I C A L D E T A I L S ( 0 2 ) SHEET NO. JOB NO. REVISION NO. DATE WRIGHT WATER ENGINEERS, INC. GLENWOOD SPRINGS, CO 81602 (970)945-7755 FAX(970)945-9210 818 COLORADO AVE. P.O. BOX 219 NOT FOR CONSTRUCTION DRAFT 191-026.070VAIL GOLF CLUB - GORE CREEK ENHANCEMENT PLAN - CONCEPT DESIGNS 10/16/25 10/16/25 10/16/25 TYPICAL DETAILS NOTE: 1.DEPICTED FLOODPLAIN WALL HABITAT FEATURE, LOCATED AT RECENTLY COMPLETED RESTORATION. PLAN VIEW NTS SECTION VIEW NTS LOG STRUCTURE DETAIL FLOW DIRECTION DT02 BOULDER PLACEMENT EXAMPLE BOULDER PLACEMENT DETAIL PLAN VIEW NTS SECTION VIEW NTS FLOODPLAIN LOG HABITAT FEATURE EXAMPLE 22 5 APPROX. CHANNEL OVERBANK (TYP.) APPROX. TOP OF BANK (TYP.) APPROX. PROPOSED ALIGNMENT CENTERLINE THALWEG TO BE DIRECTED TO OUTER 1 3 OF BANK THROUGH BENDWAYS APPROX. PROPOSED ALIGNMENT CENTERLINE THALWEG TO BE DIRECTED TO OUTER 1 3 OF BANK THROUGH BENDWAYS THALWEG TO BE CENTERED ALONG PROPOSED CHANNEL ALIGNMENT THROUGH CRESTS AND STRAIGHT CHANNEL SECTIONS RIFFLE RUN POOL GLIDE RIFFLE TOP OF BANK SEE SHEET PP02 STREAMBED MATERIAL SILL BOULDERS AT TOP OF RUN PROPOSED THALWEG PROFILE, SEE PP02 TOTAL POOL DEPTH TOTAL RIFFLE DEPTH GLIDE RUN POOL EXCAVATED POOL EXTENTS. SEE PLAN HATCH. TYPICAL BIOLOG PLACEMENT ON OUTSIDE BANK BANKFULL WSE TOP OF BANK SEE SHEET PP02 TOP OF BANK SEE SHEET PP02 BURIED SILL BOULDER EXTENT BURIED SILL BOULDER EXTENT SILL BOULDER CREST EXTEND TYPE H BURIED RIPRAP SILL EXTEND TYPE H BURIED RIPRAP SILL USE STREAMBED MATERIAL TO CHINK ALL VOIDS BETWEEN BOULDERS. BURY BOULDERS PLACED AT AND BEHIND THE TOP OF BANK. REVEGETATE OVERBANKS PER REVEGETATION PLANS. WOOD STRAW TO EXTEND FROM TOP OF BANK TO LIMITS OF DISTURBANCE BIOLOG AND KOIR BLANKETS WOOD STRAW TO EXTEND FROM TOP OF BANK TO LIMITS OF DISTURBANCE PLACE SILL BOULDERS AT GRADE THROUGH BANKFULL CHANNEL. PLACE BOULDERS AND BURIED RIPRAP SILLS ON COMPACTED SUBGRADE VOIDS BETWEEN SILL BOULDERS SHALL BE FILLED WITH STREAMBED MATERIAL BURIED RIPRAP SILL SHOULD CONSIST OF RIPRAP AND MIXED WITH STREAMBED MATERIAL TO FILL LARGER VOIDS. SILLS SHALL BE BURIED BELOW FINISHED GRADE LMC DTL/SDS SDS SHOWN MEMBER UTILITIES FOR THE MARKING OF UNDERGROUND BEFORE YOU DIG, GRADE, OR EXCAVATE CALL 3-BUSINESS DAYS IN ADVANCE CENTER OF COLORADO OR CALL UTILITY NOTIFICATION 1-800-922-1987 811 CALL COLORADO SCALE DETAIL CHECK DESIGN Pl o t D a t e / T i m e : 1 0 / 1 6 / 2 0 2 5 , 0 9 : 2 5 : 4 6 A M ; G : \ W W E \ 1 9 1 - 0 2 6 \ 0 7 0 \ C A D \ 0 2 _ D W G S \ P L A N S \ D T X X - D E T A I L S . D W G - T Y P I C A L D E T A I L S ( 0 3 ) SHEET NO. JOB NO. REVISION NO. DATE WRIGHT WATER ENGINEERS, INC. GLENWOOD SPRINGS, CO 81602 (970)945-7755 FAX(970)945-9210 818 COLORADO AVE. P.O. BOX 219 NOT FOR CONSTRUCTION DRAFT 191-026.070VAIL GOLF CLUB - GORE CREEK ENHANCEMENT PLAN - CONCEPT DESIGNS 10/16/25 10/16/25 10/16/25 TYPICAL DETAILS - RIFFLE POOL STRUCTURE NOTES: 1.SMOOTH PARABOLIC TRANSITIONS SHOULD BE MADE AT ALL GRADE BREAKS WITH GRADUAL TRANSITIONS BETWEEN THE TYPICAL RIFFLE AND POOL SECTIONS. 2.THALWEG TO BE DIRECTED TO OUTER BANK THROUGH THE POOL (BENDWAY) SECTIONS AND CENTERED THROUGH THE RIFFLE (STRAIGHT) SECTIONS . SMOOTH TRANSITIONS SHALL BE MADE FROM RIFFLE TO POOL CHANNEL SECTIONS TYPICAL RIFFLE-POOL PATTERN TYPICAL RIFFLE-POOL PROFILE NOT TO SCALE TYPICAL SILL BOULDER SECTION NOT TO SCALE NOT TO SCALE DT03 22 6 WATER TABLE EX. SUBGRADE TO REMAIN PLACE ENDS OF WILLOW STAKES 6" MIN. INTO THE SEASONALLY SATURATED ZONE DRIVE OR PLANT WILLOW STAKES THROUGH OPENINGS IN COBBLE STREAM SUBSTRATE WILLOW CUTTING NOTES: 1.INTEGRATE STAKE PLANTING TECHNIQUES DURING ROCK PLACEMENT TO ENSURE CONTACT WITH NATIVE GROUND. 2.PLACE SOIL FILL AROUND CUTTINGS AND 'WATER IN' 3.2 STAKES PER LINEAR FOOT OF COBBLE TOE 2X SUBSTRATE D50 MIN. (TYP.) BOULDER SEE PLANS FOR SIZE STAKE 1'-3' O.C. EXTEND COBBLE 24" MIN OUTSIDE OF CHANNEL PLACE COIR MAT OVER STRAW, PLACED AT 2000 LB/AC. SEED AREA PRIOR TO PLACING STRAW.CONTINUE BLANKET THROUGH BANKFULL CHANNEL ANCHOR COIR MAT WITH 2"x4" WOODEN STAKES @ 24" O.C. (SEE TRENCH C DETAIL) ANCHOR COIR MAT WITH 2"x4" WOODEN STAKES @ 24" O.C. (SEE TRENCH C DETAIL) EROSION CONTROL BLANKET (AS NOTED), 6.5' OR 13' WIDE ROLL. TRIM AS NECESSARY TO END AT LIMITS SHOWN ON PLAN VIEWS. ANCHOR COIR MAT WITH 2"x4" WOODEN STAKES @ 24" O.C. (SEE TRENCH B DETAIL) 2"x4" STAKE (TYP.) COMPACTED BACKFILL (TYP.) 6" EROSION CONTROL BLANKET, TYP. 12" MIN. 6" MIN. EROSION CONTROL BLANKET PLACEMENT DETAIL NOT TO SCALE ANCHOR TRENCH FOR EROSION CONTROL BLANKET NOT TO SCALE EROSION CONTROL BLANKET INSTALLATION NOTES: 1.ALL DISTURBED AREAS TO BE REVEGETATED TO THEIR NATIVE CONDITION OUTSIDE OF BANKFULL CHANNEL. 2.EROSION CONTROL FABRIC (AS SPECIFIED ON THIS PLAN) SHALL BE PLACED ATOP STRAW UNDERLAYMENT AND SEEDED WITH TOPSOIL. EROSION CONTROL BLANKET PATTERN STAKING SHOULD BE CONSISTENT WITH SUPPLIER RECOMMENDATIONS AND COMPLETED IN A MANNER SUCH THAT THE BLANKET IS FLUSH AGAINST EACH GRADE BREAK.LOG DETAILS - WWELOG DETAILS - WWELOG DETAILS - WWELOG DETAILS - WWELMC DTL/SDS SDS SHOWN MEMBER UTILITIES FOR THE MARKING OF UNDERGROUND BEFORE YOU DIG, GRADE, OR EXCAVATE CALL 3-BUSINESS DAYS IN ADVANCE CENTER OF COLORADO OR CALL UTILITY NOTIFICATION 1-800-922-1987 811 CALL COLORADO SCALE DETAIL CHECK DESIGN Pl o t D a t e / T i m e : 1 0 / 1 6 / 2 0 2 5 , 0 9 : 2 5 : 5 5 A M ; G : \ W W E \ 1 9 1 - 0 2 6 \ 0 7 0 \ C A D \ 0 2 _ D W G S \ P L A N S \ D T X X - D E T A I L S . D W G - T Y P I C A L D E T A I L S ( 0 4 ) SHEET NO. JOB NO. REVISION NO. DATE WRIGHT WATER ENGINEERS, INC. GLENWOOD SPRINGS, CO 81602 (970)945-7755 FAX(970)945-9210 818 COLORADO AVE. P.O. BOX 219 NOT FOR CONSTRUCTION DRAFT 191-026.070VAIL GOLF CLUB - GORE CREEK ENHANCEMENT PLAN - CONCEPT DESIGNS WILLOW CUTTINGS IN COBBLE TOE NTS 10/16/25 10/16/25 10/16/25 TYPICAL DETAILS DT04 22 7 PROJECT NO 191-026.070 FIGURE 1VAIL GOLF CLUB - GORE CREEK ENHANCEMENT PLAN EXISTING CONDITIONS PHOTO MAP Path: G:\WWE\191-026\070\GIS\01_mxd\Existing Conditions Photo Map\Existing Conditions Photo Map.aprx EAGLE COUNTY, COLORADO ® 0 150 30075 Feet 1 7 3 9 2 8 Reference Map:0 2,000 4,0001,000 Feet Legend (WWE Observations 5/2/2025) Beaver Activity Bank Instability Exposed Utility Crossing Gore Creek Log Structure Culverts NOTE: PHOTO'S AND DRONE IMAGERY TAKEN BY WWE ON MAY 2, 2025 SITE VISIT Print to PDF: 6/27/2025 3:18 PM LOW LYING FAIRWAY WITH FLOODING CONCERNS STORMWATER OUTFALL WITH LIMITED VEGETATION EXISTING LOG REVETMENT DILAPIDATED POND OUTFALL HEADGATE PONDS WITH MINIMAL WATER BANK EROSION NEAR GAS LINE EROSION BEHIND LARGE BOULDERS LIMITED RIPARIAN AREA ALONG GREEN LIMITED VEGETATION ALONG BANK DRONE PERSPECTIVE SHOWING LIMITED CHANNEL COMPLEXITY EXPOSED UTILITIES ALONG BANK EXISTING LOG CRIBBING EXPOSED UTILITY CROSSING CREEK 228 PROJECT NO 191-026.070 FIGURE 2VAIL GOLF CLUB - GORE CREEK ENHANCEMENT PLAN EXISTING CONDITIONS PHOTO MAP Path: G:\WWE\191-026\070\GIS\01_mxd\Existing Conditions Photo Map\Existing Conditions Photo Map.aprx EAGLE COUNTY, COLORADO ® 0 150 30075 Feet 11 18 9 1 10 Reference Map:0 2,000 4,0001,000 Feet Legend (WWE Observations 5/2/2025) Beaver Activity Bank Instability Exposed Utility Crossing Gore Creek Log Structure Culverts NOTE: PHOTO'S AND DRONE IMAGERY TAKEN BY WWE ON MAY 2, 2025 SITE VISIT Print to PDF: 6/27/2025 5:02 PM OVERGROWN WILLOWS IN ROADSIDE DITCH WELL CONFIGURED DROP STRUCTURE LIMITED CHANNEL COMPLEXITY BANK EROSION AND EXPOSED UTILITIES TYPICAL BANK EROSION AT DROPS EXISTING DROP STRUCTURE TYPICAL BANK EROSION AT DROPS BANK EROSION UNTREATED STORMWATER OUTFALL STORMWATER OUTFALL TO RIPARIAN AREA DRONE PERSPECTIVE SHOWING LIMITED CHANNEL COMPLEXITY FEATURE BOULDERS WITH BANK EROSION EXISTING DROP STRUCTURE 229 PROJECT NO 191-026.070 FIGURE 3VAIL GOLF CLUB - GORE CREEK ENHANCEMENT PLAN EXISTING CONDITIONS PHOTO MAP Path: G:\WWE\191-026\070\GIS\01_mxd\Existing Conditions Photo Map\Existing Conditions Photo Map.aprx EAGLE COUNTY, COLORADO ® 0 150 30075 Feet 17 18 16 11 12 Reference Map:0 2,000 4,0001,000 Feet Legend (WWE Observations 5/2/2025) Beaver Activity Bank Instability Exposed Utility Crossing Gore Creek Log Structure Culverts NOTE: PHOTO'S AND DRONE IMAGERY TAKEN BY WWE ON MAY 2, 2025 SITE VISIT Print to PDF: 7/3/2025 9:51 AM DRY POND DUE TO LIMITED WATER CONTROL LIMITED RIPARIAN VEGETATION AND OVERSTORY COVER AROUND LAKES BANK EROSION ALONG SOUTH SIDE OF RIVER IRRIGATION DIVERSION STRUCTURE BRIDGE LIMITED OVERSTORY IN MAINTENANCE AREA EDUCATION SIGNAGE ALONG RIVER BANK EROSION ALONG NORTH SIDE OF RIVER HOLE 11: PROPOSED AREA OF REALIGNMENT OVERWIDENED SECTION WITH MINIMAL COMPLEXITY DIVERSION DROP STRUCTURE WITH BANK EROSION EROSION AND LIMITED VEGETATION ALONG FAIRWAY LIMITED OVERSTORY AND PATH PROTECTION ON SOUTH SIDE OF RIVER 230 PROJECT NO 191-026.070 FIGURE 4VAIL GOLF CLUB - GORE CREEK ENHANCEMENT PLAN EXISTING CONDITIONS PHOTO MAP Path: G:\WWE\191-026\070\GIS\01_mxd\Existing Conditions Photo Map\Existing Conditions Photo Map.aprx EAGLE COUNTY, COLORADO ® 0 150 30075 Feet 15 16 12 14 13 Reference Map:0 2,000 4,0001,000 Feet Legend (WWE Observations 5/2/2025) Beaver Activity Bank Instability Exposed Utility Crossing Gore Creek Log Structure Culverts NOTE: PHOTO'S AND DRONE IMAGERY TAKEN BY WWE ON MAY 2, 2025 SITE VISIT Print to PDF: 7/3/2025 9:50 AM HOLE 15: TEE BOX VIEW LIMITED OVERSTORY AND PATH PROTECTION ON SOUTH SIDE OF RIVER BOULDER STREAMBANK STABILIZATION WITH LIMITED VEGETATION LIMITED VEGETATION ALONG BANKS NEAR 14 GREEN LIMITED VEGETATION ALONG BANKS NEAR 14 TEE BOX BEAVER ACTIVITY BACKWATER UPSTREAM OF BEAVER HABITAT LIMITED CHANNEL COMPLEXITY AND OVERWIDENED LOCATION OF EXPOSED SANITARY SEWER BRIDGE LIMITED RIPARIAN AREA ALONG NORTH SIDE OF RIVER NEW BRIDGE WITH LIMITED RIPARIAN VEGETATION EXISTING LOG CRIBBING 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 111+00 10+00 15+00 20+00 25+00 30+00 35+00 40+00 45+00 50+00 55+00 60 + 0 0 65+00 70 + 0 0 75+00 80+0 0 85+ 0 0 90+ 0 0 95+0 0 100+00 105 + 0 0 110+00 REACH 1 REACH 2 REACH 3 HISTORICAL MEANDER DIVERSION STRUCTURE GRADE CONTROL STRUCTURES CREEK CROSSING STRUCTURES 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 16 15 1718 1 2 3 4 GORE CREEK CENTERLINE ALIGNMENT FLOW GORE CREEK CENTERLINE ALIGNMENT PROFILE 8190 8195 8200 8205 8210 8215 8220 8225 8230 8235 8240 8245 8250 8255 8260 8265 8270 8275 8280 8285 8290 8190 8195 8200 8205 8210 8215 8220 8225 8230 8235 8240 8245 8250 8255 8260 8265 8270 8275 8280 8285 8290 10+00 15+00 20+00 25+00 30+00 35+00 40+00 45+00 50+00 55+00 60+00 65+00 70+00 75+00 80+00 85+00 90+00 95+00 100+00 105+00 110+00111+00 LOCATION OF DIVERSION STRUCTURE REACH 1 OVERALL P R O J E C T S L O P E : 0 . 8 2 % 0.8% 0.9% REACH 2 REACH 3 0.9% MAN-MADE GRADE CONTROL STRUCTURE VAIL VALLEY DRIVE GORE CREEK CROSSING GOLF CART PATHS GOLF CART PATH 400 800 FT4000 0 400400 0 2020 VERTICALHORIZONTAL 800 FT 40 FT NORTH PLAN PROFILE LMC DTL/SDS SDS SHOWN MEMBER UTILITIES FOR THE MARKING OF UNDERGROUND BEFORE YOU DIG, GRADE, OR EXCAVATE CALL 3-BUSINESS DAYS IN ADVANCE CENTER OF COLORADO OR CALL UTILITY NOTIFICATION 1-800-922-1987 811 CALL COLORADO SCALE DETAIL CHECK DESIGN Pl o t D a t e / T i m e : 1 0 / 0 6 / 2 0 2 5 , 0 6 : 2 5 : 2 9 P M ; G : \ W W E \ 1 9 1 - 0 2 6 \ 0 7 0 \ C A D \ 0 2 _ D W G S \ E X H I B I T S \ P P X X _ O V E R A L L . D W G - P P O V E R A L L SHEET NO. JOB NO. REVISION NO. DATE WRIGHT WATER ENGINEERS, INC. GLENWOOD SPRINGS, CO 81602 (970)945-7755 FAX(970)945-9210 818 COLORADO AVE. P.O. BOX 219 NOT FOR CONSTRUCTION DRAFT 191-026.070 10/6/2025 xxx 10/6/2025 10/6/2025 GORE CREEK: OVERALL PLAN AND PROFILE VAIL GOLF CLUB - GORE CREEK ENHANCEMENT PLAN NOTE: 1.ALIGNMENT AND PROFILE ARE BASED UPON CWCB'S 2016 LIDAR LEGEND: EXISTING MAJOR CONTOUR EXISTING MINOR CONTOUR HOLE ALIGNMENT/ NUMBER GORE CREEK CENTERLINE (2025 AERIAL) HISTORICAL MEANDER (1955 AERIAL) 100-YEAR FLOODPLAIN BOUNDARY 2-YEAR FLOODPLAIN BOUNDARY 15 9780' 9781' 24 0 241 242 Vail Golf Club - Gore Creek Enhancement Plan Community Outreach Summary DHM DESIGN – SEPTEMBER 2025 243 1 | Page Introduction This document outlines the purpose and need of the project, project goals, strategic goals of the outreach, various methods utilized in the public engagement process, and the discovered outcomes of that process. This document can be updated after any subsequent outreach efforts as necessary. Project Purpose and Need The overall purpose and need for the Vail Golf Club – Gore Creek Enhancement Plan is to address multiple environmental challenges associated with Gore Creek within the Vail Golf Club. Gore Creek has been listed as an “impaired waterway” by the Colorado Department of Public Health and the Environment (CDPHE) since 2012. Several initiatives including the Town of Vail Stream Corridor Protection Ordinance, the Gore Creek Strategic Action Plan (Restore the Gore), and the Town of Vail Strategic Action Plan have been initiated to protect and enhance Gore Creek within the Vail Valley. The goals of this Enhancement Plan directly align with the goals of these three initiatives. The Town of Vail Stream Corridor Protection Ordinance was adopted to protect and restore Gore Creek and consists of two parts. The first is the establishment of a 10-foot “no-mow- zone” along streams and creeks within Vail to restore and protect riparian habitat. The second is to change the required building setbacks from waterways from a centerline- based setback to a 25-foot setback from the Two-Year Flood Line. The Gore Creek Strategic Action Plan (Restore the Gore) provides a framework to address current water quality impairments and aquatic health issues affecting Gore Creek and its tributaries. The plant targets three known causes of degradation including urban runoff, drainage from impervious surfaces, and the loss of riparian and streamside vegetation. The Town of Vail Strategic Action plan has set a goal for the Gore Creek to achieve passing multi-metric index (MMI) scores consistent with CDPHE requirements to no longer be listed as a 303(d) impaired waterway by 2029. Project Goals i) Improve stream channel conditions to more closely resemble natural hydrology. ii) Improve floodplain connectivity and reduce golf course flooding during peak runoff. iii) Enhance and restore riparian vegetation to shade the creek and ponds. iv) Reduce algae in ponds. v) Reduce dead vegetation and potential wildfire fuel sources. vi) Reduce landscape chemical use and their ecological impacts. 244 2 | Page vii) Consider opportunities to adjust alignment of both the stream channel and golf course features. viii) Enhance biodiversity on Golf Course and Golf Course reach of Gore Creek. Public Outreach Strategic Purpose i) To inform ii) To build awareness iii) To listen iv) To communicate the needs for the project v) To engage stakeholders Planning and Documentation The project team, including staff from Wright Water Engineers, DHM Design, Town of Vail, Vail Recreation District, and Atkinson Design, met regularly in the first half of 2025 to refine the project needs and goals, and identify initial focus areas. Bi-weekly virtual meetings and several in-person ideation sessions were held with the team to compile ideas and start the mapping process. This led to the creation of an overall map, spanning the entire golf course, showing all proposed interventions and improvements. The course was then separated into six enlargement zones to focus on the improvements in each zone. In addition to improvement maps, the team put together utility maps, historic aerial exhibits, existing conditions maps and photos, and hydrological mapping. The team completed an iterative map refinement process with several rounds of internal feedback from staff at the Town of Vail, Vail Recreation District, and Wright Water Engineers to land on final presentation materials for the outreach process. Key Audiences i) River recreationists ii) Vail Golf Club members and players iii) Property owners on Gore Creek iv) General public Awareness and Advertising Information about the outreach events was distributed via the Town of Vail website, a newspaper notice, an advertisement in the Vail Recreation District newsletter, and posts on social media. 245 3 | Page Events Held The project was first introduced to the Planning and Environmental Commission (PEC) at the Town of Vail on July 14th, 2025, in the Council Chambers as an information update. The materials presented to the PEC included descriptions of the key areas of concern, a hydrological evaluation, existing conditions photographs, planning maps, and a summary of the proposed plan. Then the project team conducted a public outreach event at the Vail Golf Club on July 22nd, 2025. The outreach event was advertised via the Town of Vail website, a newspaper notice, an advertisement in the Vail Recreation District newsletter, and a post on Facebook. This event was open to the public and intended to inform the community about the project, why it is important, and to listen to their feedback. The event included a short presentation to brief attendees on the project and then became an open house style event where attendees could engage with the maps and speak with project team members. This event was attended by approximately 60 individuals, and those individuals were asked to provide feedback on the project. A list of attendees is included in Attachment 3. Maps and other documentation presented at the public meeting are included in Attachment 1 of this report. Outcomes / Comment Analysis The public feedback can be grouped into four main categories: golf playability concerns, support of the creek re-route, cost concerns, and general notes. All written comments received are included in Attachment 5 of this report. Several comments focused on maintaining and enhancing the playability of the golf course. Specific suggestions include moving tee #7 to the north side of the creek, splitting bunker 3 to either side of the fairway, and keeping the sand traps in place on hole #8. Overall, the commenters emphasized maintaining a functional and enjoyable course for players. Figure 1 - Pete and Scott presenting at the public open house. 246 4 | Page Feedback from the attendees was generally in favor of the creek re-route plan, particularly for Option 2. Many commenters believe a meandering creek offers the greatest environmental benefits while improving water runoff safety. A commenter expressed their concern about the overall cost of the project. They suggested starting with a simpler, more cost-effective approach before undergoing the large-scale plan. General notes include calling for better public education regarding the environmental aspects of the project and the current condition of the creek. There were questions about the use of organic pesticides and the proximity of the project to nearby property lines. Next Steps Currently, t here are four anticipated upcoming meetings occurring in the fall of 2025 and winter of 2026. i) November 10th: Work session with the Planning and Environmental Commission j) December 8th: Present final to the Planning and Environmental Commission for approval k) January 6th: First presentation to town council l) January 20th: Final presentation to town council for approval 247 5 | Page ATTACHMENT 1: OUTREACH BOARDS 248 7 8 2 3 3 0 100 2005025 300 Scale: 1”:100’249 2 9 0 100 2005025 300 Scale: 1”:100’250 2 9 0 100 2005025 300 Scale: 1”:100’251 2 9 0 100 2005025 300 Scale: 1”:100’252 10 18 0 100 2005025 300 Scale: 1”:100’253 11 17 0 100 2005025 300 Scale: 1”:100’254 12 16 15 15 0 100 2005025 300 Scale: 1”:100’255 13 14 0 100 2005025 300 Scale: 1”:100’ 256 7 8 2 9 1 10 18 11 17 12 16 15 13 14 15 0 100 2005025 300 Scale: 1”:100’ 257 PROJECT NO 191-026.070 FIGURE 1VAIL GOLF CLUB - GORE CREEK ENHANCEMENT PLAN EXISTING CONDITIONS PHOTO MAP Path: G:\WWE\191-026\070\GIS\01_mxd\Existing Conditions Photo Map\Existing Conditions Photo Map.aprx EAGLE COUNTY, COLORADO ® 0 150 30075 Feet 1 7 3 9 2 8 Reference Map:0 2,000 4,0001,000 Feet Legend (WWE Observations 5/2/2025) Beaver Activity Bank Instability Exposed Utility Crossing Gore Creek Log Structure Culverts NOTE: PHOTO'S AND DRONE IMAGERY TAKEN BY WWE ON MAY 2, 2025 SITE VISIT Print to PDF: 6/27/2025 3:18 PM LOW LYING FAIRWAY WITH FLOODING CONCERNS STORMWATER OUTFALL WITH LIMITED VEGETATION EXISTING LOG REVETMENT DILAPIDATED POND OUTFALL HEADGATE PONDS WITH MINIMAL WATER BANK EROSION NEAR GAS LINE EROSION BEHIND LARGE BOULDERS LIMITED RIPARIAN AREA ALONG GREEN LIMITED VEGETATION ALONG BANK DRONE PERSPECTIVE SHOWING LIMITED CHANNEL COMPLEXITY EXPOSED UTILITIES ALONG BANK EXISTING LOG CRIBBING EXPOSED UTILITY CROSSING CREEK 258 PROJECT NO 191-026.070 FIGURE 2VAIL GOLF CLUB - GORE CREEK ENHANCEMENT PLAN EXISTING CONDITIONS PHOTO MAP Path: G:\WWE\191-026\070\GIS\01_mxd\Existing Conditions Photo Map\Existing Conditions Photo Map.aprx EAGLE COUNTY, COLORADO ® 0 150 30075 Feet 11 18 9 1 10 Reference Map:0 2,000 4,0001,000 Feet Legend (WWE Observations 5/2/2025) Beaver Activity Bank Instability Exposed Utility Crossing Gore Creek Log Structure Culverts NOTE: PHOTO'S AND DRONE IMAGERY TAKEN BY WWE ON MAY 2, 2025 SITE VISIT Print to PDF: 6/27/2025 5:02 PM OVERGROWN WILLOWS IN ROADSIDE DITCH WELL CONFIGURED DROP STRUCTURE LIMITED CHANNEL COMPLEXITY BANK EROSION AND EXPOSED UTILITIES TYPICAL BANK EROSION AT DROPS EXISTING DROP STRUCTURE TYPICAL BANK EROSION AT DROPS BANK EROSION UNTREATED STORMWATER OUTFALL STORMWATER OUTFALL TO RIPARIAN AREA DRONE PERSPECTIVE SHOWING LIMITED CHANNEL COMPLEXITY FEATURE BOULDERS WITH BANK EROSION EXISTING DROP STRUCTURE 259 PROJECT NO 191-026.070 FIGURE 3VAIL GOLF CLUB - GORE CREEK ENHANCEMENT PLAN EXISTING CONDITIONS PHOTO MAP Path: G:\WWE\191-026\070\GIS\01_mxd\Existing Conditions Photo Map\Existing Conditions Photo Map.aprx EAGLE COUNTY, COLORADO ® 0 150 30075 Feet 17 18 16 11 12 Reference Map:0 2,000 4,0001,000 Feet Legend (WWE Observations 5/2/2025) Beaver Activity Bank Instability Exposed Utility Crossing Gore Creek Log Structure Culverts NOTE: PHOTO'S AND DRONE IMAGERY TAKEN BY WWE ON MAY 2, 2025 SITE VISIT Print to PDF: 7/3/2025 9:51 AM DRY POND DUE TO LIMITED WATER CONTROL LIMITED RIPARIAN VEGETATION AND OVERSTORY COVER AROUND LAKES BANK EROSION ALONG SOUTH SIDE OF RIVER IRRIGATION DIVERSION STRUCTURE BRIDGE LIMITED OVERSTORY IN MAINTENANCE AREA EDUCATION SIGNAGE ALONG RIVER BANK EROSION ALONG NORTH SIDE OF RIVER HOLE 11: PROPOSED AREA OF REALIGNMENT OVERWIDENED SECTION WITH MINIMAL COMPLEXITY DIVERSION DROP STRUCTURE WITH BANK EROSION EROSION AND LIMITED VEGETATION ALONG FAIRWAY LIMITED OVERSTORY AND PATH PROTECTION ON SOUTH SIDE OF RIVER 260 PROJECT NO 191-026.070 FIGURE 4VAIL GOLF CLUB - GORE CREEK ENHANCEMENT PLAN EXISTING CONDITIONS PHOTO MAP Path: G:\WWE\191-026\070\GIS\01_mxd\Existing Conditions Photo Map\Existing Conditions Photo Map.aprx EAGLE COUNTY, COLORADO ® 0 150 30075 Feet 15 16 12 14 13 Reference Map:0 2,000 4,0001,000 Feet Legend (WWE Observations 5/2/2025) Beaver Activity Bank Instability Exposed Utility Crossing Gore Creek Log Structure Culverts NOTE: PHOTO'S AND DRONE IMAGERY TAKEN BY WWE ON MAY 2, 2025 SITE VISIT Print to PDF: 7/3/2025 9:50 AM HOLE 15: TEE BOX VIEW LIMITED OVERSTORY AND PATH PROTECTION ON SOUTH SIDE OF RIVER BOULDER STREAMBANK STABILIZATION WITH LIMITED VEGETATION LIMITED VEGETATION ALONG BANKS NEAR 14 GREEN LIMITED VEGETATION ALONG BANKS NEAR 14 TEE BOX BEAVER ACTIVITY BACKWATER UPSTREAM OF BEAVER HABITAT LIMITED CHANNEL COMPLEXITY AND OVERWIDENED LOCATION OF EXPOSED SANITARY SEWER BRIDGE LIMITED RIPARIAN AREA ALONG NORTH SIDE OF RIVER NEW BRIDGE WITH LIMITED RIPARIAN VEGETATION EXISTING LOG CRIBBING 261 Path: G:\WWE\191-026\070\GIS\01_mxd\GoreCreekGolfCourse_ArcPro_Copy.aprx 1955 - HISTORICAL AERIAL USGS EARTH EXPLORER EAGLE COUNTY, COLORADO PROJECT NO 191-026.070 FIGURE 1 0 300 600150 Feet ® VAIL GOLF CLUB - GORE CREEK ENHANCEMENT PLAN 7 3 181 2 10 98 15 17 18 1411 13 16 12 Legend Gore Creek Centerline Source 1955 USGS Aerial 1962 Atkinson Design Group 1969 USGS Aerial HEC-RAS 2D Model (2022 Aerial) Note: 1. Historical aerial image downloaded from USGS's Earth Explorer. Gore Creek Flow Gore Creek Flow 262 Path: G:\WWE\191-026\070\GIS\01_mxd\GoreCreekGolfCourse_ArcPro_Copy.aprx 1962 - HISTORICAL AERIAL ATKINSON DESIGN GROUP EAGLE COUNTY, COLORADO PROJECT NO 191-026.070 FIGURE 2 0 300 600150 Feet ® VAIL GOLF CLUB - GORE CREEK ENHANCEMENT PLAN 7 3 181 2 10 98 15 17 18 1411 13 16 12 Legend Gore Creek Centerline Source 1955 USGS Aerial 1962 Atkinson Design Group 1969 USGS Aerial HEC-RAS 2D Model (2022 Aerial) Notes: 1. Historical aerial imagery provided by Atkins Design Group only covers downstream portion of Project area. 2. The upstream portion of the Project area reflects the 1955 historical aerial from USGS's Earth Explorer. Gore Creek Flow Gore Creek Flow 263 Path: G:\WWE\191-026\070\GIS\01_mxd\GoreCreekGolfCourse_ArcPro_Copy.aprx 1969 - HISTORICAL AERIAL USGS EARTH EXPLORER EAGLE COUNTY, COLORADO PROJECT NO 191-026.070 FIGURE 3 0 300 600150 Feet ® VAIL GOLF CLUB - GORE CREEK ENHANCEMENT PLAN 7 3 181 2 10 98 15 17 18 1411 13 16 12 Legend Gore Creek Centerline Source 1955 USGS Aerial 1962 Atkinson Design Group 1969 USGS Aerial HEC-RAS 2D Model (2022 Aerial) Note: 1. Historical aerial image downloaded from USGS's Earth Explorer. Gore Creek Flow Gore Creek Flow 264 Path: G:\WWE\191-026\070\GIS\01_mxd\GoreCreekGolfCourse_ArcPro_Copy.aprx 2022 - HISTORICAL AERIAL TOWN OF VAIL EAGLE COUNTY, COLORADO PROJECT NO 191-026.070 FIGURE 4 0 300 600150 Feet ® VAIL GOLF CLUB - GORE CREEK ENHANCEMENT PLAN 7 3 181 2 10 98 15 17 18 1411 13 16 12 Legend Gore Creek Centerline Source 1955 USGS Aerial 1962 Atkinson Design Group 1969 USGS Aerial HEC-RAS 2D Model (2022 Aerial) Note: 1. Historical aerial image provided by the Town of Vail. Gore Creek Flow Gore Creek Flow 265 Path: G:\WWE\191-026\070\GIS\01_mxd\GoreCreekGolfCourse_ArcPro_Copy.aprx EFFECTIVE FLOODPLAIN VS. 2D MODELED FLOODPLAIN FEMA EFF NFHL VS HEC-RAS 2D MODEL RESULTS EAGLE COUNTY, COLORADO PROJECT NO 191-026.070 FIGURE XX 0 300 600150 Feet ® VAIL GOLF CLUB - GORE CREEK ENHANCEMENT PLAN Ho mest a k e Cir 70 70 Vail Valley Dr Va i lV all e y D rHornsilverCir S Frontage Rd E Vail Valle y Dr 70 70 V a i l V al le y D r Vail V alley Dr Golf Ter Golf T e r Spring H i l l Ln Sunburst Dr S Fron tage Rd E 70 70 70 70 Sunburst D r Su n bu rst D r Fall R i d g eRd G ol f T e rGolf T e r G o l f L n S F r o n t age R d E Vail Golf Cl ub 8 2 1 5 f t 8 2 3 8 f t 82 1 5 f t 8 2 3 0 f t 82 2 4 f t 8 2 3 2 f t 8 2 2 8 f t 82 2 5 f t 82 2 6 f t 82 3 5 f t 8 2 0 6 f t 82 1 0 ft 8 2 1 3 f t 8 2 2 1 f t 8 2 1 8 f t A I A J AK A M AL 7 3 181 2 10 98 70 70 S Fr o nt a ge Rd E Gore Creek Su n b u r s t D r Gore C r e ek 70 70 S F r on tag e R d E G or e C re e k Go r e C re e k 70 70 Aspen Ln S F r o n tage R d E Fro n tage R d E 8 2 7 0 f t 82 4 6 f t 82 4 2 f t 8 2 3 8 f t 8 2 6 2 f t 8 2 6 6 f t 82 5 0 f t 82 7 3 f t 82 8 3 f t 82 8 5 f t 82 7 6 f t 8 2 5 8 f t 8 2 8 0 f t 82 5 5 f t AQ AM A P AO AR AN 15 17 18 1411 13 16 12 Legend Parcel Data (Eagle County) Approx Golf Hole Alignments Approx Hole Locations DRAFT 100-Year Floodplain Extents (by Others) FEMA Flood Hazard Areas 1% Annual Chance Flood Hazard Area Floodway Cross Sections Base Flood Elevations Note: 1. HEC-RAS 2D model was developed by River Restoration in 2023. Gore Creek Flow 1,930 cfs Gore Creek Flow 1,840 cfs 1 0 0 - Y e a r F l o w C h a n g e 266 Path: G:\WWE\191-026\070\GIS\01_mxd\GoreCreekGolfCourse_ArcPro_Copy.aprx 2-YEAR MAXIMUM DEPTH HEC-RAS 2D MODEL RESULTS EAGLE COUNTY, COLORADO PROJECT NO 191-026.070 FIGURE XX 0 300 600 Feet ® Ho mest a k e Cir 70 70 Vail Valley Dr Va i lV all e y D rHornsilverCir S Frontage Rd E Vail Valle y Dr 70 70 V a i l V al le y D r Vail V alley Dr Golf Ter Golf T e r Spring H i l l Ln Sunburst Dr S Fron tage Rd E 70 70 70 70 Sunburst D r Su n bu rst D r Fall R i d g eRd G ol f T e rGolf T e r G o l f L n S F r o n t age R d E Vail Golf Cl ub 7 3 181 2 10 98 70 70 S Fr o nt a ge Rd E Gore Creek Su n b u r s t D r Gore C r e ek 70 70 S F r on tag e R d E G or e C re e k Go r e C re e k 70 70 Aspen Ln S F r o n tage R d E Fro n tage R d E 15 17 18 1411 13 16 12 Legend Approx Golf Hole Alignments Approx Hole Locations Parcel Data (Eagle County) 2-Year Maximum Depth 0.0 - 0.1 0.1 - 1.0 1.0 - 3.0 3.0 - 5.0 5.0 - 10.0 VAIL GOLF CLUB - GORE CREEK ENHANCEMENT PLAN Notes: 1. HEC-RAS 2D model was developed by River Restoration in 2023. 2. The 2-year modeled flow rate is 823 cfs. Gore Creek Flow 823 cfs Gore Creek Flow 823 cfs 267 Path: G:\WWE\191-026\070\GIS\01_mxd\GoreCreekGolfCourse_ArcPro_Copy.aprx 100-YEAR MAXIMUM DEPTH HEC-RAS 2D MODEL RESULTS EAGLE COUNTY, COLORADO PROJECT NO 191-026.070 FIGURE XX 0 300 600 Feet ® Ho mest a k e Cir 70 70 Vail Valley Dr Va i lV all e y D rHornsilverCir S Frontage Rd E Vail Valle y Dr 70 70 V a i l V al le y D r Vail V alley Dr Golf Ter Golf T e r Spring H i l l Ln Sunburst Dr S Fron tage Rd E 70 70 70 70 Sunburst D r Su n bu rst D r Fall R i d g eRd G ol f T e rGolf T e r G o l f L n S F r o n t age R d E Vail Golf Cl ub 7 3 181 2 10 98 70 70 S Fr o nt a ge Rd E Gore Creek Su n b u r s t D r Gore C r e ek 70 70 S F r on tag e R d E G or e C re e k Go r e C re e k 70 70 Aspen Ln S F r o n tage R d E Fro n tage R d E 15 17 18 1411 13 16 12 Legend Approx Golf Hole Alignments Approx Hole Locations Parcel Data (Eagle County) 100-Year Maximum Depth [ft] 0.0 - 0.1 0.1 - 1.0 1.0 - 3.0 3.0 - 5.0 5.0 - 10.0 VAIL GOLF CLUB - GORE CREEK ENHANCEMENT PLAN Notes: 1. HEC-RAS 2D model was developed by River Restoration in 2023. 2. 100-year modeled flow rate is the Effective FIS flow: 1,840 cfs upstream of Hole 10, and 1,930 cfs downstream. 3. Inundation extents are not the FEMA Effective 100-year floodplain extents. Gore Creek Flow 1,930 cfs Gore Creek Flow 1,840 cfs 1 0 0 - Y e a r F l o w C h a n g e 268 Path: G:\WWE\191-026\070\GIS\01_mxd\GoreCreekGolfCourse_ArcPro_Copy.aprx 2-YEAR MAXIMUM VELOCITY HEC-RAS 2D MODEL RESULTS EAGLE COUNTY, COLORADO PROJECT NO 191-026.070 FIGURE XX 0 300 600150 Feet ® VAIL GOLF CLUB - GORE CREEK ENHANCEMENT PLAN 7 3 181 2 10 98 15 17 18 1411 13 16 12 Legend Parcel Data (Eagle County) Approx Golf Hole Alignments Approx Hole Locations 2-Year Maximum Velocity [ft/s] 0 - 1.5 1.5 - 3.0 3.0 - 5.0 5.0 - 10.0 10.0 - 12.0 12.0 - 16.5 Gore Creek Flow 823 cfs Gore Creek Flow 823 cfs Notes: 1. HEC-RAS 2D model was developed by River Restoration in 2023. 2. The 2-year modeled flow rate is 823 cfs. 269 Path: G:\WWE\191-026\070\GIS\01_mxd\GoreCreekGolfCourse_ArcPro_Copy.aprx 100-YEAR MAXIMUM VELOCITY HEC-RAS 2D MODEL RESULTS EAGLE COUNTY, COLORADO PROJECT NO 191-026.070 FIGURE XX 0 300 600150 Feet ® VAIL GOLF CLUB - GORE CREEK ENHANCEMENT PLAN 7 3 181 2 10 98 15 17 18 1411 13 16 12 Legend Parcel Data (Eagle County) Approx Golf Hole Alignments Approx Hole Locations 100-Year Maximum Velocity [ft/s] 0 - 1.5 1.5 - 3.0 3.0 - 5.0 5.0 - 10.0 10.0 - 12.0 12.0 - 16.5 Notes: 1. HEC-RAS 2D model was developed by River Restoration in 2023. 2. 100-year modeled flow rate is the Effective FIS flow: 1,840 cfs upstream of Hole 10, and 1,930 cfs downstream. 3. Inundation extents are not the FEMA Effective 100-year floodplain extents. Gore Creek Flow 1,930 cfs Gore Creek Flow 1,840 cfs 1 0 0 - Y e a r F l o w C h a n g e 270 Path: G:\WWE\191-026\070\GIS\01_mxd\GoreCreekGolfCourse_ArcPro_Copy.aprx 2-YEAR SHEAR STRESS HEC-RAS 2D MODEL RESULTS EAGLE COUNTY, COLORADO PROJECT NO 191-026.070 FIGURE XX 0 300 600150 Feet ® VAIL GOLF CLUB - GORE CREEK ENHANCEMENT PLAN 7 3 181 2 10 98 15 17 18 1411 13 16 12 Notes: 1. HEC-RAS 2D model was developed by River Restoration in 2023. 2. The 2-year modeled flow rate is 823 cfs. Gore Creek Flow 823 cfs Gore Creek Flow 823 cfs Legend Parcel Data (Eagle County) Approx Golf Hole Alignments Approx Hole Locations Shear Stress [lb/ft^2] 0.0 - 0.5 0.5 - 1.0 1.0 - 2.0 2.0 - 3.0 3.0 - 5.0 5.0 - 10.0 271 Path: G:\WWE\191-026\070\GIS\01_mxd\GoreCreekGolfCourse_ArcPro_Copy.aprx 100-YEAR SHEAR STRESS HEC-RAS 2D MODEL RESULTS EAGLE COUNTY, COLORADO PROJECT NO 191-026.070 FIGURE XX 0 300 600150 Feet ® VAIL GOLF CLUB - GORE CREEK ENHANCEMENT PLAN 7 3 181 2 10 98 15 17 18 1411 13 16 12 Notes: 1. HEC-RAS 2D model was developed by River Restoration in 2023. 2. 100-year modeled flow rate is the Effective FIS flow: 1,840 cfs upstream of Hole 10, and 1,930 cfs downstream. Gore Creek Flow 1,930 cfs Gore Creek Flow 1,840 cfs 1 0 0 - Y e a r F l o w C h a n g e Legend Parcel Data (Eagle County) Approx Hole Locations Approx Golf Hole Alignments Shear Stress [lb/ft^2] 0.0 - 0.5 0.5 - 1.0 1.0 - 2.0 2.0 - 3.0 3.0 - 5.0 5.0 - 10.0 10.0 - 20.0 272 Path: G:\WWE\191-026\070\GIS\01_mxd\GoreCreekGolfCourse_ArcPro_Copy.aprx UTILITY MAP TOWN OF VAIL EAGLE COUNTY, COLORADO PROJECT NO 191-026.070 FIGURE XX 0 300 600150 Feet ® VAIL GOLF CLUB - GORE CREEK ENHANCEMENT PLAN 7 3 181 2 10 98 15 17 18 1411 13 16 12 Legend Approx Golf Hole Alignments Approx Hole Locations Parcel Data (Eagle County) Golf Course Irrigation Main Line High Pressure Gas Line Well Sanitary Manhole Storm Manholes Storm Inlets Culvert Outfalls Note: 1. Utility information is in an approximate location, developed utilizing PDF information provided by ERWSD, Town of Vail, and Golf Club. Gore Creek Flow Gore Creek Flow 273 6 | Page ATTACHMENT 2: TOWN OF VAIL – GOVERNMENT FACEBOOK ADVERTISEMENT 274 275 7 | Page ATTACHMENT 3: OUTREACH EVENT SIGN IN SHEET 276 Name Phone #Email Would you like to receive future communication about this project? Kim Dixon 919-740-5584 kimydixon92@gmail.com Tom Ziko 919-630-8214 ThirdZ@aol.com Y Jim Gregg 970-904-8002 greggco@gmail.com Y Ken Wilson 970-390-1320 Jill Huddleston 802-370-1941 jillhud@aol.com Y Hud Huddleston 602-377-2866 hudhudco@aol.com Y Stephen Dowdle 847-778-6904 stephen@dowdle.net Y Mark Scott 303-888-4636 markscott28@msn.com Y David Rawlings 970-390-1986 Brent Kelley 314-781-8504 brentsone@sbcglobal.net Y Kirk Hansen 303-718-7140 kirkjhansen@msn.com Y Gerry Shea 970-331-9985 Steve Loftus 970-331-1861 y Diana Donovan 970-471-3993 dianadonovan@gmail.com Y Dick Cleveland 970-471-0336 invcleveland@gmail.com Kathy Hangenwalter 970-471-6233 laffinwater@gmail.com Beata Butts 970-306-3846 Wade Anderson 402-304-0993 wanderson134@gmail.com John Brust 415-215-4489 john.brust@gmail.com Rod Linafelter 303-522-8320 rlinzfelter@yahoo.com Y Stephanie Linafelter 303-596-0019 sjlinafelter@yahoo.com Y Gussie Ross 970-376-6086 imgussie@msn.com Y Tom Saalfeld 970-471-2028 ptarmmgtavail.net Y Kevin Foley 970-476-2718 krfvail79@yahoo.com Y Mary Rago 225-933-9915 mrago2@verizon.net Y Betsy Keller 314-603-6873 lando2437@gmail.com Wm Bresnahan 970-390-1915 bresgoca@aol.com Y Chris Brashear 415-317-0085 chrisbrashear100@gmail.com Y Debbie Greif 847-962-2110 greifdebbie@gmail.com John LaConte 970-306-3839 jlconte@vaildaily.com N Ken Lanuza 720-363-3013 klanuza@msn.com Y Dave McDougall 970-331-1420 mcdougallvail@hotmail.com Y John Reimers 704-277-3000 JohnReimers@mac.com Y Michael McDonald 970-393-9240 michaelmcdonald90@gmail.com Y Ernest Mark 303-449-1723 emark40@gmail.com Y Beth Mark 303-929-5174 bethmarkboulder@gmail.com Y Joanne Rock 970-401-5057 vbil244635@gmail.com Y Scott O'Connell 970-477-5264 scoconnell@vailrec.com Carol and Peter Cook 970-376-1290 cookie4639@gmail.com Y Todd Mossa 970-390-9859 toddmossa857@hotmail.com Y Rol Hamecin 970-390-5223 rolvail@aol.com Y Ingie Franberg 970-331-9817 ifranberg@aol.com Y Marco Valent 970-531-1600 mlvalenti23@gmail.com Y Kent Johnson 303-808-7511 kent1johnson@aol.com Y Gene Henry 678-480-4535 genehenry1943@gmail.com Y T & K Sorensen sorensen_fam@msn.com Y Tony Schissel 407-461-9263 tonyschissel@gmail.com Y Brian Butts 970-306-2619 brianb@solariusvail.com Y Jim Scalise 970-331-5425 hymedog1948@gmail.com Y Colby Lefebure 970-390-3679 colbylefebure89@gmail.com Y Blondie & Tom Vucich 970-376-3725 runblondie49@comcast.net Y Rich Simon 970-479-1274 drbsmd@aol.com JD Danni 307-631-4098 IDD800@gmail.com Y Stan Shiver 760-831-7881 Gina Grisafi 970-331-9957 ginagrisafi@comcast.net Y 277 8 | Page ATTATCHMENT 4: OUTREACH EVENT PHOTOS 278 9 | Page 279 10 | Page ATTATCHMENT 5: OUTREACH COMMENT SPREADSHEET 280 Date Category/Theme Comment Source Commentor Name 7/22/2025 Cost concerns One very costly project when I would first start with just cleaning up I-70 and frontage road chemicals and winter gravel dispersal. This would be much more cost effective. I have been here since I-70 was old Hwy 6 and the addition of chemicals and rocks has only decreased highway safety by raising the speeds at which incompetancy takes over. Start with simple cost effective solutions first. Map Comment Not Available 7/22/2025 General notes We don't enforce things that polute the creek. Let's address the critical pieces- break those out. Tourists don't like changes - they like to know how things work. This seems like a huge unecessary project. I do not support it as presented. There are other enviornmental issues such as overbuilding every lot that needs addressing. As usual this process does not really educate. You need a question-answer format so people hear both. I was active when we identified sand as a major problem and got the basins built on the pass. I cannot support it at this point - especially moving the creek. - Diana Donovan - always happy to talk Map Comment Diana Donovan 7/22/2025 Creek re-route Other states have between 50-100 foot protections for riparian buffer protection programs. 10 feet seems very small. Map Comment Not Available 7/22/2025 General notes How about organic pesticides?Map Comment Not Available 7/22/2025 Golf playability Move #7 tee box to north side of creek, backing it up to the east end of Ford park parking. Sunny location!Map Comment Not Available 7/22/2025 Golf playability Really like less fungicide to keep the 7th green green!!Map Comment Not Available 7/22/2025 Golf playability Split bunker 3 to either side of fairway Map Comment Not Available 7/22/2025 Golf playability By removing the sand traps, the #8 hole will be easier. Don't remove sand traps.Map Comment Not Available 7/22/2025 Creek re-route Planning zone 2, option 2 - Improves in every way! More water available to the overall area instead of just flowing past and not contributing to water table and environment. :)Map Comment Not Available 7/22/2025 Creek re-route I'm in favor of option 2 to divert Gore Creek. It makes sense in many ways - John Reimers Map Comment John Reimers 7/22/2025 Creek re-route This is the way to go - Good Plan (referencing creek re-route)Map Comment Not Available 7/22/2025 Creek re-route Love the rechannel through the ponds.Map Comment Not Available 7/22/2025 Golf playability Great 10 year plan. Please respect playability for a few years as the course just finished the greens. Map Comment Not Available 7/22/2025 Creek re-route Springtime water runoff is very hazardous to children and pets. The meandering creek is a much safer plan for everyone. Map Comment Not Available 7/22/2025 General notes The health of the creek is a real issue. Jusding from some of the comments tonight -- many people are not informed. We need more public awareness and education. It is not just about golf. Map Comment Not Available 7/22/2025 Creek re-route Love adding more meandering to the creek. Map Comment Not Available 7/22/2025 General notes Do not remove this tree (referencing large tree nearest to clubhouse)Map Comment Not Available 7/22/2025 General notes Check property lines on maps Map Comment Not Available 281 Your home or business can help preserve Gore Creek. Here’s how. LEAVE ITA LITTLEWILD GORE CREEK VAIL, CO GUIDE FOR RESIDENTS AND BUSINESSES Bringing natural vegetation into your own landscaping is a great way to beautify Vail and make your home or business more appealing and more valuable. But you may not realize that Gore Creek—the main waterway that meanders through town—is suffering the impact of fertilizers, pesticides, and landscaping techniques that destroy native vegetation. As rain or melting snow flows across our yards, rooftops, and paved areas, it picks up pollutants including sediment, organic matter, pesticides and fertilizers. Polluted water then flows off these properties to roadways, ditches or through storm drains to Gore Creek, harming important aquatic insects, increasing algae blooms and adding sediment. All of these things impact the food chain for our prized trout fishery. The cumu- lative impacts of urbanization in the Gore Creek valley over the past half-century have had a significant impact on the health of Gore Creek, including the insects, fish, birds and vegetation that depend on clean water. The good news is you can help by adopting a few simple practices that can dramatically improve the health of our streams and creeks: • Add native trees and shrubs to your landscaping to capture, hold, and filter rainwater. • Use up to three inches of mulch (like leaves, aged wood chips, compost or grass clippings), primarily in spring and fall. Mulch stabilizes soil temperature, prevents weeds, feeds the soil for health- ier plants and helps to conserve water. • Incorporate swales and berms into land- scapes to contain runoff and prevent it from leaving your yard. • Consider installing a rain garden and directing roof drains to it. • Consider using porous pavements such as pavers, flagstone, and gravel instead of impervious surfaces such as asphalt for pathways, patios, and driveways. • Observe town ordinances regarding riparian buffers and setbacks. • Use the Three-Zone Buffer System (next page) for guidance on building and landscaping activities within 100 feet of any stream. • Minimize the use of turf, which will in turn reduce fertilizer, pesticide, and water requirements. • Plant a diverse landscape, which will naturally minimize pest problems. Thank you for playing a critical role in preserving a special part of Vail’s community—Gore Creek.LEARN MORE AT LOVEVAIL.ORG 282 THREE-ZONE BUFFER SYSTEM FOR PROTECTING GORE CREEK < 25 FEET OVERBANK ZONE This area is important for bank stability, preventing erosion, filtering and absorbing pollutants, and providing habitat for terrestrial and aquatic wildlife. Contains wetland plants and mature riparian forest. • Leave native vegetation undisturbed. • Reintroduce native shrubs, grasses and forbs as a substitute for turf and other manmade improvements. • Limit the use of pesticides to what is absolutely needed to control invasive weed species. 25–75 FEET TRANSITIONAL ZONE This area lies between upland development and the overbank zone, and is important in filtering stormwater runoff and absorbing pollutants. Contains mature native forest and vegetation. • Design low-impact landscaping, which reduces maintenance requirements and less need for pesticide and fertilizer. • Reduce the use of turf and impervious surfaces such as concrete and asphalt paving. • Create vegetative buffers to filter runoff from roofs, drives and roadways. 75–100 FEET UPLAND ZONE This is an area for actively managed land- scapes or natural conditions, which allows water to slowly filter into the ground. • Lawn, garden, and compost wastes can be stored here, and stormwater BMPs may be installed, but this zone should be left as undisturbed as possible in order to optimize the value of the riparian buffer. • Minimize turf areas to what is truly needed. Avoid siting any impervious surfaces in this zone. 1 2 3 321 OVERBANK SPECIES UPLAND SPECIES GORE CREEK VAIL, CO Thank you for playing a critical role in preserving a special part of Vail’s community—Gore Creek.LEARN MORE AT LOVEVAIL.ORG 283 WHAT TOPLANT The Rocky Mountains are home to numer- ous native plant species. These plants are adapted to the highly variable climate and micro-climates found in mountain habi- tats. This list offers recommendations for areas along Gore Creek, as well as upland and transitional zones away from the water’s edge. These plants can be used in ornamental landscape plantings as buffers between landscaped and native areas or in native habitat restorations. Planting a variety of species provides biodiversity, which protects against pest outbreaks and provides important habitat for native fauna—all key components in improving water quality in Vail. Thin-leafed Alder Twinberry Honeysuckle Bog Birch GORE CREEK VEGETATION VAIL, CO COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME HEIGHT SPREAD OVERBANK: TREES/SHRUBS Thin-leafed Alder Alnus incana 15-30’15-20’ Bog Birch Betula grandulosa 3-6’3-8’ Red-twig Dogwood Cornus sericea 6-8’8-12’ Twinberry Honeysuckle Lonicera involucrate 3-5’3-6’ Narrow-leafed Cottonwood Populus angustifolia 30-50’20-30’ Lance-leafed Cottonwood Populus x acuminate 40-60’30-40’ Drummond’s Willow Salix drummondiana 6-12’6-12’ Coyote Willow Salix exigua 6-12’4-8’ Yellow Mountain Willow Salix monticola 8-12’6-8’ COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME OVERBANK: FORBS Monkshood Aconitum columbianum Marsh Marigold Caltha leptosepala Harebells Campanula rotundifolia Chiming Bells Mertensia ciliata Cow Parsnip Heracleum maximum Western Blue Flag Iris missouriensis Harebells Cow Parsnip Western Blue Flag COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME DISTRIBUTION OVERBANK: NATIVE SEED MIX Tufted Hairgrass Deschampsia caespitosa 20% Streambank Wheatgrass Elymus lanceolatus 20% Slender Wheatgrass Elymus trachycaulus 15% Big Bluegrass Pos secundiflora 5% Western Wheatgrass Pascopyron s mithii 15% Fowl Bluegrass Pos palustris 20% Baltic Rush Juncus balticus 5% Tufted Hairgrass Slender Wheatgrass Baltic Rush Thank you for playing a critical role in preserving a special part of Vail’s community—Gore Creek.LEARN MORE AT LOVEVAIL.ORG 284 COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME HEIGHT SPREAD UPLAND: DECIDUOUS TREES/SHRUBS Rocky Mountain Maple Acer glabrum 20-30’10-20’ (smaller in Vail) Saskatoon Serviceberry Amelanchier alnifolia 6-20’6-12’ Rabbitbrush species Chrysothamnus nauseosus 2-6’2-6’ Potentilla or Cinquefoil Pentaphylloides floribunda 2-3’2-3’ Quaking Aspen Populus tremuloides 20-50’20-30’ Native Chokecherry Prunus virginiana melanocarpa 8-20’8-12’ Wax Currant Ribes cereum 2-4’2-4’ Woods Rose Rosa woodsii 3-6’3-6’ Boulder Raspberry Rubus deliciosus 3-6’3-6’ Thimbleberry Rubus parviflorus 3-5’4-6’ Red-berried Elder Sambucus pubens 4-12’4-12’ Snowberry Symphoricarpos albus 3-5’3-5’ Rabbitbrush Quaking Aspen Boulder Raspberry Native White Fir Rocky Mountain Juniper Lodgepole Pine COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME UPLAND: FORBS Rocky Mountain Columbine Aquilegia caerulea Rocky Mountain Penstemon Penstemon strictus Richardson’s Geranium Geranium richardsonii Silvery Lupine Lupinus argenteus Aspen Daisy Erigeron speciosus Sulphur Flower Eriogonum umbellatum Pussytoes Antennaria rosea COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME DISTRIBUTION UPLAND: NATIVE SEED MIX Streambank Wheatgrass Elymus lanceolatus 20% Mountain Bromegrass Bromus marginatus 20% Slender Wheatgrass Elymus trachycaulus 15% Blue Wildrye Elymus glaucus 5% Big/Canby Bluegrass Poa secunda 5% Rocky Mountain Fescue Festuca saximontana 5% Sandberg Bluegrass Poa secunda 5% Prairie Junegrass Koeleria cristata 5% Tufted Hairgrass Deschampsia caespitosa 5% Rocky Mountain Columbine Silvery Lupine Pussytoes Mountain Bromegrass Sandberg Bluegrass Tufted Hairgrass GORE CREEK VEGETATION VAIL, CO COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME HEIGHT SPREAD UPLAND: EVERGREEN TREES Native White Fir Abies concolor 40-60’20-30’ Rocky Mountain Juniper Juniperus scopulorum 20-30’8-12’ Engelmann Spruce Picea engelmannii 40-60’ Colorado Blue Spruce Picea pungens 40-60’ Bristlecone pine Pinus aristata 10-20’ Lodgepole pine Pinus contorta latifolia 50-70’10-15’ Douglas-fir 50-80’ Thank you for playing a critical role in preserving a special part of Vail’s community—Gore Creek.LEARN MORE AT LOVEVAIL.ORG 285 You can help preserve Gore Creek. Here’s how. CAREFUL WHERE YOU POINT THAT THING GORE CREEK VAIL, CO GUIDE FOR LANDSCAPING CREW As a professional land- scape contractor in Vail, you do a lot to keep our town beautiful. But you may not realize that Gore Creek—the main waterway that meanders through town—is suffering the impact of fertilizers, pes- ticides, and landscaping techniques that destroy native vegetation. As rain or melting snow flows across our yards, rooftops, and paved areas, it picks up pollut- ants including sediment, organic matter, pesticides and fertilizers. Polluted water then flows off these properties to roadways, ditches or through storm drains to Gore Creek, harming important aquatic insects, increasing algae blooms and adding sediment all of which impact the food chain for our prized trout fishery. The cumulative impacts of urbanization in the Gore Creek valley over the past half-century have had a significant impact on the health of Gore Creek, including the insects, fish, birds and vegetation that depend on clean water. The good news is you can help. In fact, your daily work activities could be the key to restor- ing the health of our streams and creeks. Here are a few simple tips to keep in mind. LAWNMOWING • Maintain lawns at 3–4 inches, which will maximize the grass’s capacity to filter and absorb excess runoff and nutrients. • Leave grass clippings on the lawn or com- post them, as they can carry fertilizer and pesticide residue into the creek. • Sweep clippings off of paved walks and roadways and back onto the lawn to pre- vent them from entering drainage ways. Compost yard waste or have your waste hauler remove it. PESTICIDE USE • Utilize Integrated Pest Management (IPM) techniques before deciding to use pesticides. IPM endorses multiple methods for managing pests including mechanical, cultural, bio- logical and chemical means. • ALWAYS read the product label before use. The label describes allowed uses, environ- mental hazards (including impacts to aquatic environments), and application rates. Using a pesticide outside the label is illegal. Remember: THE LABEL IS THE LAW. 3 –4” Thank you for playing a critical role in preserving a special part of Vail’s community—Gore Creek.LEARN MORE AT LOVEVAIL.ORG 286 GORE CREEK VAIL, CO <25 FEET Avoid mowing and fertilizer application within 25 feet of Gore Creek. Use Integrated Pest Management techniques for weed and pest control. Use pesticides as a last resort, and only according to their label. Allowing native species to thrive here is crucial to the creek’s recovery. • Spot-spray weeds rather than spraying an entire property. • In early spring, wait to apply lawn-care chemicals until snow has melted. • Avoid pyrethroid insecticides near streams and waterways. These products, which include bifenthrin, cypermethrin and permethrin, are among the most toxic to aquatic invertebrates. • Be cautious and judicious with the use of “weed and feed” lawn care products. Many contain the herbicide 2,4-D as a weed killer, which is listed as toxic to aquatic invertebrates. • Add a natural buffer around turf areas, which will help filter fertil- izers and pesticides before they can enter drainage ways. • Dispose of garden chemicals correctly. Never sweep, hose off or pour leftover chemicals into drains or gutters. Dispose of unused products at your local household hazardous waste site, such as the Eagle County landfill. FERTILIZER • Fertilizer application differs with turf species, varying from 2 to 4 pounds of actual nitrogen/year per 1,000 square feet and usually divided into 3 to 4 applications per year; generally, no more than 1 pound of actual nitrogen per 1,000 square feet should be applied at one time. • Fertilize only when necessary or not at all. • Apply fertilizer in the fall for best results, or use a lesser amount in the spring to give lawns an extra burst of green. • Ask homeowners to deeply water their lawns the day before you apply fertilizer. • When purchasing fertilizer, look for a product that contains “natural organic” or “slow-release” ingredients, which feed plants slowly and evenly. • Read labels carefully for application rates and recommendations. • If fertilizing is appropriate, check the weather before applications; avoid the use of fertilizer if the forecast calls for rain in the next two days. • Apply fertilizer when wind speed is between 3 and 10 mph. • For ground boom applications, apply using a nozzle height of no more than 2 feet above the ground or crop canopy, unless a greater height is required for efficacy or safety. Use a low- pressure, large droplet sprayer, and spray close to the crop canopy or the ground. Thank you for playing a critical role in preserving a special part of Vail’s community—Gore Creek.LEARN MORE AT LOVEVAIL.ORG 287 You can help preserve Gore Creek. Here’s how. WHAT GOES WHERE GORE CREEK VAIL, CO LANDSCAPE DESIGNER’S GUIDE As a landscape architect or landscape designer in Vail, you do a lot to keep our town beautiful. But you may not realize that Gore Creek—the main waterway that me- anders through town—is suffering the impact of fertilizers, pesticides, and landscaping tech- niques that destroy native vegetation. As rain or melting snow flows across our yards, rooftops, and paved areas, it picks up pollutants including sediment, organic matter, pesticides and fertilizers. Polluted water then flows off these properties to roadways, ditches or through storm drains to Gore Creek, harming important aquatic insects, increasing algae blooms and adding sediment all of which impact the food chain for our prized trout fishery. The cumulative impacts of urbanization in the Gore Creek valley over the past half-century have had a significant impact on the health of Gore Creek, including the insects, fish, birds and vegetation that depend on clean water. Because landscaping is so closely tied to natural processes, design and maintenance practices can have a significant effect on water quality in Gore Creek and beyond. The good news is you can improve the Creek’s health by adopting a few simple practices. • Add trees and shrubs to your clients’ yards to capture, hold and filter rainwater. • Encourage your clients to use up to three inches of mulch (like leaves, aged wood chips, compost or grass clippings), primarily in spring and fall. Mulch stabi- lizes soil temperature, prevents weeds, feeds the soil for healthier plants and helps to conserve water. • Incorporate swales and berms into landscapes to slow runoff and prevent it from leaving yards. • Consider installing a rain garden and directing roof drains to it. • Consider using porous pavements such as pavers, flagstone and gravel instead of impervious surfaces such as asphalt or concrete for sidewalks and driveways. • Observe town ordinances regarding riparian buffers and setbacks. • Use the Three-Zone Buffer System (next page) for guidance on building and landscaping activities within 100 feet of any stream. • Minimize the use of turf where possible, which will in turn reduce fertilizer, pesti- cide and water requirements. • Plant a diverse landscape, which will naturally minimize pest problems. Thank you for playing a critical role in preserving a special part of Vail’s community—Gore Creek.LEARN MORE AT LOVEVAIL.ORG 288 THREE-ZONE BUFFER SYSTEM FOR PROTECTING GORE CREEK < 25 FEET OVERBANK ZONE This area is important for bank stability, preventing erosion, filtering and absorbing pollutants, and providing habitat for terrestrial and aquatic wildlife. Contains wetland plants and mature riparian forest. • Leave native vegetation undisturbed. • Reintroduce native shrubs, grasses and forbs as a substitute for turf and other manmade improvements. • Limit the use of pesticides to what is absolutely needed to control invasive weed species. 25–75 FEET TRANSITIONAL ZONE This area lies between upland development and the overbank zone, and is important in filtering stormwater runoff and absorbing pollutants. Contains mature native forest and vegetation. • Design low-impact landscaping, which reduces maintenance requirements and less need for pesticide and fertilizer. • Reduce the use of turf and impervious surfaces such as concrete and asphalt paving. • Create vegetative buffers to filter runoff from roofs, drives and roadways. 75–100 FEET UPLAND ZONE This is an area for actively managed land- scapes or natural conditions, which allows water to slowly filter into the ground. • Lawn, garden, and compost wastes can be stored here, and stormwater BMPs may be installed, but this zone should be left as undisturbed as possible in order to optimize the value of the riparian buffer. • Minimize turf areas to what is truly needed. Avoid siting any impervious surfaces in this zone. 1 2 3 321 OVERBANK SPECIES UPLAND SPECIES GORE CREEK VAIL, CO Thank you for playing a critical role in preserving a special part of Vail’s community—Gore Creek.LEARN MORE AT LOVEVAIL.ORG 289 WHAT TOPLANT The Rocky Mountains are home to numer- ous native plant species. These plants are adapted to the highly variable climate and micro-climates found in mountain habi- tats. This list offers recommendations for areas along Gore Creek, as well as upland and transitional zones away from the water’s edge. These plants can be used in ornamental landscape plantings as buffers between landscaped and native areas or in native habitat restorations. Planting a variety of species provides biodiversity, which protects against pest outbreaks and provides important habitat for native fauna—all key components in improving water quality in Vail. Thin-leafed Alder Twinberry Honeysuckle Bog Birch GORE CREEK VEGETATION VAIL, CO COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME HEIGHT SPREAD OVERBANK: TREES/SHRUBS Thin-leafed Alder Alnus incana 15-30’15-20’ Bog Birch Betula grandulosa 3-6’3-8’ Red-twig Dogwood Cornus sericea 6-8’8-12’ Twinberry Honeysuckle Lonicera involucrate 3-5’3-6’ Narrow-leafed Cottonwood Populus angustifolia 30-50’20-30’ Lance-leafed Cottonwood Populus x acuminate 40-60’30-40’ Drummond’s Willow Salix drummondiana 6-12’6-12’ Coyote Willow Salix exigua 6-12’4-8’ Yellow Mountain Willow Salix monticola 8-12’6-8’ COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME OVERBANK: FORBS Monkshood Aconitum columbianum Marsh Marigold Caltha leptosepala Harebells Campanula rotundifolia Chiming Bells Mertensia ciliata Cow Parsnip Heracleum maximum Western Blue Flag Iris missouriensis Harebells Cow Parsnip Western Blue Flag COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME DISTRIBUTION OVERBANK: NATIVE SEED MIX Tufted Hairgrass Deschampsia caespitosa 20% Streambank Wheatgrass Elymus lanceolatus 20% Slender Wheatgrass Elymus trachycaulus 15% Big Bluegrass Pos secundiflora 5% Western Wheatgrass Pascopyron s mithii 15% Fowl Bluegrass Pos palustris 20% Baltic Rush Juncus balticus 5% Tufted Hairgrass Slender Wheatgrass Baltic Rush Thank you for playing a critical role in preserving a special part of Vail’s community—Gore Creek.LEARN MORE AT LOVEVAIL.ORG 290 COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME HEIGHT SPREAD UPLAND: DECIDUOUS TREES/SHRUBS Rocky Mountain Maple Acer glabrum 20-30’10-20’ (smaller in Vail) Saskatoon Serviceberry Amelanchier alnifolia 6-20’6-12’ Rabbitbrush species Chrysothamnus nauseosus 2-6’2-6’ Potentilla or Cinquefoil Pentaphylloides floribunda 2-3’2-3’ Quaking Aspen Populus tremuloides 20-50’20-30’ Native Chokecherry Prunus virginiana melanocarpa 8-20’8-12’ Wax Currant Ribes cereum 2-4’2-4’ Woods Rose Rosa woodsii 3-6’3-6’ Boulder Raspberry Rubus deliciosus 3-6’3-6’ Thimbleberry Rubus parviflorus 3-5’4-6’ Red-berried Elder Sambucus pubens 4-12’4-12’ Snowberry Symphoricarpos albus 3-5’3-5’ Rabbitbrush Quaking Aspen Boulder Raspberry Native White Fir Rocky Mountain Juniper Lodgepole Pine COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME UPLAND: FORBS Rocky Mountain Columbine Aquilegia caerulea Rocky Mountain Penstemon Penstemon strictus Richardson’s Geranium Geranium richardsonii Silvery Lupine Lupinus argenteus Aspen Daisy Erigeron speciosus Sulphur Flower Eriogonum umbellatum Pussytoes Antennaria rosea COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME DISTRIBUTION UPLAND: NATIVE SEED MIX Streambank Wheatgrass Elymus lanceolatus 20% Mountain Bromegrass Bromus marginatus 20% Slender Wheatgrass Elymus trachycaulus 15% Blue Wildrye Elymus glaucus 5% Big/Canby Bluegrass Poa secunda 5% Rocky Mountain Fescue Festuca saximontana 5% Sandberg Bluegrass Poa secunda 5% Prairie Junegrass Koeleria cristata 5% Tufted Hairgrass Deschampsia caespitosa 5% Rocky Mountain Columbine Silvery Lupine Pussytoes Mountain Bromegrass Sandberg Bluegrass Tufted Hairgrass GORE CREEK VEGETATION VAIL, CO COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME HEIGHT SPREAD UPLAND: EVERGREEN TREES Native White Fir Abies concolor 40-60’20-30’ Rocky Mountain Juniper Juniperus scopulorum 20-30’8-12’ Engelmann Spruce Picea engelmannii 40-60’ Colorado Blue Spruce Picea pungens 40-60’ Bristlecone pine Pinus aristata 10-20’ Lodgepole pine Pinus contorta latifolia 50-70’10-15’ Douglas-fir 50-80’ Thank you for playing a critical role in preserving a special part of Vail’s community—Gore Creek.LEARN MORE AT LOVEVAIL.ORG 291 29 2 29 3 29 4 29 5 29 6 29 7 29 8 29 9 30 0 30 1 30 2 30 3 30 4 30 5 30 6 30 7 30 8 30 9 31 0 31 1 31 2 31 3 31 4 31 5 31 6 31 7 31 8 31 9 32 0 32 1 32 2 32 3 32 4 32 5 32 6 32 7 32 8 32 9 33 0 33 1 33 2 33 3 33 4 33 5 33 6 33 7 33 8 33 9 34 0 34 1 34 2 34 3 34 4 34 5 34 6 34 7 34 8 34 9 35 0 35 1 Wright Water Engineers, Inc. │ PO Box 219, Glenwood Springs, CO 81602 (970) 945-7755 │ www.wrightwater.com │ sschreiber@wrightwater.com MEMORANDUM To: Pete Wadden Town of Vail Via Email <pwadden@vail.gov> From: Wright Water Engineers, Inc. Scott Schreiber, P.E., CFM, Drake Ludwig, P.E. Leanna Canyon, E.I. Date: October 16, 2025 Re: Vail Golf Club: Gore Creek Master Plan - Hydrology Wright Water Engineers, Inc. (WWE) prepared this memorandum to summarize the hydrologic evaluation of 2.5 miles of Gore Creek adjacent to the Vail Golf Club (Project). Hydrology helps to inform the design of a stable creek section that can resist erosive forces during high flow events while providing adequate depth, shear stress, and velocities to support a stable ecological environment and hydraulic stability. Gore Creek flows from east to west, weaving through the golf course until meeting I-70, where the stream movement is constricted and follows I-70 for approximately 1.2 miles, where it leaves the Project extent. This memorandum provides background regarding previous relevant studies, current hydrologic data, and any potential deficiencies or concerns regarding the existing hydrologic data and any further relevant concerns. Figure 1: Project Location (Google Earth) Vail Golf Club DRAFT 352 DRAFT – Town of Vail October 16, 2025 Page 2 HYDROLOGIC EVALUATION The hydrologic assessment of Gore Creek incorporates both high-flow and low-flow conditions to guide the development of a resilient and ecologically balanced stream channel. The study reach extends from the upstream (eastern) end, located approximately 0.25 miles downstream of the confluence with Booth Creek. This point lies at an elevation of approximately 8,285 feet and drains a contributing watershed area of 55.2 square miles. The downstream (western) end of the reach is situated about 1.25 miles upstream of the confluence with Mill Creek, at an elevation of approximately 8,200 feet, with a total drainage area of 58.6 square miles. 1.1 Previous Studies The Town of Vail provided WWE with a set of materials for review regarding existing hydrologic and hydraulic conditions. Upon evaluation, WWE identified relevant hydrologic data from several key sources. These included both one-dimensional and two-dimensional models developed using the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers’ (USACE) Hydrologic Engineering Center’s River Analysis System (HEC-RAS), the Hydrologic Evaluation of 1.5-year and 2-year Flood Rates in Vail, CO (RiverRestoration, 2022), and flow rate data published in the Federal Emergency Management Agency’s (FEMA) Flood Insurance Study (FIS). These resources collectively offer a foundation for understanding the hydrologic characteristics of the area and will inform subsequent analysis and recommendations. 1.1.1 FEMA Flood Insurance Study One source of exisng flood frequency informaon for the study site is from the current FEMA FIS that covers the Project area. The FIS is #08037CV000A (FEMA, 2007) and has an Effecve Date of December 4, 2007, and developed hydrology informaon for Gore Creek in 2003, ulizing a Bullen 17B analysis on 11 gaging staons within eastern Eagle County. The FIS includes hydrology for mapped floodplains throughout Eagle County; Gore Creek is a mapped Zone AE1 Floodplain with defined Base Flood Elevaons (BFEs). Hydrology is published upstream of Mill Creek (drainage area of 55 square miles) and downstream of the 1st Vail Course Bridge (58.9 sq mi), and upstream of Booth Creek (drainage area of 48 square miles). As previously stated, Booth Creek is located upstream of the Project area, so the ulized FIS flow rates through the project area are shown in 1 AE Zones are defined as having a 1% chance of flooding along stream segments that have sufficient hydrologic and hydraulic analysis to determine the Base Flood Elevation (BFE). 353 DRAFT – Town of Vail October 16, 2025 Page 3 Table 1. The 100-year flow rate for Gore Creek increases from 1,840 cubic feet per second (cfs) to 1,930 cfs at about the center of the Project reach. FEMA FIS studies develop high flow rates utilized for floodplain analysis and permitting. 354 DRAFT – Town of Vail October 16, 2025 Page 4 Table 1. FIS Hydrology Gore Creek (FIS) Drainage Area (sq mi) Annual Chance Peak Discharges (cfs) 10% (10-Year) 2% (50-Year) 1% (100-Year) 0.20% (500-Year) Downstream of the 1st Vail Course Bridge 55.0 1,350 1,690 1,840 2,030 Upstream of Mill Creek 58.9 1,420 1,780 1,930 2,130 1.1.2 RiverRestoration Hydrologic Evaluation RiverRestoration evaluated the 1.5-year and 2-year flood rates as published in the study “Hydrologic Evaluation of 1.5-year and 2-year Flood Rates in Vail, CO” (RiverRestoration, 2022). The study extends from the confluence of Gore Creek and Black Gore Creek to the end of Gore Creek, where it meets the Eagle River. RiverRestoration used a U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) gage analysis, utilizing regional regression equations to determine peak flow rates of each gaged stream to use as input values along Gore Creek. The drainage areas for each flow rate location are not specified within the RiverRestoration hydrology memorandum. The published flows through the study area are shown in Table 2. Table 2. River Restoration Low Flow Hydrology Reach 1.5-year flow (cfs) 2-year flow (cfs) Gore Creek downstream of Bighorn Creek 400 570 Gore Creek downstream of Pitkin Creek 473 674 Gore Creek downstream of Booth Creek 577 823 1.2 StreamStats - Regional Regression Equations USGS developed regional regression equations in the 2009 report, “Regional Regression Equations for Estimation of Natural Streamflow Statistics in Colorado,” to approximate hydrology for ungaged streams throughout the state. Peak streamflow data were analyzed from numerous gage stations around the state to develop regression equation models to predict peak stream flow rates based on input basin characteristics. Regression equations were developed for five different climatic regions of Colorado. The Study Area includes the ‘mountain region.’ USGS hosts a web-based interface, USGS StreamStats, that utilizes these regression equations to predict stream flow characteristics for a selected site. Using this interface, the peak streamflow rates and monthly flow statistics were calculated for the mouth of the Project drainageway for comparison with the existing 1. Drainage areas for each flow location are not published in the River Restoration memo. 355 DRAFT – Town of Vail October 16, 2025 Page 5 hydrology. The StreamStats report (Attachment A) was developed for the most downstream end of the Project area with a drainage area of 58.9 square miles. StreamStats peak flow hydrology and monthly flow hydrology are displayed in Table 3 and Table 4. Table 3. StreamStats Peak Flow Hydrology (Drainage Area = 58.9 sq mi) Annual Exceedance Probability Flood Flow Rate (cfs) 50% (2-Year) 479 20% (5-Year) 662 10% (10-Year) 782 4% (25-Year) 906 2% (50-Year) 1,070 1% (100-Year) 1,180 0.50% (200-Year) 1,270 0.20% (500-Year) 1,460 Table 4. StreamStats Monthly Flow Statistics (Drainage Area = 58.9 sq mi) Monthly Flow Statistics Flow Rate (cfs) January 11.2 February 10.4 March 12.1 April 29.1 May 147 June 241 July 88.2 August 36.8 September 24.4 October 20.9 November 15.7 December 12.3 1.3 USGS Stream Gage Analysis WWE performed a peak flow analysis and a daily flow analysis using the streamflow data obtained from the gages within the Gore Creek Valley with similar drainage areas. Estimation of the flood quantiles2 (flow 2 Flood quantiles are the flow rates that correspond to particular flood frequencies (annual exceedance probabilities). 356 DRAFT – Town of Vail October 16, 2025 Page 6 value for specific flood frequencies) at ungaged locations can be approximated from the flood flows at gaged locations on the same stream system using the drainage area ratio between the two stream gages. The evaluated stream gages with their periods of record can be seen in Table 5, and locations can be seen in Figure 2. Table 5. USGS Stream Gage Information Gage Name/ Location Gage Number Drainage Area (sq mi) Elevation (ft) Period of Record Number of Years Black Gore Creek Near Minturn, CO 09066000 12.5 9,150 1947-2025 78 Gore Creek at Upper Station Near Minturn, CO 09065500 14.5 9,150 1947-2025 78 Gore Creek above Red Sandstone Creek at Vail, CO 09066325 77.1 8,055 1999-2025 26 Figure 2. Stream Gage Locations According to “Guidance for Flood Risk Analysis and Mapping, General Hydrologic Considerations” (FEMA, 2022), the appropriate ratio of the gage drainage area to the study drainage area should range from 0.5 to 1.5 to enable the estimation of the flood quantile at the ungaged location by using the gaged location flood quantiles. As a result, no further flow analysis was performed on gage 09065500, and 09065500 due to the drainage areas being less than 50% of the proposed project area. 1.3.1 Peak Flow Estimates: Bulletin 17B Analysis A Bulletin #17B statistical analysis was performed following “Guidelines for Determining Flood Flow Frequency, Bulletin #17B of the Hydrology Subcommittee,” (USGS, 1981) developed by the USGS. The 357 DRAFT – Town of Vail October 16, 2025 Page 7 Bulletin #17B analysis was performed utilizing the Hydrologic Engineering Center’s Statistical Software Package (HEC-SSP) developed by the USACE (version 2.3). The discharges through this statistical analysis was determined based on a Log Pearson III distribution of a stream gage on the stream of interest. The Single Grubbs-Beck Low Outlier Test, Weibull plotting positions, and station skew were utilized. The HEC- SSP report is included as Attachment B. Table 6. Bulletin 17B Flow Frequency Analysis at USGS Stream Gage No. 09066325 (Drainage Area = 77.1 sq mi) Annual Exceedance Probability (AEP) Expected Probable Flow Confidence Limits 0.05 0.95 Flow Rate (cfs) 90% 690.0 820.7 573.6 50% 1,153 1,312 1,012 20% 1,613 1,892 1,393 10% 1,933 2,325 1,624 5% 2,257 2,769 1,837 2% 2,708 3,382 2,103 1% 3,075 3,871 2,300 0.50% 3,471 4,383 2,495 0.20% 4,047 5,099 2,752 Once the flood quantile is determined at the gage location, the estimate of the flood quantile at the project location is obtained using the drainage area ratio of the project location and the gage location. The Project drainage area at the study site is approximately 55 square miles downstream of the 1st Vail Course Bridge, and 58.9 square miles just upstream of Mill Creek. Using the drainage areas of the gaged locations in Table 5, the drainage area ratio is computed, and the estimate of the flood quantile at the study site can be estimated. Table 6 contains the Bulletin 17B results for the flood quantiles at the gaged locations, and Table 7 contains the estimates at the site locations. 358 DRAFT – Town of Vail October 16, 2025 Page 8 Table 7. Estimated Flood Quantiles based on Bulletin 17B Flow Frequency Analysis at USGS Stream Gage No. 09066325 Annual Exceedance Probability (AEP) Downstream of the 1st Vail Course Bridge (55 sq mi) Upstream of Mill Creek (58.9 sq mi) Flow Rate (cfs) 90% 492 527 50% 822 881 20% 1,150 1,232 10% 1,379 1,477 5% 1,610 1,724 2% 1,932 2,069 1% 2,194 2,349 0.50% 2,476 2,651 0.20% 2,887 3,092 1.3.2 Low-Flow Estimates: Duration Analysis WWE evaluated low-flow hydrology by utilizing the HEC-SSP duration analysis tool for USGS Gage No. 09066325. The 50%, 66.7%, 95%, and 99% time exceedance values were collected from the gage and corrected for drainage area utilizing the drainage area ratio. The results of this analysis are summarized in Table 8, and the full results are displayed in Attachment C. Table 8. Duration Analysis based on USGS Stream Gage No. 09066325 Percent of time Exceeded Downstream of the 1st Vail Course Bridge (55 sq mi) Upstream of Mill Creek (58.9 sq mi) Flow Rate (cfs) 99% 9 8 95% 10 10 66.7% 15 14 50% 20 18 Low-flow estimates within the Project area will help design proposed channel dimensions, and future hydraulic modeling can inform other aspects of channel design, for example, to ensure the existing diversion structure elevation is sufficient to continue to divert water. 1.3.3 Historical Monthly Flow Rates WWE performed a daily flow analysis using the streamflow data obtained from the gages along Gore Creek and Black Gore Creek to compare estimated monthly flow rates and evaluate dominant hydrologic 359 DRAFT – Town of Vail October 16, 2025 Page 9 processes behind peak flows in the area. The stream gages in Table 5 are evaluated to determine the average of the maximum daily values for each month of the year (Table 9). Table 9. USGS Stream Gage Monthly Flow Hydrology Jan 13 13 14 Feb 13 12 14 Mar 17 16 15 Apr 47 51 36 May* 237 289 246 Jun* 436 611 419 Jul 132 258 103 Aug 36 74 32 Sep 23 36 19 Oct 21 30 18 Nov 156 20 15 Dec 14 15 14 Month Gore Creek above Red Sandstone Creek at Vail, CO Gore Creek at Upper Station, Near Minturn, CO Black Gore Creek Near Minturn, CO * = peak flow months 360 DRAFT – Town of Vail October 16, 2025 Page 10 Figure 3. Gore Creek Above Red Sandstone Creek at Vail, CO – 09066325 Figure 4. Gore Creek Above Red Sandstone Creek at Vail, CO – 09066325 Understanding the influence of snowmelt on the peak events is necessary to identify the dominant hydrologic process behind the peak flows in the area. To make this determination, the daily discharge statistics were reviewed for seasonal trends. Streams that exhibit seasonally high flows in the spring often have annual peak flows that are influenced by snowmelt runoff, as seen in Figure 3. 361 DRAFT – Town of Vail October 16, 2025 Page 11 Gore Creek and its tributaries are located within watersheds that are influenced by seasonal runoff through snowmelt each spring. According to the monthly stream flow evaluation, peak flows on Gore Creek typically occur in May and June, with the lowest flows in January and February. The Gore Creek monthly flow rates for USGS Stream Gage No. 09066325 has been scaled to the StreamStats drainage basin area, located at the most downstream point of the Project area, of 58.9 square miles, to compare flow rates in Table 10. Table 10. Gore Creek Monthly Flow Rates (58.9 sq mi) Monthly Flow Statistics StreamStats USGS Stream Gage No. 09066325 Flow Rate (cfs) January 11 13 February 10 13 March 12 17 April 29 47 May* 147 237 June* 241 436 July 88 132 August 37 36 September 24 23 October 21 21 November 16 16 December 12 14 Low flow conditions are defined utilizing streamflow data from October through March. USGS Stream Gage estimates low flow to be approximately 16 cfs, and StreamStats estimates low flows to be 14 cfs utilizing a seasonal analysis. 1.4 Conclusion and Recommendations - Hydrology Summary To support future hydraulic modeling and inform design decisions, WWE compiled the flood frequency estimates (Table 11 and Table 12) and low-flow analysis (Table 13) from the hydrologic analysis performed by WWE and previous studies. These estimates will be used to support future design efforts throughout the Gore Creek project area. * = peak flow months 362 DRAFT – Town of Vail October 16, 2025 Page 12 Table 11. Gore Creek Design Hydrology (55 sq mi) AEP StreamStats FIS River Restoration USGS Stream Gage Flow Rate (cfs) 90% (1.1-Year) - - - 492 67% (1.5-Year) - - 577 - 50% (2-Year) 447 - 823 822 20% (5-Year) 618 - - 1,150 10% (10-Year) 730 1,350 - 1,379 4% (25-Year) 846 - - 1,610 2% (50-Year) 999 1,690 - 1,932 1% (100-Year) 1,102 1,840 - 2,194 0.50% (200-Year) 1,186 - - 2,476 0.20% (500-Year) 1,363 2,030 - 2,887 Table 12. Gore Creek Design Hydrology (58.9 sq mi) AEP StreamStats FIS River Restoration USGS Stream Gage Flow Rate (cfs) 90% (1.1-Year) - - - 527 67% (1.5-Year) - - 577 - 50% (2-Year) 479 - 823 881 20% (5-Year) 662 - - 1,232 10% (10-Year) 782 1,420 - 1,477 4% (25-Year) 906 - - 1,724 2% (50-Year) 1,070 1,780 - 2,069 1% (100-Year) 1,180 1,930 - 2,349 0.50% (200-Year) 1,270 - - 2,651 0.20% (500-Year) 1,460 2,130 - 3,092 Table 13. Duration Analysis based on USGS Stream Gage No. 09066325 Percent of Time Exceeded Downstream of the 1st Vail Course Bridge (55 sq mi) Upstream of Mill Creek (58.9 sq mi) Flow Rate (cfs) 99% 9 8 95% 10 10 66.7% 15 14 50% 20 18 363 DRAFT – Town of Vail October 16, 2025 Page 13 These flood esmates will inform future hydraulic modeling for floodplain mapping and stream design. For future floodplain analysis, ulizing the effecve FIS hydrology is essenal because it represents the regulatory-approved hydrologic data used in exisng FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRMs) and flood studies. 364 DRAFT – Town of Vail October 16, 2025 Page 14 ATTACHMENTS Attachment A: StreamStats at Downstream End of Golf Course (58.9 square miles) Attachment B: HEC-SSP Bulletin #17B Results Attachment C: HEC-SSP Duration Analysis REFERENCES Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). 2007. Flood Insurance Study Eagle County, Colorado and Incorporated Areas. HEC-SSP. 2019. Version 2.3. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. River Restoration. 2022. Hydrologic Evaluation of 1.5 yr and 2 yr Flood Rates in Vail, CO. River Restoration. 2023. Town of Vail | TYFL & 100-yr Hydrologic Modeling and Mapping update | Exhibit 3. U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). 1981. Guidelines for Determining Flood Flow Frequency, Bulletin #17B of the Hydrology Subcommittee. U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). 2009. Regional Regression Equations for Estimation of Natural Streamflow Statistics in Colorado. U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). 2025. The StreamStats program. http://streamstats.usgs.gov. Accessed March 6, 2025. 10/16/2025 5:25 PM \\WWE-GWS\project files\WWE\191-026\070\Engr\Hydrology\ToV_HydrologyMemorandum.docx 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 Bulletin 17 Editor - Gore Creek abv red sandstone Frequency Curve for: GORE CREEK ABV RED SANDSTONE CREEK-VAIL, CO-FLOW-ANNUAL PEAK Percent Chance Exceedance Computed Curve Flow in cfs Expected Prob. Flow in cfs Confidence Limits Flow in cfs 0.05 0.95 0.2 3505.5 4046.9 5098.6 2752.4 0.5 3116.2 3470.5 4382.5 2495.0 1.0 2828.2 3074.9 3870.7 2300.1 2.0 2544.2 2708.1 3382.4 2103.3 5.0 2171.5 2257.1 2769.1 1836.5 10.0 1887.0 1933.1 2325.0 1624.2 20.0 1592.6 1612.5 1892.0 1393.1 50.0 1152.6 1152.6 1312.2 1012.2 80.0 835.4 825.3 955.1 703.1 90.0 706.5 690.0 820.7 573.6 95.0 615.4 592.5 727.3 483.1 99.0 475.4 438.2 583.6 348.3 Events Event Number Historic Events 0 High Outliers 0 Low Outliers 1 Zero Or Missing 0 Systematic Events 25 Historic Period Equivalent Record Length (years) Distribution Parameters Parameter Value Mean 3.062 Standard Dev 0.166 Station Skew 0.017 Regional Skew Weighted Skew Adopted Skew 0.017 EMA Estimate of MSE (G at-site) Grubbs-Beck Critical Value 374 File: Gore_Creek_abv_red_sandstone.rpt, Page: 1 ------------------------------- Bulletin 17B Frequency Analysis 13 Oct 2025 01:55 PM Computed By: HEC-SSP Version 2.3 ------------------------------- --- Input Data --- Analysis Name: Gore Creek abv red sandstone Description: Data Set Name: GORE CREEK ABV RED SANDSTONE CREEK-VAIL, CO-FLOW-ANNUAL PEAK DSS File Name: G:\WWE\191-026\070\Engr\Hydrology\SSP_GoreCreek\SSP_GoreCreek.dss DSS Pathname: /GORE CREEK ABV RED SANDSTONE CREEK/VAIL, CO/FLOW-ANNUAL PEAK/01jan1900/IR-CENTURY/USGS/ Report File Name: G:\WWE\191-026\070\Engr\Hydrology\SSP_GoreCreek\Bulletin17Results\Gore_Creek_abv_red_sandstone\Gore_Creek_abv_red_sandstone.rpt XML File Name: G:\WWE\191-026\070\Engr\Hydrology\SSP_GoreCreek\Bulletin17Results\Gore_Creek_abv_red_sandstone\Gore_Creek_abv_red_sandstone.xml Output DSS File Name: G:\WWE\191-026\070\Engr\Hydrology\SSP_GoreCreek\Bulletin17Results\Gore_Creek_abv_red_sandstone\Gore_Creek_abv_red_sandstone.dss Start Date: 01 Oct 2000 End Date: 30 Sep 2024 Skew Option: Use Station Skew Regional Skew: -Infinity Regional Skew MSE: -Infinity Plotting Position Type: Median Compute Expected Probability Curve using B17B Procedure Upper Confidence Level: 0.05 Lower Confidence Level: 0.95 Display ordinate values using 1 digits in fraction part of value --- End of Input Data --- --- Preliminary Results --- << Skew Weighting >> ----------------------------------------------------------------- Based on 25 events, mean-square error of station skew = 0.257 Mean-square error of regional skew = -? ----------------------------------------------------------------- << Frequency Curve >> GORE CREEK ABV RED SANDSTONE CREEK-VAIL, CO-FLOW-ANNUAL PEAK ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- | Computed Expected | Percent | Confidence Limits | | Curve Probability | Chance | 0.05 0.95 | | FLOW, CFS | Exceedance | FLOW, CFS | |------------------------------|-------------|-----------------------------| | 2,917.0 --- | 0.2 | 4,106.3 2,323.5 | | 2,730.9 --- | 0.5 | 3,776.2 2,197.0 | | 2,574.0 --- | 1.0 | 3,503.7 2,088.9 | | 2,400.5 --- | 2.0 | 3,208.7 1,967.4 | | 2,139.5 --- | 5.0 | 2,778.4 1,780.2 | | 1,910.4 --- | 10.0 | 2,415.4 1,610.7 | | 1,641.5 --- | 20.0 | 2,009.8 1,403.5 | | 1,171.7 --- | 50.0 | 1,367.7 1,009.4 | | 783.3 --- | 80.0 | 914.4 643.0 | | 617.4 --- | 90.0 | 737.2 481.6 | | 499.8 --- | 95.0 | 613.5 369.8 | | 324.0 --- | 99.0 | 425.6 212.8 | |------------------------------|-------------|-----------------------------| << Systematic Statistics >> GORE CREEK ABV RED SANDSTONE CREEK-VAIL, CO-FLOW-ANNUAL PEAK ---------------------------------------------------------------- | Log Transform: | | | FLOW, CFS | Number of Events | |------------------------------|-------------------------------| | Mean 3.049 | Historic Events 0 | | Standard Dev 0.194 | High Outliers 0 | | Station Skew -0.623 | Low Outliers 0 | | Regional Skew --- | Zero Events 0 |375 File: Gore_Creek_abv_red_sandstone.rpt, Page: 2 | Weighted Skew --- | Missing Events 0 | | Adopted Skew -0.623 | Systematic Events 25 | |------------------------------|-------------------------------| --- End of Preliminary Results --- ---------------------- << Low Outlier Test >> ---------------------- Based on 25 events, 10 percent outlier test deviate K(N) = 2.486 Computed low outlier test value = 368.1 1 low outlier(s) identified below test value of 368.1 Statistics and frequency curve adjusted for 1 low outlier(s) << Systematic Statistics >> GORE CREEK ABV RED SANDSTONE CREEK-VAIL, CO-FLOW-ANNUAL PEAK ---------------------------------------------------------------- | Log Transform: | | | FLOW, CFS | Number of Events | |------------------------------|-------------------------------| | Mean 3.071 | Historic Events 0 | | Standard Dev 0.164 | High Outliers 0 | | Station Skew 0.011 | Low Outliers 1 | | Regional Skew --- | Zero Events 0 | | Weighted Skew --- | Missing Events 0 | | Adopted Skew -0.623 | Systematic Events 25 | |------------------------------|-------------------------------| ----------------------- << High Outlier Test >> ----------------------- Based on 24 events, 10 percent outlier test deviate K(N) = 2.467 Computed high outlier test value = 2,991.48 0 high outlier(s) identified above test value of 2,991.48 Note: Statistics and frequency curve were modified using conditional probablity adjustment. --- Final Results --- << Plotting Positions >> GORE CREEK ABV RED SANDSTONE CREEK-VAIL, CO-FLOW-ANNUAL PEAK -------------------------------------------------------------------- | Events Analyzed | Ordered Events | | FLOW | Water FLOW Median | | Day Mon Year CFS | Rank Year CFS Plot Pos | |---------------------------|--------------------------------------| | 29 May 2000 1,630.0 | 1 2019 2,320.0 2.76 | | 01 Jun 2001 897.0 | 2 2010 2,260.0 6.69 | | 31 May 2002 639.0 | 3 2003 1,890.0 10.63 | | 01 Jun 2003 1,890.0 | 4 2011 1,680.0 14.57 | | 07 Jun 2004 615.0 | 5 2016 1,670.0 18.50 | | 23 May 2005 913.0 | 6 2000 1,630.0 22.44 | | 06 Jun 2006 1,240.0 | 7 2015 1,550.0 26.38 | | 17 Jun 2007 838.0 | 8 2014 1,430.0 30.31 | | 02 Jun 2008 1,370.0 | 9 2008 1,370.0 34.25 | | 19 May 2009 1,140.0 | 10 2017 1,280.0 38.19 | | 06 Jun 2010 2,260.0 | 11 2024 1,240.0 42.13 | | 25 Jun 2011 1,680.0 | 12 2006 1,240.0 46.06 | | 22 May 2012 336.0 | 13 2020 1,230.0 50.00 | | 11 Jun 2013 1,170.0 | 14 2013 1,170.0 53.94 | | 03 Jun 2014 1,430.0 | 15 2009 1,140.0 57.87 | | 11 Jun 2015 1,550.0 | 16 2005 913.0 61.81 | | 10 Jun 2016 1,670.0 | 17 2001 897.0 65.75 | | 10 Jun 2017 1,280.0 | 18 2022 879.0 69.69 | | 25 May 2018 705.0 | 19 2023 868.0 73.62 | | 30 Jun 2019 2,320.0 | 20 2007 838.0 77.56 | | 01 Jun 2020 1,230.0 | 21 2021 765.0 81.50 |376 Duration Analysis Editor - Percent of Time Exceeded Annual - FLOW 99.0 11.7 95.0 13.7 90.0 15.0 85.0 16.3 66.7 20.1 50.0 25.8 20.0 114.8 10.0 317.9 5.0 582.0 2.0 858.0 1.0 1018.9 0.5 1134.4 377 ----------------------------- Duration Analysis 14 Oct 2025 04:03 PM ----------------------------- --- Input Data --- Analysis Name: GoreCreek Description: Input DSS File Name: G:\WWE\191-026\070\Engr\Hydrology\HEC_SSP\SSP_GoreCreek\SSP_GoreCreek.dss Output DSS File Name: G:\WWE\191- 026\070\Engr\Hydrology\HEC_SSP\SSP_GoreCreek\DurationAnalysisResults\\.dss DSS Pathname: /GORE CREEK ABV RED SANDSTONE CREEK/VAIL, CO/FLOW//1DAY/USGS/ Project Path: G:\WWE\191-026\070\Engr\Hydrology\HEC_SSP\SSP_GoreCreek Report File Name: G:\WWE\191- 026\070\Engr\Hydrology\HEC_SSP\SSP_GoreCreek\DurationAnalysisResults\GoreCreek\GoreCreek.rpt Result File Name: G:\WWE\191- 026\070\Engr\Hydrology\HEC_SSP\SSP_GoreCreek\DurationAnalysisResults\GoreCreek\GoreCreek.xml Duration Analysis Method: Standard Duration Plot Position Method: Rank/(N+1) X-Axis Scale: Linear Y-Axis Scale: Linear Duration Period: Annual Use User-Specified Percent Exceedance Percent Exceedance: 99.0 Percent Exceedance: 95.0 Percent Exceedance: 90.0 Percent Exceedance: 85.0 Percent Exceedance: 66.67 Percent Exceedance: 50.0 Percent Exceedance: 20.0 Percent Exceedance: 10.0 Percent Exceedance: 5.0 Percent Exceedance: 2.0 Percent Exceedance: 1.0 Percent Exceedance: 0.5 Display ordinate values using 1 digits in fraction part of value --- End of Input Data --- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 378 Wright Water Engineers Water Quality Testing Sample Date: 28 May 2025 Report Date: 10 Jun 2025 Field Biologist: Erich Meyerhoffer .c Site #1 2 Site #5 6 Site #2 3 Glossary 7 Site #3 4 Site #4 5 379 Water Quality Testing - Wright Water Engineers, Site #1 Sample Date: 28 May 2025 Test Desired Range Surface This lake is pH Reading 6.5 - 8.5 7.6 Healthy Phosphorus, Total (ppb) < 30 30 Borderline Orthophosphate (ppb) < 30 < 5 Healthy Conductivity (uS/cm) < 1,200 137 Healthy Alkalinity, Total (ppm) > 80 14 Low Turbidity (NTU) < 5 3.3 Healthy Hardness, Total (ppm) 50 - 150 46 Borderline Total Nitrogen, (ppb) < 1,200 < 100 Low Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen, (ppb) < 1,200 < 100 Low Nitrates/Nitrites (ppb) < 600 < 20 Healthy Chlorophyll a (ppb) < 40 < 10 Healthy Please speak with your local SOLitude Lake Manager about the options for restoring balance in your aquatic resource. SOLitude Lake Management | 888.480.LAKE (5253) | solitudelakemanagement.com | © 2024 380 Water Quality Testing - Wright Water Engineers, Site #2 Sample Date: 28 May 2025 Test Desired Range Surface This lake is pH Reading 6.5 - 8.5 7.6 Healthy Phosphorus, Total (ppb) < 30 30 Borderline Orthophosphate (ppb) < 30 5 Healthy Conductivity (uS/cm) < 1,200 100 Healthy Alkalinity, Total (ppm) > 80 11 Low Turbidity (NTU) < 5 3.3 Healthy Hardness, Total (ppm) 50 - 150 36 Low Total Nitrogen, (ppb) < 1,200 260 Healthy Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen, (ppb) < 1,200 200 Healthy Nitrates/Nitrites (ppb) < 600 60 Healthy Chlorophyll a (ppb) < 40 < 10 Healthy Please speak with your local SOLitude Lake Manager about the options for restoring balance in your aquatic resource. SOLitude Lake Management | 888.480.LAKE (5253) | solitudelakemanagement.com | © 2024 381 Water Quality Testing - Wright Water Engineers, Site #3 Sample Date: 28 May 2025 Test Desired Range Surface This lake is pH Reading 6.5 - 8.5 7.5 Healthy Phosphorus, Total (ppb) < 30 29 Borderline Orthophosphate (ppb) < 30 5 Healthy Conductivity (uS/cm) < 1,200 108 Healthy Alkalinity, Total (ppm) > 80 12 Low Turbidity (NTU) < 5 3.3 Healthy Hardness, Total (ppm) 50 - 150 37 Low Total Nitrogen, (ppb) < 1,200 < 100 Low Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen, (ppb) < 1,200 < 100 Low Nitrates/Nitrites (ppb) < 600 50 Healthy Chlorophyll a (ppb) < 40 < 10 Healthy Please speak with your local SOLitude Lake Manager about the options for restoring balance in your aquatic resource. SOLitude Lake Management | 888.480.LAKE (5253) | solitudelakemanagement.com | © 2024 382 Water Quality Testing - Wright Water Engineers, Site #4 Sample Date: 28 May 2025 Test Desired Range Surface This lake is pH Reading 6.5 - 8.5 7.6 Healthy Phosphorus, Total (ppb) < 30 32 Borderline Orthophosphate (ppb) < 30 < 5 Healthy Conductivity (uS/cm) < 1,200 137 Healthy Alkalinity, Total (ppm) > 80 13 Low Turbidity (NTU) < 5 3.3 Healthy Hardness, Total (ppm) 50 - 150 46 Borderline Total Nitrogen, (ppb) < 1,200 < 100 Low Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen, (ppb) < 1,200 < 100 Low Nitrates/Nitrites (ppb) < 600 < 20 Healthy Chlorophyll a (ppb) < 40 < 10 Healthy Please speak with your local SOLitude Lake Manager about the options for restoring balance in your aquatic resource. SOLitude Lake Management | 888.480.LAKE (5253) | solitudelakemanagement.com | © 2024 383 Water Quality Testing - Wright Water Engineers, Site #5 Sample Date: 28 May 2025 Test Desired Range Surface This lake is pH Reading 6.5 - 8.5 8.0 Healthy Phosphorus, Total (ppb) < 30 35 Borderline Orthophosphate (ppb) < 30 5 Healthy Conductivity (uS/cm) < 1,200 388 Healthy Alkalinity, Total (ppm) > 80 60 Borderline Turbidity (NTU) < 5 3.2 Healthy Hardness, Total (ppm) 50 - 150 188 Borderline Total Nitrogen, (ppb) < 1,200 250 Healthy Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen, (ppb) < 1,200 180 Healthy Nitrates/Nitrites (ppb) < 600 70 Healthy Chlorophyll a (ppb) < 40 < 10 Healthy Please speak with your local SOLitude Lake Manager about the options for restoring balance in your aquatic resource. SOLitude Lake Management | 888.480.LAKE (5253) | solitudelakemanagement.com | © 2024 384 Glossary Water Quality Parameter Desired Range Action Level Non-normal results may lead to Common causes of non-normal levels Phosphorus, total < 30 ppb > 100 ppb Excessive algae growth, muck accumulation, nuisance midge fly population, unbalanced fishery, etc. Reclaimed water discharge, landscape fertilizer runoff and agricultural drainage, phosphorus laden bottom sediments Orthophosphate (Free Reactive Phosphorus) < 30 ppb > 100 ppb Excessive algae growth, low dissolved oxygen levels, unbalanced fishery, etc. Landscape fertilizer runoff and agricultural drainage, sewage, rock erosion, plant and animal decay Nitrogen, total < 1,200 ppb > 2,000 ppb Excessive algae growth, muck accumulation, nuisance midge fly population, unbalanced fishery, etc. Reclaimed water discharge, landscape fertilizer runoff and agricultural drainage, organic material input like grass clippings and leaf litter Ammonia < 100 ppb > 250 ppb May lead to fish and wildlife becoming unhealthy or passing, especially under high pH conditions Organic decomposition, landscape/fertilizer runoff, and anoxic conditions (low oxygen), excessive waterfowl excrement Dissolved Oxygen > 4 ppm N/A Leads to nutrient recycling from the sediments (phosphorus), may cause fish kill events, foul odors, etc. Stratification, higher than normal biological oxygen demand Temperature < 4 degree difference N/A Often leads to low dissolved oxygen, nutrient recycling, and unbalanced ecosystems Natural processes Alkalinity > 80 ppm N/A Drastic pH swings and an unhealthy ecosystem to grow sportfish populations Low background levels Conductivity < 1,200 uS/cm N/A Fish kills for salt intolerant species, damage to turf through irrigation, change in algae community (golden algae) Salt water intrusion, road salt runoff, excessive additions of reclaimed / effluent water Hardness 50 - 150 ppm N/A Buildup of solid material in water systems and an unhealthy environment for fish populations Leaching of soil and rocks Turbidity < 5 NTU N/A Loss of clarity in water and in extreme conditions fish kills Sediment run-off, bottom sediment in suspension, algae blooms, etc. Secchi Disk > 4 feet N/A Loss of clarity in water Sediment run-off, bottom sediment in suspension, algae blooms, etc. pH reading 6.5 - 8.5 N/A Unbalanced ecosystems and potentially fish kill events Watershed run-off, pool discharges, algae blooms, etc. ^The above thresholds are general goals that have been determined by decades of lake management experience from our lake management team and a variety of peer reviewed journal studies. SOLitude Lake Management | 888.480.LAKE (5253) | solitudelakemanagement.com 385 Midwest Laboratories 13611 B Street Omaha, NE 68144 P 402-334-7770 F 402-334-9121 www.midwestlabs.com TOWN OF VAIL - 65349 RE: Golf Course Water Vail, CO 81657-5096 75 S Frontage Rd W PETER WADDEN Enclosed are the results of analyses for samples received by the laboratory on 2025-09-12 10:04. If you have any questions concerning this report, please feel free to contact me. 06 October 2025 Work Order: 1626844 Sincerely, DRAFT REPORT Project Manager ccolombo@midwestlabs.com Work Order: 1626844 The result(s) issued on this report only reflect the analysis of the sample(s) submitted. For applicable test parameters, Midwest Laboratories is in compliance with NELAC requirements. Our reports and letters are for the exclusive and confidential use of our clients and may not be reproduced in whole or in part, nor may any reference be made to the work, the results, or the company in any advertising, news release, or other public announcements without obtaining our prior written authorization.Page 1 of 18386 Midwest Laboratories 13611 B Street Omaha, NE 68144 P 402-334-7770 F 402-334-9121 www.midwestlabs.com Project: Project Manager: Reported: TOWN OF VAIL - 65349 75 S Frontage Rd W PETER WADDEN Golf Course Water 2025-10-06 15:51Vail, CO 81657-5096 Sample ID Laboratory ID Date SampledMatrix Date Received ANALYTICAL REPORT FOR SAMPLES 1626844-01 Aqueous 2025-09-10 13:45 2025-09-12 10:04DRAFT: ID: Site 5 1626844-02 Aqueous 2025-09-10 14:10 2025-09-12 10:04DRAFT: ID: Site 4 1626844-03 Aqueous 2025-09-10 14:20 2025-09-12 10:04DRAFT: ID: Site 3 1626844-04 Aqueous 2025-09-10 14:35 2025-09-12 10:04DRAFT: ID: Site 2 1626844-05 Aqueous 2025-09-10 14:45 2025-09-12 10:04DRAFT: ID: Site 1 Containers used for the following analyses: SM 2130 B-2020, SM 2320 B-2021, SM 2510 B-2021, SM 4500-H+ B-2021, SM 4500-P F-20211626844-01 A: SM 10150 B-20221626844-01 B: DRAFT: Total Metals per EPA 200.71626844-01 C: EPA 351.2, EPA 353.21626844-01 D: SM 4500-P F-20211626844-01 E: SM 10150 B-2022, SM 2130 B-2020, SM 2320 B-2021, SM 2510 B-2021, SM 4500-H+ B-2021, SM 4500-P F-20211626844-02 A: DRAFT: Total Metals per EPA 200.71626844-02 C: EPA 351.2, EPA 353.21626844-02 D: SM 4500-P F-20211626844-02 E: SM 10150 B-2022, SM 2130 B-2020, SM 2320 B-2021, SM 2510 B-2021, SM 4500-H+ B-2021, SM 4500-P F-20211626844-03 A: DRAFT: Total Metals per EPA 200.71626844-03 C: EPA 351.2, EPA 353.21626844-03 D: SM 4500-P F-20211626844-03 E: SM 2130 B-2020, SM 2320 B-2021, SM 2510 B-2021, SM 4500-H+ B-2021, SM 4500-P F-20211626844-04 A: SM 10150 B-20221626844-04 B: DRAFT: Total Metals per EPA 200.71626844-04 C:# EPA 351.2, EPA 353.21626844-04 D: SM 4500-P F-20211626844-04 E: SM 10150 B-20221626844-05 B: DRAFT: Total Metals per EPA 200.71626844-05 C: EPA 351.2, EPA 353.21626844-05 D: SM 4500-P F-20211626844-05 E: # Note: Indicates container was received outside the acceptable pH range and was preserved at the laboratory. Work Order: 1626844 The result(s) issued on this report only reflect the analysis of the sample(s) submitted. For applicable test parameters, Midwest Laboratories is in compliance with NELAC requirements. Our reports and letters are for the exclusive and confidential use of our clients and may not be reproduced in whole or in part, nor may any reference be made to the work, the results, or the company in any advertising, news release, or other public announcements without obtaining our prior written authorization.Page 2 of 18387 Midwest Laboratories 13611 B Street Omaha, NE 68144 P 402-334-7770 F 402-334-9121 www.midwestlabs.com Project: Project Manager: Reported: TOWN OF VAIL - 65349 75 S Frontage Rd W PETER WADDEN Golf Course Water 2025-10-06 15:51Vail, CO 81657-5096 Analysis Results Reviewed by: DRAFT: Total Metals per EPA 200.7 reviewed by kkh9. EPA 351.2 reviewed by mgn8. EPA 353.2 reviewed by mgn8. SM 10150 B-2022 reviewed by mgn8. SM 2130 B-2020 reviewed by mgn8. SM 2320 B-2021 reviewed by jdb5. SM 2510 B-2021 reviewed by mgn8. SM 4500-P F-2021 reviewed by mgn8. SM 4500-P F-2021 reviewed by jdb5. SM 4500-H+ B-2021 reviewed by mgn8. Work Order: 1626844 The result(s) issued on this report only reflect the analysis of the sample(s) submitted. For applicable test parameters, Midwest Laboratories is in compliance with NELAC requirements. Our reports and letters are for the exclusive and confidential use of our clients and may not be reproduced in whole or in part, nor may any reference be made to the work, the results, or the company in any advertising, news release, or other public announcements without obtaining our prior written authorization.Page 3 of 18388 Midwest Laboratories 13611 B Street Omaha, NE 68144 P 402-334-7770 F 402-334-9121 www.midwestlabs.com Project: Project Manager: Reported: TOWN OF VAIL - 65349 75 S Frontage Rd W PETER WADDEN Golf Course Water 2025-10-06 15:51Vail, CO 81657-5096 Analyte Laboratory ID: 1626844-01 Result Limit Reporting AnalyzedMethod Analyst/ ContainerUnitsPrepared Sample ID: DRAFT: ID: Site 5 Sampled Date/Time: 2025-09-10 13:45 Qualifier MDL DRAFT: Total Metals Calcium mg/L EPA 200.716.94 0.10 2025-09-162025-09-15 lmh9 / (C) Hardness mg Eq CaCO3/L SM 2340 B-2011 61.82 0.66 2025-09-162025-09-15 lmh9 Magnesium mg/L EPA 200.74.74 0.10 2025-09-162025-09-15 lmh9 / (C) DRAFT: Environmental Chemistry Alkalinity to pH 4.5 (endpoint)mg CaCO3/L SM 2320 B-2021 53 20 2025-09-172025-09-17 mgn8 / (A) Chlorophyll-a ppb SM 10150 B-2022 <3 2025-09-172025-09-17 gas9 / (B) Conductivity umhos/c m SM 2510 B-2021 180 2 2025-09-122025-09-12 dsn7 / (A) Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen ppb EPA 351.2<500 2025-09-182025-09-18 jdb5 / (D) Nitrate/Nitrite Nitrogen ppb EPA 353.2<200 2025-09-182025-09-18 jsa6 / (D) Phosphorus (Dissolved Ortho)ppb SM 4500-P F-2021 <50 2025-09-12/12:362025-09-12/12:36 kjp4 / (A) Phosphorus (Total Dissolved)ppb SM 4500-P F-2021 <50 2025-09-162025-09-15 kjp4 / (E)20U Total Nitrogen mg/L Calculation<0.70 2025-09-182025-09-18 jdb5 Turbidity NTU SM 2130 B-2020 1.1 0.25 2025-09-13/10:302025-09-13/10:30 gas9 / (A)HT DRAFT: Environmental Chemistry (in lab, exceeds regulatory hold time) pH @ 22.5°C S.U.SM 4500-H+ B-2021 9.09 2025-09-122025-09-12 dsn7 / (A) Work Order: 1626844 The result(s) issued on this report only reflect the analysis of the sample(s) submitted. For applicable test parameters, Midwest Laboratories is in compliance with NELAC requirements. Our reports and letters are for the exclusive and confidential use of our clients and may not be reproduced in whole or in part, nor may any reference be made to the work, the results, or the company in any advertising, news release, or other public announcements without obtaining our prior written authorization.Page 4 of 18389 Midwest Laboratories 13611 B Street Omaha, NE 68144 P 402-334-7770 F 402-334-9121 www.midwestlabs.com Project: Project Manager: Reported: TOWN OF VAIL - 65349 75 S Frontage Rd W PETER WADDEN Golf Course Water 2025-10-06 15:51Vail, CO 81657-5096 Analyte Laboratory ID: 1626844-02 Result Limit Reporting AnalyzedMethod Analyst/ ContainerUnitsPrepared Sample ID: DRAFT: ID: Site 4 Sampled Date/Time: 2025-09-10 14:10 Qualifier MDL DRAFT: Total Metals Calcium mg/L EPA 200.718.92 0.10 2025-09-162025-09-15 lmh9 / (C) Hardness mg Eq CaCO3/L SM 2340 B-2011 67.06 0.66 2025-09-162025-09-15 lmh9 Magnesium mg/L EPA 200.74.81 0.10 2025-09-162025-09-15 lmh9 / (C) DRAFT: Environmental Chemistry Alkalinity to pH 4.5 (endpoint)mg CaCO3/L SM 2320 B-2021 60 20 2025-09-172025-09-17 mgn8 / (A) Chlorophyll-a ppb SM 10150 B-2022 <20 2025-09-172025-09-17 gas9 / (A) Conductivity umhos/c m SM 2510 B-2021 194 2 2025-09-122025-09-12 dsn7 / (A) Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen ppb EPA 351.2<500 2025-09-182025-09-18 jdb5 / (D) Nitrate/Nitrite Nitrogen ppb EPA 353.2<200 2025-09-182025-09-18 jsa6 / (D) Phosphorus (Dissolved Ortho)ppb SM 4500-P F-2021 <50 2025-09-12/12:362025-09-12/12:36 kjp4 / (A) Phosphorus (Total Dissolved)ppb SM 4500-P F-2021 <50 2025-09-162025-09-15 kjp4 / (E)20U Total Nitrogen mg/L Calculation<0.70 2025-09-182025-09-18 jdb5 Turbidity NTU SM 2130 B-2020 1.0 0.25 2025-09-13/10:302025-09-13/10:30 gas9 / (A)HT DRAFT: Environmental Chemistry (in lab, exceeds regulatory hold time) pH @ 22.4°C S.U.SM 4500-H+ B-2021 8.72 2025-09-122025-09-12 dsn7 / (A) Work Order: 1626844 The result(s) issued on this report only reflect the analysis of the sample(s) submitted. For applicable test parameters, Midwest Laboratories is in compliance with NELAC requirements. Our reports and letters are for the exclusive and confidential use of our clients and may not be reproduced in whole or in part, nor may any reference be made to the work, the results, or the company in any advertising, news release, or other public announcements without obtaining our prior written authorization.Page 5 of 18390 Midwest Laboratories 13611 B Street Omaha, NE 68144 P 402-334-7770 F 402-334-9121 www.midwestlabs.com Project: Project Manager: Reported: TOWN OF VAIL - 65349 75 S Frontage Rd W PETER WADDEN Golf Course Water 2025-10-06 15:51Vail, CO 81657-5096 Analyte Laboratory ID: 1626844-03 Result Limit Reporting AnalyzedMethod Analyst/ ContainerUnitsPrepared Sample ID: DRAFT: ID: Site 3 Sampled Date/Time: 2025-09-10 14:20 Qualifier MDL DRAFT: Total Metals Calcium mg/L EPA 200.720.79 0.10 2025-09-162025-09-15 lmh9 / (C) Hardness mg Eq CaCO3/L SM 2340 B-2011 72.65 0.66 2025-09-162025-09-15 lmh9 Magnesium mg/L EPA 200.75.04 0.10 2025-09-162025-09-15 lmh9 / (C) DRAFT: Environmental Chemistry Alkalinity to pH 4.5 (endpoint)mg CaCO3/L SM 2320 B-2021 63 20 2025-09-172025-09-17 mgn8 / (A) Chlorophyll-a ppb SM 10150 B-2022 <20 2025-09-172025-09-17 gas9 / (A) Conductivity umhos/c m SM 2510 B-2021 207 2 2025-09-122025-09-12 dsn7 / (A) Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen ppb EPA 351.2<500 2025-09-182025-09-18 jdb5 / (D) Nitrate/Nitrite Nitrogen ppb EPA 353.2<200 2025-09-182025-09-18 jsa6 / (D) Phosphorus (Dissolved Ortho)ppb SM 4500-P F-2021 <50 2025-09-12/12:362025-09-12/12:36 kjp4 / (A) Phosphorus (Total Dissolved)ppb SM 4500-P F-2021 <50 2025-09-162025-09-15 kjp4 / (E)20U Total Nitrogen mg/L Calculation<0.70 2025-09-182025-09-18 jdb5 Turbidity NTU SM 2130 B-2020 0.35 0.25 2025-09-13/10:302025-09-13/10:30 gas9 / (A)HT DRAFT: Environmental Chemistry (in lab, exceeds regulatory hold time) pH @ 22.5°C S.U.SM 4500-H+ B-2021 8.07 2025-09-122025-09-12 dsn7 / (A) Work Order: 1626844 The result(s) issued on this report only reflect the analysis of the sample(s) submitted. For applicable test parameters, Midwest Laboratories is in compliance with NELAC requirements. Our reports and letters are for the exclusive and confidential use of our clients and may not be reproduced in whole or in part, nor may any reference be made to the work, the results, or the company in any advertising, news release, or other public announcements without obtaining our prior written authorization.Page 6 of 18391 Midwest Laboratories 13611 B Street Omaha, NE 68144 P 402-334-7770 F 402-334-9121 www.midwestlabs.com Project: Project Manager: Reported: TOWN OF VAIL - 65349 75 S Frontage Rd W PETER WADDEN Golf Course Water 2025-10-06 15:51Vail, CO 81657-5096 Analyte Laboratory ID: 1626844-04 Result Limit Reporting AnalyzedMethod Analyst/ ContainerUnitsPrepared Sample ID: DRAFT: ID: Site 2 Sampled Date/Time: 2025-09-10 14:35 Qualifier MDL DRAFT: Total Metals Calcium mg/L EPA 200.718.70 0.10 2025-09-162025-09-15 lmh9 / (C) Hardness mg Eq CaCO3/L SM 2340 B-2011 67.09 0.66 2025-09-162025-09-15 lmh9 Magnesium mg/L EPA 200.74.95 0.10 2025-09-162025-09-15 lmh9 / (C) DRAFT: Environmental Chemistry Alkalinity to pH 4.5 (endpoint)mg CaCO3/L SM 2320 B-2021 57 20 2025-09-172025-09-17 mgn8 / (A) Chlorophyll-a ppb SM 10150 B-2022 <3 2025-09-172025-09-17 gas9 / (B) Conductivity umhos/c m SM 2510 B-2021 188 2 2025-09-122025-09-12 dsn7 / (A) Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen ppb EPA 351.2<500 2025-09-182025-09-18 jdb5 / (D) Nitrate/Nitrite Nitrogen ppb EPA 353.2<200 2025-09-182025-09-18 jsa6 / (D) Phosphorus (Dissolved Ortho)ppb SM 4500-P F-2021 <50 2025-09-12/12:362025-09-12/12:36 kjp4 / (A) Phosphorus (Total Dissolved)ppb SM 4500-P F-2021 <50 2025-09-162025-09-15 kjp4 / (E)20U Total Nitrogen mg/L Calculation<0.70 2025-09-182025-09-18 jdb5 Turbidity NTU SM 2130 B-2020 1.3 0.25 2025-09-13/10:302025-09-13/10:30 gas9 / (A)HT DRAFT: Environmental Chemistry (in lab, exceeds regulatory hold time) pH @ 22.4°C S.U.SM 4500-H+ B-2021 9.00 2025-09-122025-09-12 dsn7 / (A) Work Order: 1626844 The result(s) issued on this report only reflect the analysis of the sample(s) submitted. For applicable test parameters, Midwest Laboratories is in compliance with NELAC requirements. Our reports and letters are for the exclusive and confidential use of our clients and may not be reproduced in whole or in part, nor may any reference be made to the work, the results, or the company in any advertising, news release, or other public announcements without obtaining our prior written authorization.Page 7 of 18392 Midwest Laboratories 13611 B Street Omaha, NE 68144 P 402-334-7770 F 402-334-9121 www.midwestlabs.com Project: Project Manager: Reported: TOWN OF VAIL - 65349 75 S Frontage Rd W PETER WADDEN Golf Course Water 2025-10-06 15:51Vail, CO 81657-5096 Analyte Laboratory ID: 1626844-05 Result Limit Reporting AnalyzedMethod Analyst/ ContainerUnitsPrepared Sample ID: DRAFT: ID: Site 1 Sampled Date/Time: 2025-09-10 14:45 Qualifier MDL DRAFT: Total Metals Calcium mg/L EPA 200.729.07 0.10 2025-09-162025-09-15 lmh9 / (C) Hardness mg Eq CaCO3/L SM 2340 B-2011 121.6 0.66 2025-09-162025-09-15 lmh9 Magnesium mg/L EPA 200.711.89 0.10 2025-09-162025-09-15 lmh9 / (C) DRAFT: Environmental Chemistry Chlorophyll-a ppb SM 10150 B-2022 <3 2025-09-172025-09-17 gas9 / (B) Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen ppb EPA 351.2<500 2025-09-182025-09-18 jdb5 / (D) Nitrate/Nitrite Nitrogen ppb EPA 353.2<200 2025-09-182025-09-18 jsa6 / (D) Phosphorus (Total Dissolved)ppb SM 4500-P F-2021 <50 2025-09-162025-09-15 kjp4 / (E)20U Total Nitrogen mg/L Calculation<0.70 2025-09-182025-09-18 jdb5 Work Order: 1626844 The result(s) issued on this report only reflect the analysis of the sample(s) submitted. For applicable test parameters, Midwest Laboratories is in compliance with NELAC requirements. Our reports and letters are for the exclusive and confidential use of our clients and may not be reproduced in whole or in part, nor may any reference be made to the work, the results, or the company in any advertising, news release, or other public announcements without obtaining our prior written authorization.Page 8 of 18393 Midwest Laboratories 13611 B Street Omaha, NE 68144 P 402-334-7770 F 402-334-9121 www.midwestlabs.com Project: Project Manager: Reported: TOWN OF VAIL - 65349 75 S Frontage Rd W PETER WADDEN Golf Course Water 2025-10-06 15:51Vail, CO 81657-5096 Result Limit Reporting Units Level Spike Result Source %REC %REC Limits RPD RPD Limit Notes Analyte DRAFT: Total Metals - Quality Control Batch B959459 Blank (B959459-BLK1)Prepared: 2025-09-15 Analyzed: 2025-09-16 mg/L<Calcium 0.10 mg/L<Magnesium 0.10 LCS (B959459-BS1)Prepared: 2025-09-15 Analyzed: 2025-09-16 51.0 85-11590.6mg/L46.19Calcium 0.10 21.0 85-11588.3mg/L18.55Magnesium 0.10 Work Order: 1626844 The result(s) issued on this report only reflect the analysis of the sample(s) submitted. For applicable test parameters, Midwest Laboratories is in compliance with NELAC requirements. Our reports and letters are for the exclusive and confidential use of our clients and may not be reproduced in whole or in part, nor may any reference be made to the work, the results, or the company in any advertising, news release, or other public announcements without obtaining our prior written authorization.Page 9 of 18394 Midwest Laboratories 13611 B Street Omaha, NE 68144 P 402-334-7770 F 402-334-9121 www.midwestlabs.com Project: Project Manager: Reported: TOWN OF VAIL - 65349 75 S Frontage Rd W PETER WADDEN Golf Course Water 2025-10-06 15:51Vail, CO 81657-5096 Result Limit Reporting Units Level Spike Result Source %REC %REC Limits RPD RPD Limit Notes Analyte DRAFT: Environmental Chemistry - Quality Control Batch B959411 Blank (B959411-BLK1)Prepared & Analyzed: 2025-09-12 ppb<Phosphorus (Dissolved Ortho)50 LCS (B959411-BS1)Prepared & Analyzed: 2025-09-12 2500 90-110101ppb2524Phosphorus (Dissolved Ortho)50 Matrix Spike (B959411-MS1)Prepared & Analyzed: 2025-09-12Source: 1626844-01 500 90-110100ppb<501Phosphorus (Dissolved Ortho)50 Matrix Spike Dup (B959411-MSD1)Prepared & Analyzed: 2025-09-12Source: 1626844-01 500 1090-110101 0.795ppb<505Phosphorus (Dissolved Ortho)50 Batch B959429 Blank (B959429-BLK1)Prepared & Analyzed: 2025-09-17 ppb<Chlorophyll-a 3 Batch B959430 Blank (B959430-BLK1)Prepared & Analyzed: 2025-09-13 NTU<Turbidity 0.25 Blank (B959430-BLK2)Prepared & Analyzed: 2025-09-13 NTU<Turbidity 0.25 LCS (B959430-BS1)Prepared & Analyzed: 2025-09-13 21.4 90-110100NTU22Turbidity0.25 Work Order: 1626844 The result(s) issued on this report only reflect the analysis of the sample(s) submitted. For applicable test parameters, Midwest Laboratories is in compliance with NELAC requirements. Our reports and letters are for the exclusive and confidential use of our clients and may not be reproduced in whole or in part, nor may any reference be made to the work, the results, or the company in any advertising, news release, or other public announcements without obtaining our prior written authorization.Page 10 of 18395 Midwest Laboratories 13611 B Street Omaha, NE 68144 P 402-334-7770 F 402-334-9121 www.midwestlabs.com Project: Project Manager: Reported: TOWN OF VAIL - 65349 75 S Frontage Rd W PETER WADDEN Golf Course Water 2025-10-06 15:51Vail, CO 81657-5096 Result Limit Reporting Units Level Spike Result Source %REC %REC Limits RPD RPD Limit Notes Analyte DRAFT: Environmental Chemistry - Quality Control Batch B959430 LCS (B959430-BS2)Prepared & Analyzed: 2025-09-13 21.4 90-110101NTU22Turbidity0.25 Duplicate (B959430-DUP1)Prepared & Analyzed: 2025-09-13Source: 1626844-04 100.00NTU1.31.3Turbidity 0.25 Batch B959446 LCS (B959446-BS1)Prepared & Analyzed: 2025-09-12 1000 95-10599.1umhos/cm990.7Conductivity 2 LCS (B959446-BS2)Prepared & Analyzed: 2025-09-12 1000 95-10598.4umhos/cm984.2Conductivity 2 LCS (B959446-BS3)Prepared & Analyzed: 2025-09-12 1000 95-10597.8umhos/cm977.7Conductivity 2 Duplicate (B959446-DUP1)Prepared & Analyzed: 2025-09-12Source: 1624425-01 100.319umhos/cm 817.6815.0Conductivity 2 Duplicate (B959446-DUP2)Prepared & Analyzed: 2025-09-12Source: 1626844-01 100.498umhos/cm 180.1181.0Conductivity 2 Batch B959477 Blank (B959477-BLK1)Prepared: 2025-09-15 Analyzed: 2025-09-16 Uppb<Phosphorus (Total Dissolved)20 Work Order: 1626844 The result(s) issued on this report only reflect the analysis of the sample(s) submitted. For applicable test parameters, Midwest Laboratories is in compliance with NELAC requirements. Our reports and letters are for the exclusive and confidential use of our clients and may not be reproduced in whole or in part, nor may any reference be made to the work, the results, or the company in any advertising, news release, or other public announcements without obtaining our prior written authorization.Page 11 of 18396 Midwest Laboratories 13611 B Street Omaha, NE 68144 P 402-334-7770 F 402-334-9121 www.midwestlabs.com Project: Project Manager: Reported: TOWN OF VAIL - 65349 75 S Frontage Rd W PETER WADDEN Golf Course Water 2025-10-06 15:51Vail, CO 81657-5096 Result Limit Reporting Units Level Spike Result Source %REC %REC Limits RPD RPD Limit Notes Analyte DRAFT: Environmental Chemistry - Quality Control Batch B959477 LCS (B959477-BS1)Prepared: 2025-09-15 Analyzed: 2025-09-16 500 90-11095.0ppb475Phosphorus (Total Dissolved)20 Matrix Spike (B959477-MS1)Prepared: 2025-09-15 Analyzed: 2025-09-16Source: 1626844-01 500 90-11098.0ppb<490Phosphorus (Total Dissolved)20 Matrix Spike Dup (B959477-MSD1)Prepared: 2025-09-15 Analyzed: 2025-09-16Source: 1626844-01 500 1090-11095.6 2.48ppb<478Phosphorus (Total Dissolved)20 Batch B959610 Blank (B959610-BLK1)Prepared & Analyzed: 2025-09-18 ppb<Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen 500 LCS (B959610-BS1)Prepared & Analyzed: 2025-09-18 2000 90-110101ppb2020Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen 500 Matrix Spike (B959610-MS1)Prepared & Analyzed: 2025-09-18Source: 1625664-01 2000 90-110105ppb12603360Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen 500 Matrix Spike (B959610-MS2)Prepared & Analyzed: 2025-09-18Source: 1627068-01 10000 90-110103ppb2254032880Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen 2500 Matrix Spike Dup (B959610-MSD1)Prepared & Analyzed: 2025-09-18Source: 1625664-01 2000 1090-110104 0.597ppb12603340Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen 500 Matrix Spike Dup (B959610-MSD2)Prepared & Analyzed: 2025-09-18Source: 1627068-01 10000 1090-110100 0.947ppb2254032570Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen 2500 Work Order: 1626844 The result(s) issued on this report only reflect the analysis of the sample(s) submitted. For applicable test parameters, Midwest Laboratories is in compliance with NELAC requirements. Our reports and letters are for the exclusive and confidential use of our clients and may not be reproduced in whole or in part, nor may any reference be made to the work, the results, or the company in any advertising, news release, or other public announcements without obtaining our prior written authorization.Page 12 of 18397 Midwest Laboratories 13611 B Street Omaha, NE 68144 P 402-334-7770 F 402-334-9121 www.midwestlabs.com Project: Project Manager: Reported: TOWN OF VAIL - 65349 75 S Frontage Rd W PETER WADDEN Golf Course Water 2025-10-06 15:51Vail, CO 81657-5096 Result Limit Reporting Units Level Spike Result Source %REC %REC Limits RPD RPD Limit Notes Analyte DRAFT: Environmental Chemistry - Quality Control Batch B959611 Blank (B959611-BLK1)Prepared & Analyzed: 2025-09-17 mg CaCO3/L<Alkalinity to pH 4.5 (endpoint)20 LCS (B959611-BS1)Prepared & Analyzed: 2025-09-17 1000 90-110102mg CaCO3/L1025Alkalinity to pH 4.5 (endpoint)20 Duplicate (B959611-DUP1)Prepared & Analyzed: 2025-09-17Source: 1626844-02 100.167mg CaCO3/L 59.859.9Alkalinity to pH 4.5 (endpoint)20 Batch B959618 Blank (B959618-BLK1)Prepared & Analyzed: 2025-09-18 ppb<Nitrate/Nitrite Nitrogen 200 LCS (B959618-BS1)Prepared & Analyzed: 2025-09-18 5000 90-110102ppb5080Nitrate/Nitrite Nitrogen 200 Matrix Spike (B959618-MS1)Prepared & Analyzed: 2025-09-18Source: 1626844-01 4000 90-11099.0ppb<3960Nitrate/Nitrite Nitrogen 200 Matrix Spike (B959618-MS2)Prepared & Analyzed: 2025-09-18Source: 1627049-03 4000 90-11098.6ppb<3940Nitrate/Nitrite Nitrogen 200 Matrix Spike Dup (B959618-MSD1)Prepared & Analyzed: 2025-09-18Source: 1626844-01 4000 1090-110100 1.40ppb<4020Nitrate/Nitrite Nitrogen 200 Matrix Spike Dup (B959618-MSD2)Prepared & Analyzed: 2025-09-18Source: 1627049-03 4000 1090-11099.4 0.808ppb<3980Nitrate/Nitrite Nitrogen 200 Work Order: 1626844 The result(s) issued on this report only reflect the analysis of the sample(s) submitted. For applicable test parameters, Midwest Laboratories is in compliance with NELAC requirements. Our reports and letters are for the exclusive and confidential use of our clients and may not be reproduced in whole or in part, nor may any reference be made to the work, the results, or the company in any advertising, news release, or other public announcements without obtaining our prior written authorization.Page 13 of 18398 Midwest Laboratories 13611 B Street Omaha, NE 68144 P 402-334-7770 F 402-334-9121 www.midwestlabs.com Project: Project Manager: Reported: TOWN OF VAIL - 65349 75 S Frontage Rd W PETER WADDEN Golf Course Water 2025-10-06 15:51Vail, CO 81657-5096 Result Limit Reporting Units Level Spike Result Source %REC %REC Limits RPD RPD Limit Notes Analyte DRAFT: Environmental Chemistry (in lab, exceeds regulatory hold time) - Quality Control Batch B959448 Duplicate (B959448-DUP1)Prepared & Analyzed: 2025-09-12Source: 1624425-01 100.272S.U.7.357.37pH @ 21.5°C Duplicate (B959448-DUP2)Prepared & Analyzed: 2025-09-12Source: 1626018-02 100.361S.U.8.338.30pH @ 22.2°C Duplicate (B959448-DUP3)Prepared & Analyzed: 2025-09-12Source: 1626844-02 104.59S.U.8.729.13pH @ 22.6°C Reference (B959448-SRM1)Prepared & Analyzed: 2025-09-12 7.00 99-10199.9S.U.6.99pH @ 22.7°C Work Order: 1626844 The result(s) issued on this report only reflect the analysis of the sample(s) submitted. For applicable test parameters, Midwest Laboratories is in compliance with NELAC requirements. Our reports and letters are for the exclusive and confidential use of our clients and may not be reproduced in whole or in part, nor may any reference be made to the work, the results, or the company in any advertising, news release, or other public announcements without obtaining our prior written authorization.Page 14 of 18399 Midwest Laboratories 13611 B Street Omaha, NE 68144 P 402-334-7770 F 402-334-9121 www.midwestlabs.com Project: Project Manager: Reported: TOWN OF VAIL - 65349 75 S Frontage Rd W PETER WADDEN Golf Course Water 2025-10-06 15:51Vail, CO 81657-5096 Certified Analyses included in this Report CertificationsAnalyteMethod TX,KS,FL,UT,IA,OKCalciumEPA 200.7 in Aqueous FL,KS,TX,UT,IA,OKMagnesium IA,UT,FLTotal Kjeldahl NitrogenEPA 351.2 in Aqueous TX,FL,UT,IA,KS,NENitrate/Nitrite NitrogenEPA 353.2 in Aqueous FL,KS,TXTurbiditySM 2130 B-2020 in Aqueous FL,TX,KS,UT,IAAlkalinity to pH 4.5 (endpoint)SM 2320 B-2021 in Aqueous KS,UT,FLConductivitySM 2510 B-2021 in Aqueous FL,KSpHSM 4500-H+ B-2021 in Aqueous FL,UT,TX,KS,IA,OKPhosphorus (Dissolved Ortho)SM 4500-P F-2021 in Aqueous FL,IA,KS,TXPhosphorus (Total Dissolved) Non-Certified Analyses included in this Report AnalyteMethod Chlorophyll-aSM 10150 B-2022 in Aqueous Code Description Number Expires E87918Florida Department of Health 06/30/2026FL 064Iowa Department of Natural Resources 05/01/2027IA E-10402Kansas Department of Health and Environment 04/30/2026KS NE-04-05State of Nebraska Dept of Health & Human Services 06/30/2026NE 2024-152Oklahoma Department of Environmental Quality 08/31/2025OK TX-C25-00210Texas Commission on Environmental Quality 07/31/2026TX NE000012025-15State of Utah Department of Health 07/31/2026UT C912State of Washington Department of Ecology 06/07/2026WA Work Order: 1626844 The result(s) issued on this report only reflect the analysis of the sample(s) submitted. For applicable test parameters, Midwest Laboratories is in compliance with NELAC requirements. Our reports and letters are for the exclusive and confidential use of our clients and may not be reproduced in whole or in part, nor may any reference be made to the work, the results, or the company in any advertising, news release, or other public announcements without obtaining our prior written authorization.Page 15 of 18400 Midwest Laboratories 13611 B Street Omaha, NE 68144 P 402-334-7770 F 402-334-9121 www.midwestlabs.com Project: Project Manager: Reported: TOWN OF VAIL - 65349 75 S Frontage Rd W PETER WADDEN Golf Course Water 2025-10-06 15:51Vail, CO 81657-5096 Notes and Definitions U Analyte included in the analysis, but not detected HT Hold time exceeded, not suitable for regulatory purposes. Sample results reported on a dry weight basis Relative Percent DifferenceRPD dry Not ReportedNR Less than reporting limit< EPA 524.2, EPA 624.1, EPA 8260, OA-1, TCLP VOC, and all microbiological analyses are conducted to in the facility located at 13606 B Street, Omaha, NE, 68144. All other analyses are conducted in the main facility located at 13611 B Street, Omaha, NE 68144. Sample results reported on an as received basiswet All samples will be reported on an As Received basis unless marked as “dry” in the reporting units. MDL Method Detection Limit Work Order: 1626844 The result(s) issued on this report only reflect the analysis of the sample(s) submitted. For applicable test parameters, Midwest Laboratories is in compliance with NELAC requirements. Our reports and letters are for the exclusive and confidential use of our clients and may not be reproduced in whole or in part, nor may any reference be made to the work, the results, or the company in any advertising, news release, or other public announcements without obtaining our prior written authorization.Page 16 of 18401 Page 17 of 18 402 Page 18 of 18 403 PROPOSAL FOR: Town of Vail: Vail Golf Club Scott Schreiber, P.E., CFM Executive Vice President and Principal of Stream and Watershed Services Wright Water Engineers, Inc. sschreiber@wrightwater.com PROPOSAL BY: Eryn Adrian Business Development Consultant SOLitude Lake Management 8115 W. 48th Ave. Wheat Ridge, CO 80033 eryn.adrian@solitudelake.com 2026 Annual Pond Management 1 September 30th, 2025 404 Serving Clients Nationwide | 888.480.LAKE | solitudelakemanagement.com Vail Golf Club Pond Management Areas 2 405 Serving Clients Nationwide | 888.480.LAKE | solitudelakemanagement.com Pond Management Recommendations Wright Water Engineers have included us in the planning for the project at Vail Golf Club in the Town of Vail. Our role focuses on applying our pond management expertise to provide recommendations for the five ponds that are being kept as part of stream and course renovations. After our initial water quality assessment in May 2025, we found that all of the five ponds tested are in great condition from a water chemistry perspective. For future maintenance efforts to reduce and prevent growth of algae and aquatic vegetation, our management approach focuses on three key areas. 1.Nutrient Monitoring and Remediation Excess phosphorus and nitrogen serve as the primary nutrient sources fueling algae and unwanted aquatic vegetation growth. To manage these effectively, our approach will focus on routine water quality and sediment monitoring, targeted nutrient remediation strategies, and the application of beneficial bacteria. These tools will help maintain nutrient levels within acceptable parameters and support long-term water quality improvement. 2.Aeration System Installation Installing aeration systems in the ponds will provide consistent circulation throughout the water column. This movement is critical in reducing eutrophication by distributing oxygen evenly, minimizing stagnant zones, and improving overall water quality. Enhanced circulation supports a balanced and healthy aquatic ecosystem, reducing the likelihood of algal blooms and buildup of organic matter. 3.Active Algae and Aquatic Vegetation Management Given the concerns about using copper-based algaecides, we recommend stocking triploid grass carp to help manage the chara identified in the ponds. In Colorado, grass carp stocked west of the Continental Divide must be triploid (sterile) and incapable of reproduction. To comply with state regulations and prevent escape, any pond outflows that connect to nearby rivers must be screened to contain the fish within the pond system. The following pages layout our plan recommendations for monthly maintenance, aeration installations, and fish stocking. 3 406 Serving Clients Nationwide | 888.480.LAKE | solitudelakemanagement.com SCHEDULE A - ANNUAL POND MANAGEMENT SERVICES Monitoring: 1.A SOLitude Aquatic Specialist will visit and inspect the ponds on a one (1) time per month in May and two (2) times per month basis during the months of June through September. 2.Observations and data collected during the inspections will be used to inform and guide all activities required to fulfill the requirements of this contract as specified in the description of services below. Visual Inspections: 1. A visual inspection of the ponds will be performed during each visit to the site. The inspections shall include the following: ●Water levels ●Water clarity or quality ●Turbidity ●Beneficial Aquatic Vegetation ●Nuisance, Invasive, or Exotic Aquatic Vegetation ●Algae ●Erosion ●Vegetated buffers ●Nuisance animal activity ●Fish habitat ●Trash and debris 2. Any issues or deficiencies that are observed during this visual monitoring will be documented by our staff in the field notes of the service order completed at the time the issue was first observed and reported to the Customer in writing as part of that month’s service report. 3. Customer will be notified immediately if there are any deficiencies observed that appear in the judgment of our staff to be posing an immediate risk or otherwise jeopardizing the integrity of the pond structures. 4 407 Serving Clients Nationwide | 888.480.LAKE | solitudelakemanagement.com SCHEDULE A - ANNUAL POND MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED). Water Quality & Sediment Testing Services: 1. Water and sediment samples from Sites 1-5 will be collected and tested on a two (2) times per year during the months of June and September for the following parameters: Water: pH, Dissolved Oxygen, Temperature, Alkalinity, Hardness, Nitrates & Nitrites, Total Nitrogen, Chlorophyll a, Conductivity, Total Phosphorus, Free Reactive Phosphorus, and Turbidity Sediment: % Solids, Moisture Content, Bulk Density, % Organic Matter, Potentially Releasable Phosphorus, and Total Phosphorus 2.The results of the tests along with recommendations and analysis of the results will be provided to the customer in a written report. Any data collected that requires immediate action to resolve an issue will be brought to the owner’s attention at once. Nutrient Remediation: 1. We have a variety of nutrient remediation options available for both the water column and the sediment layer. Based on the water and sediment sampling data, our team will apply the product that best fits the ponds chemistry. This is anticipated to be a once or twice per season service. Biological Augmentation: 1.Ponds will be inoculated with a combination of Beneficial Aerobic Bacteria, Enzymes, and other microbial or natural nutrient binding and limiting products as required for the proper maintenance of the ponds once the sustained water temperature reaches approximately 55 degrees. 2.Ponds will receive maintenance rate applications of Beneficial Aerobic Bacteria, Enzymes, and other microbial products throughout the contract period, or until such time as the sustained water temperature drops below 50 degrees. 3.Application of Beneficial Aerobic Bacteria, Enzymes, and other microbial products are made for the purpose of metabolizing excess nutrients in the water and digesting organic matter and bottom sludge, thus removing the primary cause of algae and preventing future algae growth. 4.Reduction in the amount of organic matter and bottom sludge in the ponds will also help to extend the overall life of the ponds and reduce the amount of maintenance cleaning required to maintain the functionality of the ponds. 5.This will be the regular maintenance services provided during the bi-weekly visits. 5 408 Serving Clients Nationwide | 888.480.LAKE | solitudelakemanagement.com SCHEDULE A - ANNUAL POND MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED). Aeration System Maintenance: 1. Company will service the Aeration Systems on a one (1) time per month basis during the months of June through September as follows: Compressor will be tested to ensure proper operation. Cabinet Cooling Exhaust Fan will be checked to ensure proper operation. Compressor Air Filter / Muffler Assembly will be checked, cleaned, and replaced as needed. Diffuser air stones and/or membranes will be cleaned and replaced as needed. 2. All necessary repairs (parts & labor) covered by warranty will be performed at no additional charge to the Customer. 3. All replacement parts required for proper maintenance of the aeration systems will be billed as an additional charge. 4. Any significant problems / malfunctions that are discovered during the maintenance service which are no longer under warranty, which are not part of routine maintenance, and that will require additional labor and/or parts, will be written up and submitted to the Customer for his / her approval prior to proceeding with the work. 5. All aerator work will be performed by factory certified service and repair technicians. 6 409 Serving Clients Nationwide | 888.480.LAKE | solitudelakemanagement.com SCHEDULE A - AERATION SYSTEMS INSTALLATIONS Aeration System Installation: Site 1 - Island Pond 1. Company will install the following submersed air diffused solar aeration system: Keeton SB-2 Solaer: Solar Powered Aerator Includes:One (1) 300W Solar Panel with Mounting Brackets Backup Battery System 24VDC Compressor Pressure Relief Valve Pressure Gauge Weather Resistant Cabinet with sound reduction and cooling packages Large Equipment Pad (30x42x3) Digital Timer Adjustable Air Distribution Manifold Solar Charge Controller Four (4) 7” Duraplate Air Diffuser (Single Membrane / Self Cleaning) 1200 ft. underwater self-weighted air delivery tubing (½” ID / 1.00” OD) All labor and parts necessary for proper installation 2.0” SCHED 40 Steel Mast to mount the Solar Panel 2. Air Diffusers will be evenly placed throughout the lake in the deepest areas possible to provide for uniform coverage and to maximize the benefits of aeration on the lake. Warranty: 1.Company warrants that all installation work will be done in a safe and professional manner. 2.Manufacturer warrants system for two (2) years from the date of installation against any defects in materials and workmanship. 3.Manufacturer has a Lifetime Warranty for Duraplate Diffusers and Self-Weighted Tubing from the date of installation against any defects in materials and workmanship. 4.Company warrants all labor and parts necessary for installation of the fountain aeration system for a period of one (1) year from the date of installation. 5.The manufacturer’s warranty and the SŌLitude Lake Management® warranty will be voided if: a.Any person not specifically authorized by the manufacturer and by SŌLitude Lake Management® performs any service, repair, or other work to the aeration system during the warranty period. b.The aeration system is used in any manner inconsistent with its intended use or in any manner that is not in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. 7 410 Serving Clients Nationwide | 888.480.LAKE | solitudelakemanagement.com Island Pond Solar Aerator Install Plans 8 411 Serving Clients Nationwide | 888.480.LAKE | solitudelakemanagement.com SCHEDULE A - AERATION SYSTEM INSTALLATIONS Aeration System Installation: Site 2 1. Company will install the following submersed air diffused solar aeration system: Keeton SB-1 Solaer: Solar Powered Aerator Includes:One (1) 300W Solar Panel with Mounting Brackets Backup Battery System 24VDC Compressor Pressure Relief Valve Pressure Gauge Weather Resistant Cabinet with sound reduction and cooling packages Medium Equipment Pad (30x30x3) Digital Timer Adjustable Air Distribution Manifold Solar Charge Controller Two (2) 7” Duraplate Air Diffuser (Single Membrane / Self Cleaning) 300 ft. underwater self-weighted air delivery tubing (½” ID / 1.00” OD) All labor and parts necessary for proper installation 2.0” SCHED 40 Steel Mast to mount the Solar Panel 2. Air Diffusers will be evenly placed throughout the lake in the deepest areas possible to provide for uniform coverage and to maximize the benefits of aeration on the lake. Warranty: 1.Company warrants that all installation work will be done in a safe and professional manner. 2.Manufacturer warrants system for two (2) years from the date of installation against any defects in materials and workmanship. 3.Manufacturer has a Lifetime Warranty for Duraplate Diffusers and Self-Weighted Tubing from the date of installation against any defects in materials and workmanship. 4.Company warrants all labor and parts necessary for installation of the fountain aeration system for a period of one (1) year from the date of installation. 5.The manufacturer’s warranty and the SŌLitude Lake Management® warranty will be voided if: a.Any person not specifically authorized by the manufacturer and by SŌLitude Lake Management® performs any service, repair, or other work to the aeration system during the warranty period. b.The aeration system is used in any manner inconsistent with its intended use or in any manner that is not in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. 9 412 Serving Clients Nationwide | 888.480.LAKE | solitudelakemanagement.com Site 2 Solar Aerator Install Plans 10 413 Serving Clients Nationwide | 888.480.LAKE | solitudelakemanagement.com SCHEDULE A - AERATION SYSTEM INSTALLATIONS Aeration System Installation: Site 3 1. Company will install the following submersed air diffused solar aeration system: Keeton Pro Series Aeration System (1.0) Includes:One (1) ½ HP Compressor (115V) Pressure Relief Valve Pressure Gauge High Volume Cooling Blower Weather Resistant Cabinet (Tan) One (1) 4 Valve Aluminum Manifold Programmable Digital Timer Two (2) 9” Duraplate Air Diffuser (Single Membrane / Self Cleaning) 300 ft. underwater self-weighted air delivery tubing (½” ID / 1.00” OD) All labor and parts necessary for proper installation 2. Air Diffusers will be evenly placed throughout the lake in the deepest areas possible to provide for uniform coverage and to maximize the benefits of aeration on the lake. Warranty: 1.Company warrants that all installation work will be done in a safe and professional manner. 2.Manufacturer warrants system for two (2) years from the date of installation against any defects in materials and workmanship. 3.Manufacturer has a Lifetime Warranty for Duraplate Diffusers and Self-Weighted Tubing from the date of installation against any defects in materials and workmanship. 4.Company warrants all labor and parts necessary for installation of the fountain aeration system for a period of one (1) year from the date of installation. 5.The manufacturer’s warranty and the SŌLitude Lake Management® warranty will be voided if: a.Any person not specifically authorized by the manufacturer and by SŌLitude Lake Management® performs any service, repair, or other work to the aeration system during the warranty period. b.The aeration system is used in any manner inconsistent with its intended use or in any manner that is not in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. 11 414 Serving Clients Nationwide | 888.480.LAKE | solitudelakemanagement.com Site 3 Aerator Install Plans 12 415 Serving Clients Nationwide | 888.480.LAKE | solitudelakemanagement.com SCHEDULE A - AERATION SYSTEM INSTALLATIONS Aeration System Installation: Site 4 1. Company will install the following submersed air diffused solar aeration system: Keeton Pro Series Aeration System (1.0) Includes:One (1) ½ HP Compressor (115V) Pressure Relief Valve Pressure Gauge High Volume Cooling Blower Weather Resistant Cabinet (Tan) One (1) 4 Valve Aluminum Manifold Programmable Digital Timer Two (2) 9” Duraplate Air Diffuser (Single Membrane / Self Cleaning) 300 ft. underwater self-weighted air delivery tubing (½” ID / 1.00” OD) All labor and parts necessary for proper installation 2. Air Diffusers will be evenly placed throughout the lake in the deepest areas possible to provide for uniform coverage and to maximize the benefits of aeration on the lake. Warranty: 1.Company warrants that all installation work will be done in a safe and professional manner. 2.Manufacturer warrants system for two (2) years from the date of installation against any defects in materials and workmanship. 3.Manufacturer has a Lifetime Warranty for Duraplate Diffusers and Self-Weighted Tubing from the date of installation against any defects in materials and workmanship. 4.Company warrants all labor and parts necessary for installation of the fountain aeration system for a period of one (1) year from the date of installation. 5.The manufacturer’s warranty and the SŌLitude Lake Management® warranty will be voided if: a.Any person not specifically authorized by the manufacturer and by SŌLitude Lake Management® performs any service, repair, or other work to the aeration system during the warranty period. b.The aeration system is used in any manner inconsistent with its intended use or in any manner that is not in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. 13 416 Serving Clients Nationwide | 888.480.LAKE | solitudelakemanagement.com Site 4 Aerator Install Plans 14 417 Serving Clients Nationwide | 888.480.LAKE | solitudelakemanagement.com SCHEDULE A - AERATION SYSTEM INSTALLATIONS Aeration System Installation: Site 5 1. Company will install the following submersed air diffused solar aeration system: Keeton SB-1 Solaer: Solar Powered Aerator Includes:One (1) 300W Solar Panel with Mounting Brackets Backup Battery System 24VDC Compressor Pressure Relief Valve Pressure Gauge Weather Resistant Cabinet with sound reduction and cooling packages Medium Equipment Pad (30x30x3) Digital Timer Adjustable Air Distribution Manifold Solar Charge Controller Two (2) 7” Duraplate Air Diffuser (Single Membrane / Self Cleaning) 300 ft. underwater self-weighted air delivery tubing (½” ID / 1.00” OD) All labor and parts necessary for proper installation 2.0” SCHED 40 Steel Mast to mount the Solar Panel 2. Air Diffusers will be evenly placed throughout the lake in the deepest areas possible to provide for uniform coverage and to maximize the benefits of aeration on the lake. Warranty: 1.Company warrants that all installation work will be done in a safe and professional manner. 2.Manufacturer warrants system for two (2) years from the date of installation against any defects in materials and workmanship. 3.Manufacturer has a Lifetime Warranty for Duraplate Diffusers and Self-Weighted Tubing from the date of installation against any defects in materials and workmanship. 4.Company warrants all labor and parts necessary for installation of the fountain aeration system for a period of one (1) year from the date of installation. 5.The manufacturer’s warranty and the SŌLitude Lake Management® warranty will be voided if: a.Any person not specifically authorized by the manufacturer and by SŌLitude Lake Management® performs any service, repair, or other work to the aeration system during the warranty period. b.The aeration system is used in any manner inconsistent with its intended use or in any manner that is not in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. 15 418 Serving Clients Nationwide | 888.480.LAKE | solitudelakemanagement.com P6 Solar Aerator Install Plans 16 419 Serving Clients Nationwide | 888.480.LAKE | solitudelakemanagement.com SCHEDULE A - FISH STOCKING SERVICES. Fish Stocking: All five sites 1. The following types and sizes of fish will be stocked in the waterbody: Site Quantity Species Size 1 26 Grass Carp*10-12” 2 5 Grass Carp*10-12” 3 3 Grass Carp*10-12” 4 4 Grass Carp*10-12” 5 7 Grass Carp*10-12” Total: 45 2.Price includes the cost, delivery, and tempered release of all the above specified fish. 3.If the specified sizes of fish are unavailable, Company will notify the client and gain their approval prior to modifying the order. 4.Price includes any application, permit, or processing fees required by the State (if applicable). *Triploid (sterile) Grass Carp are stocked to help prevent and control outbreaks of certain nuisance aquatic weeds. Stocking Triploid Grass Carp should be considered as part of any Integrated Pest Management (IPM) program. The proper use of Triploid Grass Carp in these programs will often reduce the amount of pesticides required to properly maintain lakes and ponds, helping to achieve our long-term goals of quality management through the restoration of ecological balance. The size and quantity of fish proposed is determined by the existing vegetation type and density, past stockings, and the current populations of predators in each lake or pond. 17 420 Serving Clients Nationwide | 888.480.LAKE | solitudelakemanagement.com SCHEDULE A - GENERAL QUALIFICATIONS General Qualifications: 1.Company is a licensed pesticide applicator in the state in which service is to be provided. 2.Individual Applicators are Certified Pesticide Applicators in Aquatics, Public Health, Forestry, Right of Way, and Turf/Ornamental as required in the state in which service is to be provided. 3.Company is a SePRO Preferred Applicator and dedicated Steward of Water. Each individual applicator has been trained and educated in the water quality testing and analysis required for prescriptive site-specific water quality management and utilizes an integrated approach that encompasses all aspects of ecologically balanced management. Each applicator has received extensive training in the proper selection, use, and application of all aquatic herbicides, algaecides, adjuvants, and water quality enhancement products necessary to properly treat our Customers’ lakes and ponds as part of an overall integrated pest management program. 4.Company guarantees that all products used for treatment are EPA registered and labeled as appropriate and safe for use in lakes, ponds, and other aquatic sites, and are being applied in a manner consistent with their labeling. 5.All pesticide applications made directly to the water or along the shoreline for the control of algae, aquatic weeds, or other aquatic pests as specified in this contract will meet or exceed all of the Company’s legal regulatory requirements as set forth by the EPA and related state agencies for NPDES and FIFRA.  Company will perform treatments that are consistent with NPDES compliance standards as applicable in and determined by the specific state in which treatments are made.  All staff will be fully trained to perform all applications in compliance with all federal, state, and local law. 6.Company will furnish the personnel, vehicles, boats, equipment, materials, and other items required to provide the foregoing at its expense. 18 421 Serving Clients Nationwide | 888.480.LAKE | solitudelakemanagement.com COMMUNICATION AND PAYMENT REQUIREMENTS. Communication and Service Reporting: 1. Customer will be provided with a service report detailing all of the work performed as part of this contract after each visit. 2. Company will schedule monthly service visits with the designated community contact. 3. Company will notify the designated contact at least twenty-four (24) hours prior to service visit. Payment Requirements: 1.SOLitude shall invoice Customer for the services to be provided under this Agreement on the first day of each month when service is due. Payment is due by the end of that same month. 2.Invoices will be sent via email to the billing email address provided by the Customer. 3.SOLitude Lake Management provides a complimentary customer portal for all customers to easily access upcoming service appointments, service history reports, invoices, and more. For further information, please click the following link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PhDsg1AQgqs Service Report Example: Invoice Example: 422 Serving Clients Nationwide | 888.480.LAKE | solitudelakemanagement.com Service Total Cost Monthly Billing Amount Annual Pond Management 1x per month May 2x per month June-September $28,665.00 $5,733.00 Aerator Installations For all 5 sites $50,650.00 N/A Grass Carp Stocking 45 Triploid (sterile) Grass Carp $3,375.00 N/A 2026 Annual Pond Management Prices Note: The prices shown above are valid for 60 days from the date of this quotation. All prices shown are all inclusive of all product and labor associated with the services being offered. We do not** bill for additional products. 20 423 TO: Planning and Environmental Commission FROM: Community Development Department DATE: November 24, 2025 SUBJECT: A request for a recommendation to the Vail Town Council, pursuant to Section 3-2-6G Function, Vail Town Code, for approval of the Vail Golf Club Gore Creek Enhancement Plan as an addition to the Gore Creek Strategic Action Plan. (PEC25-0036) Applicant: Town of Vail, represented by Pete Wadden Planner: Cole Michaelsen I. INTRODUCTION/OVERVIEW The Town of Vail, in collaboration with Wright Water Engineers, Inc. (WWE) and project partners, has prepared the Vail Golf Club Gore Creek Enhancement Plan as an addition to the Gore Creek Strategic Action Plan. This appendix builds upon the goals and objectives established in the Strategic Action Plan by identifying targeted enhancement and restoration opportunities along Gore Creek and throughout the Vail Golf Club property. The intent of the Plan is to develop a framework of recommendations that improve creek health, enhance habitat, and support ongoing water quality improvements, while also providing recreational and aesthetic benefits to the community. The Plan is organized into these primary components: 1. Project Purpose and Goals The Vail Golf Club Gore Creek Enhancement Plan Addition includes a detailed account of the creek’s current condition and its importance as one of the Town of Vail’s most valued natural resources, supporting both ecological health and community recreation. In 2012, Gore Creek was listed as impaired under Colorado’s 303(d) program due to declining aquatic life and water quality. Since that time, the Town has made significant progress through the Gore Creek Strategic Action Plan, including the restoration of riparian vegetation, establishment of no -mow zones, and reductions in chemical use. Despite these efforts, challenges remain along the reach that flows through the Vail Golf 424 Town of Vail Page 2 Club, where steep banks, limited floodplain connectivity, and altered stream alignment have continued to constrain ecological recovery. The Vail Golf Club Gore Creek Enhancement Plan builds upon the foundation of the Gore Creek Strategic Action Plan by establishing a set of targeted goals to guide restoration and management efforts within the golf course corridor. These goals provide the framework for improving creek function, habitat quality, and long -term sustainability: • Restore natural stream function through channel and floodplain reconnection to reduce erosion and improve geomorphic stability. • Enhance streamside and pond vegetation to provide shade, improve habitat, and reduce nutrient inputs. • Stabilize banks and reduce flooding at key areas such as the 7th Hole, 11th Fairway, and 15th Green. • Implement sustainable landscape management practices to minimize chemical use and reduce wildfire fuel loads. • Increase biodiversity by supporting native plants, fish, and wildlife. • Align golf course features with ecological goals to support resilient, cost -effective maintenance. 2. Areas of Greatest Concern The Plan identifies specific locations along the creek where ecological and operational challenges overlap. These areas are used to guide conceptual design and restoration efforts: A. Erosion along the 11th Fairway. B. Flooding at the 7th Hole during peak runoff. C. Proximity of the 15th Green to the creek and floodplain. D. Excessive algae growth in ponds. E. Simplified stream channels in straightened sections limit habitat and natural flow. 3. Existing Conditions This portion of the Plan provides a detailed understanding of the site. It integrates hydrologic and hydraulic analyses, geomorphology, vegetation surveys, and habitat assessments to document current conditions along Gore Creek. Key findings include: • The creek is steepened and confined, limiting natural floodplain access. • Straightened reaches reduce habitat complexity and sediment sorting. • Riparian vegetation is stressed or absent in some areas, and pond conditions support algae growth. 4. Enhancement Recommendations The plan proposes multiple comprehensive recommended restoration measures for the 425 Town of Vail Page 3 creek. These measures are split into six main themes. 1) Floodplain Reconnection and Channel Enhancement – Realigning sections of the creek and restoring hydraulic function. 2) Bank Stabilization and Vegetative Buffers – Using native plantings and bioengineering to protect sensitive banks. 3) Pond and Water Quality Improvements – Enhancing pond vegetation, reducing nutrients, and improving aeration. 4) Vegetation and Wildfire Management – Removing excess fuel, thinning stressed trees, and promoting diverse native plantings. 5) Golf Course Adjustments – Modifying course features in targeted areas to allow ecological restoration while maintaining playability. 6) Public and Educational Components – Developing signage and outreach materials to engage the community in creek stewardship. 5. Community Engagement The Plan provides information on the stakeholder engagement portion of the planning process, this included presentation to the Town Council and Planning and Environmental Commission, there was also a public open house at the Vail Golf Club on July 22nd, 2025, where feedback was gathered. Feedback emphasized the need to maintain playability, transparency in pesticide reduction, and support for creek realignment that restores historical creek shape. 6. Next Steps The Plan concludes with guidance for moving from concept to implementation, including: • Developing detailed designs informed by survey and hydraulic modeling. • Securing required permits and regulatory approvals. • Identifying funding and phasing strategies for construction. • Establishing monitoring and adaptive management to track restoration success over time. These steps give a roadmap of what actions will be done with these findings from the plan into real restoration projects. II. CONSIDERATION FOR REVIEW The adoption of an amendment or update to a master plan must remain consistent with the Town of Vail’s Comprehensive Plan and other adopted long-range planning documents. The proposed Vail Golf Club Gore Creek Enhancement Plan serves as an appendix to the Gore Creek Strategic Action Plan and is intended to support, strengthen, and further the Town’s development, environmental stewardship, and recreation objectives. To ensure consistency with these objectives, the following factors for consideration are applied: 426 Town of Vail Page 4 A. How conditions have changed since the original plan was adopted. Since the Gore Creek Strategic Action Plan was adopted in 2016, the Town has made strong progress in improving water quality and riparian health through reduced chemical use, expanded no-mow zones, and several successful restoration projects. However, the stretch of Gore Creek that runs through the Vail Golf Club continues to face challenges that were not fully understood at the time of the original plan. This reach experiences ongoing erosion, increased creek sediment turbidity, and, based on new technical studies, limited floodplain access and reduced habitat along its banks. At the same time, community priorities have shifted toward a stronger focus on creek health throughout the Town. With this improved understanding of how the golf course section of the creek functions, a more targeted plan is needed to guide and coordinate the next phases of restoration work. The proposed plan provides a comprehensive guide to these next phases of work that will be essential to the restoration of Gore Creek. Staff finds this criterion to be met. B. How is the original plan in error? The original Gore Creek Strategic Action Plan is not in error; it does identify the Vail Golf Club reach as an area needing restoration. However, its broader, creek-wide focus did not fully capture the specific challenges and constraints in this section. The plan also lacked detailed restoration concepts for both the creek and the ponds throughout this reach. The Enhancement Plan fills these gaps by providing the site -specific detail needed to better support the goals of the original Strategic Action Plan. Staff finds this criterion to be met. C. How the addition, deletion, or change to the Vail Comprehensive Plan is in Concert with the plan in general. The Vail Golf Club Gore Creek Enhancement Plan supports and strengthens the intent of the Vail Comprehensive Plan by advancing long-standing goals for environmental quality, recreation, and responsible growth. By focusing on restoration and habitat enhancement along the golf course reach of Gore Creek, the plan aligns with the following strategic actions in the Gore Creek Strategic Action Plan: 1. Education and Outreach A. Water Quality Literacy. Enhancing opportunities for individuals to directly observe or learn about the causes of water quality impairments on Gore Creek will help local residents and visitors more easily identify with those issues and understand the importance of restoration and protection efforts recommended by the GAP. 427 Town of Vail Page 5 C. Management of Creekside Landscapes. Changes in the management of creekside landscapes throughout Vail can improve the functioning of riparian buffer, ultimately disrupting pollution pathways into Gore Creek. Shifts in management and maintenance approaches may be promoted by providing private homeowners, property managers, and landscaping companies with the knowledge, resources and incentives to maintain healthy and attractive lawns, gardens and turf (where appropriate) in a manner that promotes high levels of water quality in downstream waters. E. Online Information and Resources. Stakeholder participation and outreach will be amplified with a unified and modern education and outreach campaign. Leverage the Love Vail platform to develop a strong online presence, provide easy access to digital resources, and engage residents and visitors through social media. Digital education and outreach efforts should target residents, businesses, teachers, construction contractors, property managers, and TOV municipal divisions. 2. Best Management Practices A. Reduce Runoff and Erosion. Design standards that reduce runoff volumes and speeds by maximizing pervious areas and infiltration capacity; minimize connections between impervious areas; and, to the extent practicable, retain sediment on-site during and after construction activities help reduce erosion and minimize the generation of urban runoff. B. Prevent Off-Site Transportation of Pollutants. The day-to-day activities of Town staff require them to frequently clean vehicles and perform maintenance tasks that carry an elevated risk for hazardous materials spills to occur. Good housekeeping practices that reduce or prevent off-site transport of waste material and chemicals generated by these activities include isolating contaminated wash water discharges from the sanitary sewer system and stormwater conveyance infrastructure; minimizing wastes generated by automotive maintenance activities; and preventing the discharge of fuels into stormwater conveyances. C. Minimize Pollution. The most effective approach for controlling nonpoint source pollution is, generally, reducing pollutant loads at their source. As manager and steward of numerous facilities and large public properties adjacent to Gore Creek and its tributaries, the Town plays an important role in controlling the detrimental water quality impacts associated with hazardous materials spills or overuse or careless application of pesticides and fertilizers. Curtailing the generation of pollutants and chemicals that ultimately find their way to Gore Creek may be effectively achieved through implementation of materials management, waste disposal, and integrated pest management/control programs. D. Reduce Road Runoff, Operations, Repair and Management Impacts. Many roads 428 Town of Vail Page 6 in the Town of Vail parallel Gore Creek and the layout of the Town necessitates a great number of bridge crossings. Maintenance activities performed on these roads and bridges include application of deicing compounds, resurfacing/sealing operations, painting, ditch scraping, structural repairs to bridge decks, and pest control in ditches and medians. Loads of pollutants harmful to aquatic life may be effectively reduced through active revegetation following soil disturbances, appropriate disposal of construction spoils, and judicious use of pesticides, herbicides, fertilizers, deicing salts, and other chemicals. F. Maintain Vegetated Buffers. Riparian cover and other vegetated buffers are essential components of the stream ecosystem. Streamside vegetation is necessary to stabilize banks, attenuate the negative water quality impacts of urban runoff, and provide shade to maintain water temperatures (7). Within the Town of Vail, historical development patterns and unfettered public access to the stream has damaged or removed large vegetated buffer areas, disrupting important habitat and water quality functions. Responding to these changes and ensuring optimal functioning of the riparian buffer will require implementation of a riparian monitoring, management and maintenance practices on Town-owned streamside properties. 3. Rules and Regulations A. Maintain Site Hydrology. Increased impervious area associated with most urban development can dramatically alter the timing and magnitude of runoff from development sites during precipitation events and snowmelt runoff. Effective site planning can help infiltrate runoff and filter pollutants while significantly reducing the size of controls required for retaining runoff and sediment on a development site. Existing Town regulations provide guidance for assessing and designing sites to minimize impacts of impervious surfaces and building footprints. Further clarification of existing regulations will reduce water quality risks associated with post-development runoff by promoting site design techniques that store, infiltrate, evaporate or detain runoff. B. Protect High Value Areas. The increase in stormwater runoff that results from urban development can dramatically impact the ecology of riparian zones, wetlands, and streams by altering characteristics of hydrology, water quality and soil (13). Protection of areas that provide important water quality benefits or are particularly susceptible to erosion and sediment loss is, therefore, critical for limiting risks to water quality in Gore Creek and its tributaries. Existing Town regulations provide limited guidance on the delineation and protection of areas that provide water quality benefits through site plan and development review 429 Town of Vail Page 7 procedures. C. Reduce Pollutant Loading. Limiting impacts from development and management activities is an important strategy to achieve water quality protections during development and redevelopment of properties within the Town. Existing Town regulations provide limited guidance on land disturbance except for preservation of mature existing trees. Due to the compact and limited development opportunities in the Town of Vail, controlling site disturbance requires consideration of the aesthetic appearance of development and redevelopment, building footprint size, and limitations on allowable GRFA. Stream setbacks are important measures to limit land disturbance, however, they require clear and pragmatic standards addressing areas proposed for construction, grubbing or grading. Site fingerprinting – or confining ground disturbances to the most environmentally sound development footprints - is a means to reduce paving and compaction of permeable soils, minimizing the size of construction easements and material storage areas, and disconnecting pollution transport pathways between upland land use activities and local waterways. D. Enhance Streamside Vegetation. Vegetated buffers have several important functions: they help improve soil and water quality, stabilize streambanks, decrease flood severity, replenish ground water supply, protect against property loss due to erosion, and provide wildlife habitat (24). Re-establishment of vegetative buffers between the stream edge and existing development footprints, including that of public paths, may help prevent disrupt flow of urban runoff from impervious surfaces into adjacent surface waters and provide critical functions related to infiltration, pollutant removal, and sediment retention. In several areas, wider or more robust vegetative buffers along Gore Creek could be highly effective at controlling pollutant loading. Existing regulations lack clear restrictions on vegetative buffer areas, do not stress their importance to water quality as part of the development process, and fail to clearly define compatible site practices and uses within stream setbacks. The critical importance and limited availability of vegetated buffers on many streamside properties makes placing further emphasis and restrictions on permissible uses in these areas paramount. E. Reduce Impervious Areas and Implement Runoff Controls. Vegetated buffers have several important functions: they help improve soil and water quality, stabilize streambanks, decrease flood severity, replenish ground water supply, protect against property loss due to erosion, and provide wildlife habitat (24). Re- establishment of vegetative buffers between the stream edge and existing 430 Town of Vail Page 8 development footprints, including that of public paths, may help prevent disrupt flow of urban runoff from impervious surfaces into adjacent surface waters and provide critical functions related to infiltration, pollutant removal, and sediment retention. In several areas, wider or more robust vegetative buffers along Gore Creek could be highly effective at controlling pollutant loading. Existing regulations lack clear restrictions on vegetative buffer areas, do not stress their importance to water quality as part of the development process, and fail to clearly define compatible site practices and uses within stream setbacks. The critical importance and limited availability of vegetated buffers on many streamside properties makes placing further emphasis and restrictions on permissible uses in these areas paramount. 4. Data Collection & Research A. Water Quality Status and Trend Analysis. Recommended actions for ongoing water quality monitoring and evaluation were developed using the following objective: identify improving or worsening conditions for aquatic life by evaluating data collected at strategic locations across the watershed against WQCC water quality standards and EPA recommendations. Ambient water quality monitoring, establishes the reference conditions against which current deviations and future changes in the chemical or physical conditions in streams and rivers are compared. Assessment of trends allows stakeholders to understand how changing watershed conditions (natural and anthropogenic) influence water quality conditions through time. This type of evaluation is particularly helpful to land planning and resource management processes aimed at understanding the water quality implications of particular management actions. Trends analysis demands relatively stable data collection locations and sampling frequencies over extended time periods, and that methodologies and water quality parameters remain consistent so that long-term data sets are directly comparable and analytically useful (9). B. Contaminant Source Assessment. Recommended actions for assessing contaminant sources were developed using the following objective: characterize the importance of specific water quality stressors to patterns of observed macroinvertebrate health by identifying the location, timing, and magnitude pollutant loading on Gore Creek and its tributaries. Contaminant source assessments target impacted water bodies or stream reaches where the cause(s) of observed water quality conditions/impairments is not evident or where the water quality impact of a specific land use activity is unknown and needs to be quantified (9). is, therefore, critical for limiting risks to water quality in 431 Town of Vail Page 9 Gore Creek and its tributaries. Existing Town regulations. C. Model Development, Calibration, and Verification. Recommended actions for developing, calibrating and verifying ecological models were developed using the following objective: generate data sets and modeling tools that aid in evaluation of pollution risk and the characterization of water quality program effectiveness. The most complex type of data collection and research is implemented in support of model calibration and verification. Models of natural and human systems that attempt to quantitatively understand the relationships between water quality conditions and the interplay between various watershed characteristics can be extremely useful in identifying significant drivers of water quality, but are only as useful and reliable as the data used to create them. 5. Site Specific Projects A. Vegetated Buffer Restoration. The Environmental Protection Agency considers riparian disturbance as one of the most widespread stressors to streams nationwide (29). A wealth of scientific research catalogues the value of functioning riparian buffer communities to stream health, including macroinvertebrate community health, and illustrates the negative consequences of their alteration, degradation, or removal (18, 2, 32). Scientific consensus also highlights that these critical transitional zones filter and attenuate nonpoint source pollutants like nutrients and sediment prior to entry into stream systems, physically stabilize banks against high flows, provide vital food inputs to aquatic life, and regulate stream temperatures (13). Delineation of important streamside revegetation zones in the Gore Creek watershed relied on a coarse-level screening process using hydraulic modeling and aerial photography. The optimal extent of riparian vegetation was set equal to the modeled 50 year floodplain as recommended by Fernandez et al. (11). The total extent of the vegetated buffer was delineated at 25 feet from the water’s edge according to minimum buffer size recommendations from U.S. EPA (29). Delineation of the two zones intends to assist Town staff and practitioners identify appropriate vegetative community compositions during the design phase for each restoration project. Aerial mapping of these buffer zones across the watershed allowed for identification of areas deficient in vegetation quality and extent. Recommendations for vegetated buffer restoration occurred where deficient areas were sufficiently large and where drainage patterns were expected to elevate local water quality risks. Individual delineated project areas were grouped together based upon proximity, property ownership, and access 432 Town of Vail Page 10 requirements. Limited field observation was conducted to evaluate specific restoration design and effectiveness for each project area. Therefore, recommendations provided here represent initial expectations for streamside revegetation needs and should not be considered a comprehensive or final list. Future assessments or changing patterns of development and land use may result in identification of new projects not considered here. This addition to the plan furthers these specific sections of the plan and provides a pathway for the restoration of Gore Creek into the future Staff finds this criterion to be met. III. RECOMMENDED MOTION The Community Development Department recommends the Planning and Environmental Commission forwards a recommendation of approval, to the Vail Town Council, pursuant to Section 3-2-6G Function, Vail Town Code, for the addition to the Gore Creek Strategic Action Plan (PEC25-0036). Staff’s recommendation is based upon the review of the criteria described in Section II of this memorandum and the evidence and testimony presented. Should the Planning and Environmental Commission choose to forward a recommendation of approval, for this request, the Community Development Department recommends the Commission pass the following motion: “The Planning and Environmental Commission forwards a recommendation of approval, to the Vail Town Council pursuant to Section 3-2-6G Function, Vail Town Code, for the addition to the Gore Creek Strategic Action Plan (PEC25-0036). Should the Planning and Environmental Commission choose to forward a recommendation of approval, for this request, the Community Development Department recommends the Commission makes the following findings: “Based upon the review of the criteria outlined in Section II this Staff memorandum to the Planning and Environmental Commission dated November 24, 2025, and the evidence and testimony presented, the Planning and Environmental Commission finds: 1. That the master plan is consistent with the applicable elements of the adopted goals, objectives and policies outlined in the Vail comprehensive plan and is compatible with the development objectives of the town; and 2. That the master plan furthers the general and specific purposes of the zoning regulations; and 433 Town of Vail Page 11 3. That the master plan promotes the health, safety, morals, and general welfare of the town and promotes the coordinated and harmonious development of the town in a manner that conserves and enhances its natural environment and its established character as a resort and residential community of the highest quality." IV. ATTACHMENTS A. Vail Golf Club Gore Creek Enhancement Plan, November 24, 2025 B. Vail Golf Club Gore Creek Enhancement Plan – Track Changes, November 10, 2025 C. Applicant Narrative, Pete Waden, November 3, 2025 D. Gore Creek Strategic Action Plan, March 15, 2016 E. Golf Club Open House Public Comments from July 22, 2025 F. Golf Club Plan Maps G. Maps H. Appendices 434 Present:Brad Hagedorn Margaret H Brown John Rediker John Rediker William A Jensen William A Jensen Absent:Robert N Lipnick Robert N Lipnick David N Tucker Craig H Lintner Jr 1.Virtual Link Register to attend the Planning and Environmental Commission meeting. Once registered, you will receive a confirmation email containing information about joining this webinar. 2.Call to Order 3.Main Agenda Planner: Heather Knight Applicant Name: LCPK Vail Owner LLC, represented by Steve Kisielica Time: 30 Min 3.1 A request for the review of a Conditional Use Permit, pursuant to Section 12-7B-3, Permitted and Conditional Uses, First Floor or Street Level, Vail Town Code, to allow for an outdoor patio at the Sitzmark Lodge, pursuant to Section 12-16, Conditional Use Permits, Vail Town Code located at 183 Gore Creek Drive, Vail Village Filing 1, Block 5-B, part of Lot A. (PEC25-0037) Hagedorn recused. Planner Knight gives a presentation. Knight and Rediker discuss revocable ROW permits. Knight talks about the conditional use setups. She talks about the review criteria, staff is recommending approval with conditions. Rediker confirms it is temporary fire pits. Rediker and staff discuss the operation of Checkpoint Charlie. Jensen asks about the use of the parking spaces? Knight believes there are three spots for full-time parking while two spots by the entry are for loading and unloading. Knight talks about the anticipated operation in the case of special events. Planning and Environmental Commission Minutes Monday, November 24, 2025 1:00 PM Vail Town Council Chambers PEC25-0037 Sitzmark Staff Memo.pdf Attachment A. Vicinity Map - Sitzmark CUP.pdf Attachment B. Applicant narrative and documents.pdf 1 Planning and Environmental Commission Meeting Minutes of November 24, 2025 435 Hanlon confirms with Knight that this proposal will eliminate tandem parking completely. Steve Kisielica represents the applicant. He gives a presentation, talks about the proposed use and the intent to create an amenity in this location. Kisielica talks about the operation of Checkpoint Charlie. Rediker asks about the loading and unloading. Kisielica says it will move based on the conditional use option. Hanlon, when full patio is in use, where do you envision loading and unloading for check-in? Kisielica, they would love to have this happen more often, but logistically it’s a challenge. They inform guests of the situation in advance. What they currently do during closures is meet them on Willow Rd or Willow Place – that is a handful of days a year. Rediker and K discuss the existing garage, it holds about 20 vehicles. We have to communicate well with the guests in advance. Rediker asks about the temporary firepits. Kisielica, they are propane and easily movable. Rediker asks for public comment. Jensen is supportive of request. Hanlon agrees, appreciates work that has gone into it and this is a highly complicated area, there are thoughtful provisions. Rediker agrees. Agrees with Staff that the criteria are met. Criteria 3 was tricky simply because of where it is, clearly what has been established today is that the TOV and Sitzmark have been working together over the years to alleviate those concerns that we would have in this area. This CUP and new parking configuration are an improvement and adding some outdoor vibrancy. Planner: Cole Michaelsen Applicant Name: Vail Golf Club. represented by Town of Vail Time: 45 Min 3.2 A request for a recommendation to the Vail Town Council, pursuant to Section 3-2-6G Function, Vail Town Code, for approval of the Vail Golf Club Gore Creek Enhancement Plan as an addition to the Gore Creek Strategic Action Plan. (PEC25-0036) Margaret H Brown made a motion to Approve with the findings on pg. 9 & 10 of the staff memo; the conditions on pg. 9 of the memo with the addition of the phrase "permitting fire pits"; William A Jensen seconded the motion Passed (3 - 0). PEC25-0036 Staff memo Nov 24, 2025 .pdf Attachment A. Vail Golf Club Gore Creek Enhancement Plan.pdf Attachment B. Vail Golf Club Gore Creek Enhancement Plan - Track Changes.pdf Attachment C. Applicant Narrative.pdf Attachment D. Gore Creek Strategic Action Plan.pdf Attachment E. Golf Club Open House Public Comments.pdf 2 Planning and Environmental Commission Meeting Minutes of November 24, 2025 436 Hagedorn recused. Planner Michaelsen gives a presentation. He walks through the review criteria, Staff is recommending approval. Pete Wadden with Town of Vail is representing the applicant. He talks about the changes since the last meeting. Wadden walks through the goals of the plan. He walks through the major proposed changes and tree removals. Rediker asks about sand being deposited in Gore Creek that is not working its way out through natural processes. Wadden says that is a challenge. Rediker, are there concerns with point sources of solution from the frontage road? Wadden, confirms because of stormwater runoff. Hanlon appreciates all the work that has gone into this and the collaboration with the VRD. Rediker asks for public comment. Jensen thinks these environmental initiatives to enhance Gore Creek are critical, but also realize that through those efforts there will be changes that he views as beneficial to the users and play of the golf course. Place priority on environmental health of Gore Creek. Hanlon inclines to support this, shares Jensen sensitivity to the discomfort that Golf Course may experience, everyone involved has made an effort to address that. A live and healthy creek as the centerpiece is important, appreciates the work. Rediker, it’s taken a lot of efforts to help enhance Gore Creek, we’re actually seeing good results. This is another part of it. This process was collaborative, VRD was involved, the major stakeholders are very supportive of it. The criteria are met. 4.Approval of Minutes 4.1 PEC Minutes 11-10-25 Hanlon makes the correction she abstained on the vote for the minutes from Oct. 27. Rediker notes the discussion for Item 5.1 was listed incorrectly, and that text should only have been for Item 6.1. Rediker stresses the importance of detailed minutes. 5.Information Update 6.Adjournment Attachment F. Golf Club Plan Maps.pdf Attachment G. Maps.pdf Attachment H. Appendices.pdf John Rediker made a motion to Approve with the findings on pg. 10 & 11 of the staff memo; Margaret H Brown seconded the motion Passed (3 - 0). PEC Results 11-10-25.pdf William A Jensen made a motion to Approve with the two amendments as discussed; Margaret H Brown seconded the motion Passed (3 - 0). William A Jensen made a motion to Adjourn ; Margaret H Brown seconded the motion Passed (3 3 Planning and Environmental Commission Meeting Minutes of November 24, 2025 437 - 0). 4 Planning and Environmental Commission Meeting Minutes of November 24, 2025 438 AGENDA ITEM NO. 4.5 Item Cover Page DATE:December 16, 2025 TIME:30 min. SUBMITTED BY:Greg Roy, Community Development ITEM TYPE:Presentation/Discussion AGENDA SECTION:Presentation/Discussion (12:45pm) SUBJECT:Land Use Zoning Development Review Code Update (2:55pm) SUGGESTED ACTION:Listen to presentation and provide feedback. PRESENTER(S):Matt Gennett, Community Development Director VAIL TOWN COUNCIL AGENDA ITEM REPORT ATTACHMENTS: Land Use Zoning Development Review Code Update - Memo.pdf 439 To: Town Council From: Community Development Date: December 16, 2025 Subject: Title 12 Updates I. SUMMARY The 2026 budget includes funds for a contract to assist with updates to Title 12, Zoning Regulations, Vail Town Code. Much of Title 12 dates back to the incorporation of the Town and requires a comprehensive update to remove inefficient, outdated language that is confusing for users. The purpose of this discussion is to highlight the areas of need for updates and provide a framework for which staff can move forward with requesting qualifications from consultants for this project. II. DISCUSSION The following topic areas have been identified by staff as the highest priorities for revisions to Title 12: 1. Uses a. Modern land use and zoning codes have permitted, conditional, and accessory uses listed out in a single matrix, known as a use schedule, compared to having them listed out in each individual zone district. The uses described in the current code are outdated and need to be modernized in keeping with current land use regulation case law. b. Adjust certain uses appropriately to incentivize vibrancy. 2. Development Schedule a. Set development procedures should be outlined in one section instead of to each zone district. b. Outline a master plan amendment process. 440 2 | P a g e 3. Gross Residential Floor Area (GRFA) a. Definitions, exclusions and calculation for GRFA have evolved over time and resulted in complex regulations that are difficult to understand. Simplify the calculation method and assess whether GRFA is effective for controlling bulk and mass. 4. Special Development Districts (SDD) a. SDDs have been used as hybrid zoning and development plan approval but are two distinctly different types of approval. Rewriting this section is needed to clarify process and expectations. 5. Nonconformities a. The current nonconformities section and merits revision for requirements and practice. 6. Development Standards Table a. Relocating development standards into a singular reference table for ease of administration. 7. Definitions a. Definitions are listed in different sections of the code resulting in contradictions and should be updated and consolidated in one section. 8. Landscaping Regulations a. Current regulations are a mix of definitions, code, and guidelines. They should be consolidated and simplified while maintaining fire safety. 9. Community Housing a. Various EHU requirements are currently located in different chapters of Title 12 and should be consolidated in one place. III. ACTION REQUESTED Staff requests that Council provide direction for issuing a Request for Qualifications (RFQ) to update Title 12, Zoning Regulations, Vail Town Code . 441 AGENDA ITEM NO. 5.1 Item Cover Page DATE:December 16, 2025 SUBMITTED BY:Greg Roy, Community Development ITEM TYPE:DRB/PEC Update AGENDA SECTION:DRB/PEC (3:25pm) SUBJECT:DRB/PEC Update (5 min.) SUGGESTED ACTION: VAIL TOWN COUNCIL AGENDA ITEM REPORT ATTACHMENTS: DRB Results 12-3-25.pdf PEC Results 12-8-25.pdf 442 Design Review Board Minutes Wednesday, December 3, 2025 2:00 PM Vail Town Council Chambers Present: Roland J Kjesbo Anthony J Grandt Kit Austin Absent: Herbert B Roth Mary Egan 1. Virtual Meeting Link Register to attend Design Review Board Meetings. Once registered, you will receive a confirmation email containing information about joining this webinar. 2. Call to Order 3. Main Agenda 3.1 DRB25-0255 Fischer Residence 2025 Final review of an exterior review. Address/ Legal Description: 275 Beaver Dam Road/Lot 40, Block 7, Vail Village Filing 1 Planner: Jamie Leaman-Miller Applicant Name: Jessica Fischer, represented by KH Webb DRB25-0255 Documents.pdf DRB25-0255 Plans.pdf Anthony J Grandt made a motion to Table ; Roland J Kjesbo seconded the motion Passed (3 - 0). 4. Staff Approvals 4.1 DRB22- 0212.004 - Baker/Rocky Mtn Juniper/Russel Final review for a change to approved plans (stucco) Address/ Legal Description: 1101 Vail View Drive/Casolar Vail II Planner: Cole Michaelsen Applicant Name: Michael Baker Living Trust/Rocky Mtn Juniper LLC/William Russel, represented by Pierce Austin Architects 4.2 DRB25-0172.001 - SCFF- Vail LLC Final review of an exterior alteration (patio) Address/ Legal Description: 1472 Buffehr Creek Road 10/Parcel A, Lion's Ridge Subdivision Filing 2 Planner: Heather Knight Applicant Name: SCFF-Vail LLC, represented by Pierce Austin Architects 4.3 DRB25-0369 - Stockmar Residence Final review of an exterior alteration (solar) Address/ Legal Description: 4096 Columbine Drive East/Lot 14A, Bighorn Subdivision Planner: Jamie Leaman-Miller Design Review Board Meeting Minutes of December 3, 2025 1 443 Applicant Name: J Brian Stockmar Revocable Trust, represented by Seed Solar 4.4 DRB25-0408 - Wollard Residence Final review of an exterior alteration (window) Address/ Legal Description: 2550 Bald Mountain Road/Lot 34, Block 2, Vail Village Filing 13 Planner: Cole Michaelsen Applicant Name: Ronald & Marilyn Wollard, represented by Renewal by Andersen 4.5 DRB25-0422 - Blickenstaff Residence Final review of an exterior alteration (roof) Address/ Legal Description: 2935 Manns Ranch Road A/Lot 3, Block 1, Vail Village Filing 13 Planner: Cole Michaelsen Applicant Name: Blickenstaff Family Trust Cathy McAllister, represented by Blue Spruce Construction Group 4.6 DRB25-0425 - Gillett Residence Final review of an exterior alteration (mini split) Address/ Legal Description: 756 Potato Patch Drive/Lot 4, Block 2, Vail Potato Patch Filing 1 Planner: Cole Michaelsen Applicant Name: Alexander Gillett, represented by Pinnacle Mountain Homes 4.7 DRB25-0427 - Morefield Residence Final review of an exterior alteration (driveway) Address/ Legal Description: 770 Potato Patch Drive G/Lot 6, Block 2, Vail Potato Patch Filing 1 Planner: Heather Knight Applicant Name: William Morefield 4.8 DRB25-0428 - Kimberlin Residence Final review of an exterior alteration (deck) Address/ Legal Description: 950 Red Sandstone Road 8/Potato Patch Club Condominiums Planner: Greg Roy Applicant Name: Park Kimberlin Legacy Trust, represented by Resolution Design 4.9 DRB25-0438 - Ryerson Residence Final review of an exterior alteration (windows) Address/ Legal Description: 4859 Meadow Drive/Lot 16, Block 5, Bighorn Subdivision 5th Addition Planner: Cole Michaelsen Applicant Name: Anthony & Cynthia Ryerson, represented by Lifetime Windows and Siding 4.10 DRB25-0441 - Gorsuch Ski Final review of a sign application Address/ Legal Description: 244 Wall Street C1/Lot A & C, Block 5C, Vail Village Filing 1 Planner: Cole Michaelsen Applicant Name: One Vail Place Commercial LLC, represented by Resort Design Architects 4.11 DRB25-0445 - Gold Residence Final review of an exterior alteration (windows) Design Review Board Meeting Minutes of December 3, 2025 2 444 Address/ Legal Description: 2825 Bald Mountain Road W/Lot 1, Block 2, Vail Village Filing 13 Planner: Cole Michaelsen Applicant Name: Thomas & Nancy Gold, represented by Home Depot USA 4.12 DRB25-0446 - Vail Panorama Estates LLC Final review of an exterior alteration (door) Address/ Legal Description: 165 Forest Road/Lot 29, Block 7, Vail Village Filing 1 Planner: Greg Roy Applicant Name: Vail Panorama Estates LLC, represented by Berglund Architects 5. Staff Denials 6. Adjournment Roland J Kjesbo made a motion to Adjourn ; Anthony J Grandt seconded the motion Passed (3 - 0). Design Review Board Meeting Minutes of December 3, 2025 3 445 Planning and Environmental Commission Minutes Monday, December 8, 2025 1:00 PM Vail Town Council Chambers Present: Robert N Lipnick Brad Hagedorn David N Tucker Margaret H Brown Craig H Lintner Jr John Rediker William A Jensen 1. Virtual Link Register to attend the Planning and Environmental Commission meeting. Once registered, you will receive a confirmation email containing information about joining this webinar. 2. Call to Order 3. Main Agenda 3.1 A request for review of a major exterior alteration application within the Commercial Core 1 District, pursuant to Section 12-7B-7, Major Exterior Alterations or Modifications, Title 12, Vail Town Code, to facilitate the renovations of the commercial spaces C-1 – C-7, Red Lion Inn Condominium Building, located at 304 Bridge Street and 297 Hanson Ranch Road/Vail Village Filing 1, Block 5A, Lots E-H. (PEC25-0041) Planner: Heather Knight Applicant Name: Red Lion Building LLC, represented by Ruther Associates LLC Time: 60 Min PEC25-0041 Red Lion Staff Memo.pdf Attachment A. Vail Village Filing 1, Block 5A, Lots E-H Vicinity Map.pdf Attachment B. Applicant Narrative and Documents.pdf Attachment C. Red Lion Plan Set 1.pdf Attachment D. Red Lion Plan Set 2.pdf Attachment E. Red Lion Renderings.pdf Attachment F. J&A Architects TOV Letter.pdf Items 3.1 and 3.2 are heard concurrently. Planner Knight gives a presentation. She summarizes the requests. She describes the proposed changes. The below grade expansion is along the property line. Rediker clarifies that C-1 and C-2 are separate spaces. Knight walks through the proposed floor plans. She talks about the expanded trash area, and discusses access with the PEC. Knight talks about the commercial linkage requirements and view corridors. She talks about the Vail Land Use Plan. Planning and Environmental Commission Meeting Minutes of December 8, 2025 1 446 Staff does feel the criteria are met based on the analysis in the staff report. The applicant is represented by George Ruther with Ruther Associates and Reed Kildow and Kit Austin with Pierce Austin Architects. Ruther gives a presentation talking about the background of the site and previous applications. Ruther talks about the proposed changes, commercial changes but no residential changes. He talks about the compliance criteria and compliance with the master plan. Ruther addresses the review criteria for the conditional use permit, it is not substantially expanding or altering the existing permit. Ruther clarifies condition of approval, requiring going back to Town Council for approval of a construction plan? Knight, more than likely you will need access on TOV right of way and permission for that. Rediker asks for some clarifications on the proposed floor plans on the basement level. Austin describes the proposed changes on this level. There are several areas that will remain unexcavated. Rediker, how are trash and recycling handled and how will that continue? Is there a way to keep trash inside of building instead of taking it out and around? Austin, we’re working plans to internally route as much of the trash as possible, that is the goal. We’re doing everything we can to improve that situation. Rediker and Austin discuss the layout of floor plans of the basement level. Austin highlights the new areas on this plan that will be excavated, directly below the existing patio on Bridge St. Lipnick asks about the restrooms; Austin highlights them on floor plans. Hagedorn asks about exhaust venting and odor from kitchen space. Is there a way to get that away from residential openings? Austin, there is existing venting on the north side of the building away from the residential units which will be tied into and upgraded. Rediker asks about the back of house spaces on the commercial units. Austin walks through the existing and proposed orientation including the new Red Lion dining space. He talks about the orientation of the northwest corner of the building. Rediker, right now there is not a firm plan for loading/delivery except potentially using the existing stair? Austin, that was the plan to use existing. Tucker, where you paired back the seating on the southwest corner would you like to add more outdoor seating if it is possible? Ruther, that was the original application which was revised due to the Town’s review comments. It would be great if it is possible to get more outdoor seating out there. Tucker confirms part of that was keeping the landscape area. Ruther, without the outdoor seating there we exceed the landscaping requirement. Rediker, is the main entrance going to be where the current entrance is? Planning and Environmental Commission Meeting Minutes of December 8, 2025 2 447 Austin confirms, as well as a backdoor entrance. Rediker, will the Red Lion be able to open windows to the street? Ruther confirms, the patios on the south of the building would stay similar to today. Rediker, what kind of fencing for the outdoor patio areas? Ruther, something similar to today, talks about the considerations for fixed railings. Rediker asks staff about fixed or movable railings? Knight, based on discussions thus far, Public Works would like to see them fixed so patio space doesn’t encroach into emergency access drive. We’re leading up to that discussion with Town Council. Hagedorn, Unit C1-A, loss of local businesses, is that use set as a bar is there any possibility to retain one of those existing uses? Ruther, our intent is for the bar area there, make sure that space always complied with the permitted uses. Hagedorn, it is a curiosity question not a review criteria. Rediker asks about stream setbacks from Mill Creek. Knight outlines them on the site plan, there is no expansion of the building to the east. Ruther says the dumpster drive area will not be resurfaced. The trash enclosure is proposed to be all contained. Rediker, looking at the renderings, there is somewhat of an overlap between PEC and DRB here including Vail Village design guidelines. Will the materials be matching? Austin, we’re trying to do materials and trim so that the project could be independent and not do any modifications to the residential units, it is tricky. Rediker, looking at the guidelines, would like to see that you’re integrating the commercial and residential as much as possible. That’s traditionally DRB purview, will leave that up to them but the PEC is tasked with making findings that include some of these design elements. Hopes that DRB considers how to best integrate the color schemes and everything, it’s a tough situation. Ruther, is it primary color? Rediker, the color and roof pitches potentially. Ruther, there are numerous examples in the Town, almost by design the street level is more ornate, detailed etc.. Jensen agrees with Rediker, it will look unusual if the colors are mismatched. Ruther understands the concern is it makes sure it doesn’t look awkward. Tucker, what is the process where changes begin impacting the upper level and residential units? Knight says these changes will have to go through the DRB and will be looked at, particularly details such as how new gables interact with the building. Rediker asks for public comment. Planning and Environmental Commission Meeting Minutes of December 8, 2025 3 448 Scott Redner owns and operates Shakedown Bar. The building has been his home for almost two decades, feels fortunate on the positive impact we have on the village. Being such a small venue, it’s limited what we are able to do. The new space will allow more touring acts; there is a younger generation that needs to be paid attention to if we want to keep the nightlife vibrant and make sure there is something for everyone. It will be at a good price point, not everything needs to be fancy. We look forward to touring acts, DJs, catering to a younger crowd that may soon feel displaced if not already. We’ve been working towards integrating bistro space into proposed plans, creating vibrancy on that corner. Rediker asks for public comment. Dana Tang asks if Brian Judge could speak first. Brian Judge is working with the Tang family. There are three residential units upstairs in this building. There are allowable GRFA expansions out there for all three units, on the upper levels. Understanding the review of this building is a renovation, it should be treated as a new building. Nobody is opposed to the renovation; it’s mostly about doing it correctly. The applicant said there are no impacts to the residential aspects of the building, that is incorrect. This set of plans require considerable development in order to be properly viewed by PEC to its impact, not only for internal circulation but its external impact to alleyways, setbacks, master plans. The questions related to improvements on the east side were on target, urges PEC to look at that alleyway and understand how that should function for a new building in the Town. The historical documents talk about how trash should be limited in that building. It’s an increase of 3-5 new kitchens in the building; restaurants are the prime generator and trash and waste. Not arguing against the notion of what it could be, but its impact will be more significant that is being presented today. The east side of the building should be studied, there will be debris that will be stored outside. That is the front entry of two of the three residential units on the building, longtime owners and partners of the Town. The building has seen no less than 8 significant renovations/additions. When we’ve done work on that building in the past, we’ve encountered groundwater inches below the slab level, lowering that floor and existing area will be an engineering feat. Judge continues, the renderings you’re looking at today eliminate windows/decks in Unit 1 and Unit 2. That has not been presented to the owners of those units, will significantly change the renderings for that information to be shown accurately. There will also be big impacts from the rooftop equipment. The application does not fully vet all signed agreements existing at the building today, that will also change aspects of the project. The master plan documents talk about this building specifically, looking it at once is not enough. Significant study should also be done of the chimney, it is being raised in the view corridor. We also agree that should stay, and going through the DRB process will help but that is not the purview today. Biggest issues are removed decks and windows, corridors, things that are there for the use of residential units 1 and 2. Dana Tang with her family are owners of units 1 and 2. They have owned and lived there for about 35 years and done development work in the Town of Vail. We are sympathetic to the importance of commercial in Vail, also believe that it’s not that difficult to have a balance between residential and commercial. Supportive of improvement to the building. This is an important building in Vail, looking at this as longtime investors and residents we hope that the process will be thoughtful and thorough. We hope PEC will be thorough; your questions today have aligned with many of our thoughts. Tang shares her screen with comments. You as the PEC should have clarity in terms of what is existing and what is proposed. The new patio at the southeast corner is encroaching further into the ROW, potentially creating a pinch point. There hasn’t been as much consideration to the create side, it is not improving that situation. Tang walks through some concerns on the elevations, including changes to the residential units impacting decks and windows. The expanded chimney is within the view corridor. The roof changes on Planning and Environmental Commission Meeting Minutes of December 8, 2025 4 449 the north conflict with area of proposed residential expansion. The kitchen mech units are not shown in the drawings, we need to know where these big items are going. This is a huge opportunity to solve some of the fundamental problems, right now the trash comes out the front door onto Bridge St or Hanson Ranch. At the least, all the commercial needs access on the inside of the building. Concerns about aesthetic of back of house restaurants by the creek and park. Pinch point at the entry to the alley. Tang, you asked the right questions about the floor plans. This is an opportunity to improve that situation and obligation if you improve an expansion. You’re approving something without having all the facts, not everything is shown on the plans. Having all the information to review that responsibly is important and it’s not on the drawing. In the spirit of the application and the process, we would like to work with them to make it better. We have lived there with commercial, the spirit with which this was put forth without talking to us is upsetting. The condo association doesn’t care that we consent to this project and they should care, some of this expands into the common element. We’re happy to participate, we don’t want to slow it down we just want some of these things addressed and participate in the conversation. It is in everyone’s interest. No further comment, public comment closed. Lintner, in your review do you agree that the proposed modifications have an impact on the residential units? Knight, we can only review what has been submitted based on that it was just the balcony and window area. Austin, the intention is not to have make any changes to those units? We have reached out to them without a response, we’re happy to work together, we share concerns, make sure everyone is happy. Lintner, in terms of the HOA, who has the right to modify that? Ruther, the question about the HOA, Charlie and Jeff sit on the three member board, 2 of the 3 members voted in support of the application. Rediker, regarding the deck on the southeast corner? Austin, the dimensions are the same, the intention is that doesn’t change at all. The goal is is it will not change or be narrower. The chimney will also remain exactly how it is, it will not expand into the south. Ruther, let’s keep in perspective the technology that produced this image to the technology that allows us to model today using actual survey points. The chimney is not being expanded vertically or horizontally. Rediker, are the elements of the residential that aren’t being encapsulated in the plans we’re looking at. Austin, if there is a deck and window there, we would offer to expand it similar to what we’re doing on unit 3. Rediker is a little uncomfortable not being able to see the interplay between all the new elements, that’s something that needs to be addressed. Kildow, we’re not raising the ridgelines on the south elevation, just shifting one of the gables. Rediker, a significant portion will be vented through the roofline somewhere on the northeast. We’ve discussed using the existing, will there be new stuff and how will it impact the residential? Austin, we can work with Dana, there is another chimney there that is not shown. Hagedorn, you’re requesting a motion today, there are some things that could be refined, are you open Planning and Environmental Commission Meeting Minutes of December 8, 2025 5 450 to another meeting? Ruther, we understand these take time, with the challenges of the location, we’re seven months backed up already. The goal has been to start construction when the mountain closes. The water district has informed us we may have to go into Bridge St, we don’t want to do that in July. Understands there’s questions about the circulation; we’re not impacting the square footage. The FD and PW departments looked at the width of Hanson Ranch during the review, the pinch point is no more or less than what exists today. Hagedorn, some of that proposed programming impacts services, would be open to a condition that trash is routed internally. Ruther, we heard about collaboration in public comment, the application has been out for seven months if communication was returned by neighbors, some of these things could have been addressed. Rediker asks for commissioner comment. Tucker, internally routing is always better. The missing mechanical, it’s tough to greenlight something without the complete picture being presented. What is going on at the northeast corner? You do have a lot of internal space to figure out some of these questions internally. Would love to see ADA for the basement. Lintner, agrees with Tucker. Fully in support of what you’re trying to do, there are some things that need to be cleaned up or addressed clearly through conditions; the trash is something that could be easily incorporated, potential impact on the residential units, need a clear picture of what we’re approving. We’ve had a few situations where other users have come to the meeting claiming they haven’t been communicated, need to find a way to standardize that to avoid these he-said, she-said situations. Need to see some conditions added to approve today, would prefer to see you come back with more information. Support what you’re trying to do. Lipnick, support what you’re trying to do but feel like we have an incomplete record regarding trash, HOA, don’t think he could improve this today, more information coming in the future. Jensen thanks applicants. The commercial aspect of this is much needed, supports this. The internal routing and mechanical terminations feels short right now. The east side of the building was designed in the 60’s, this improvement will update the building, confident you guys will think through this. Think about the east side of the building. It’s difficult, but views this as one big building with a residential and commercial component. Heard from the residential side they might not address everything but want to make sure they have the opportunity to discuss some of these. Wants to support this, understands the pressures, hopefully we can get there in the future. Hagedorn echoes comments. This is needed, great project, potential huge addition to the valley. The way it addresses streetscape is a major improvement. If you read the applicant’s narrative, they do a good job addressing the Vail Village Master plan. Our purview is not HOA, title work etc.., wants to reiterate that. The biggest holdup is a lack of clarity around some of the items, it would be nice to know what we’re approving; could potentially get there today with conditions. Could see this as a single meeting in the future, trash should be routed internally, let’s renovate this building the correct way. Brown, echoes comments. It’s difficult to get to support today; conceptually, visibly it is appealing. Shares the concerns about looseness with respect to some fairly large issues such as mechanical components. Trash removal and loading and delivery is part of our purview, there are details that need to be addressed in that regard. Rediker, there are many great things about what is being proposed, it is an exciting project. Wants a better understanding of mechanical and exhaust, how trash will be routed and get out of the building. You guys have already noted improvements, is there a way to improve this with C4, C2, C6. If there’s a Planning and Environmental Commission Meeting Minutes of December 8, 2025 6 451 way to route things in the interior that will be better. If the renderings are incomplete, would like to see those complete. Ruther says the meeting on the 22nd could work assuming there is a quorum. William A Jensen made a motion to Continue to the meeting on Dec. 22nd; Brad Hagedorn seconded the motion Passed (7 - 0). 3.2 A request for review of a conditional use permit, pursuant to Chapter 12- 16, Conditional Use Permit, Title 12, Vail Town Code, to allow for an outdoor patio at the Red Lion Inn Condominium Building in accordance with Section 12- 7B-3 Permitted And Conditional Uses; First Floor or Street Level, located at 304 Bridge Street and 297 Hanson Ranch Road/Vail Village Filing 1, Block 5A, Lots E-H. (PEC25-0039) See staff memo and attachments from item 3.1 Planner: Heather Knight Applicant Name: Red Lion Building LLC, represented by Ruther Associates LLC Time: 30 Min Item heard concurrently with 3.1. William A Jensen made a motion to Continue to the meeting on Dec. 22nd; Brad Hagedorn seconded the motion Passed (7 - 0). 3.3 A request for review of a variance from Section 12-7B-16, Landscaping and Site Development, pursuant to Chapter 17, Variances, Title 12, Vail Town Code, to allow for a reduction in the existing landscape area at the Red Lion Inn Condominium Building, located at 304 Bridge Street and 297 Hanson Ranch Road/Vail Village Filing 1, Block 5A, Lots E-H. (PEC25-0040) Planner: Heather Knight Applicant Name: Red Lion Building LLC, represented by Ruther Associates LLC Time: 30 Min David N Tucker made a motion to Table to the meeting on Dec. 22nd; Brad Hagedorn seconded the motion Passed (7 - 0). 4. Approval of Minutes 4.1 PEC Minutes 11-24-25 11-24-25 PEC Minutes.pdf William A Jensen made a motion to Approve ; John Rediker seconded the motion Passed (3 - 0). 5. Information Update Lintner brings up looking into notification and pre-application procedures. Roy, we can look at that. Planning and Environmental Commission Meeting Minutes of December 8, 2025 7 452 6. Adjournment William A Jensen made a motion to ; Robert N Lipnick seconded the motion (7 - 0). Planning and Environmental Commission Meeting Minutes of December 8, 2025 8 453 AGENDA ITEM NO. 6.1 Item Cover Page DATE:December 16, 2025 SUBMITTED BY:Stephanie Bibbens, Town Manager ITEM TYPE:Information Update AGENDA SECTION:Information Update (3:30pm) SUBJECT:November 3, 2025 AIPP Meeting Minutes SUGGESTED ACTION: VAIL TOWN COUNCIL AGENDA ITEM REPORT ATTACHMENTS: November 3, 2025 Minutes.pdf 454 1 Art in Public Places Board Meeting Minutes November 3, 2025 AIPP Board members present: Lindsea Stowe, Susanne Graff, Tracy Gordon, Ramsey Cotter, Kathy Langenwalter Others present: Molly Eppard - AIPP Coordinator; Jared Biniecki & Kirk Hansen representing VRD; Cortney Stell and representatives of Black Cube Nomadic Art Museum, Courtney St. John via zoom 1. Call to Order 2. No Citizen Participation 3. Main Agenda 3.1 Approval of October 6, 2025 meeting minutes. Kathy motions to approve; Susanne seconds and all in favor. October 6, 2025 Minutes.pdf 3.2 Dobson Arena public art update, Cortney Stell, Jenna Meacham and Erica Cheung - Black Cube Nomadic Museum Courtney St John will represent the community for the public art selection committee. Cortney S. outlines the meeting topics: RFQ updates closing on Nov. 9, fourth outdoor location, site and budget overview, selection committee process including the online review via Café prior to the in person meeting on Nov. 18. Erica reviews the timeline and Café platform process for ranking the RFQs. There will be a scoring rubric for the Nov. 18 review meeting. Values and elements on the RFQ and rubric include: Artistic Quality, Relevance to Site, Feasibility, Impact, and Durability. Artists will be invited to the RFP process after the selection process on Nov. 18. These finalists will be invited to have an informational meeting with Black Cube and the Dobson architects Populous prior to submitting proposals in January. 3.3 19th Annual Vail Winterfest proposal review - Alpine Ice, Paul Wertin & Jake Proffit via zoom. Given the current construction on the Gore Creek Promenade, we will have to decide specific locations for the ice sculptures later. There will be 4 to 5 vignettes of ice sculpture zones featuring Gnomes with other larger-than- life elements. Installation begins Jan. 1. The Board agrees with Paul for a title of “Gnome Home.” Molly asks the Board to brainstorm on additional activations around this season’s “Gnome Home” theme. Susanne motions to approve the proposal for the 19th Annual Vail Winterfest “Gnome Home”; Tracy seconds and all in favor. 3.4 Purchase of sculpture from HYBYCOZO's Light Forest installation. HYBYCOZO.jpg Tracy motions to acquire the single sculpture from Forest Light for the Town’s public art 455 2 collection for $40,000; Susanne seconds and all in favor. Kathy has offered her $5,000 donation to apply towards acquiring the work. 3.5 Yeti Ford Alpine Adventure update. Yeti.jpg TOV/AIPP will provide the prepped plywood cutouts and supply gift cards. Molly and Gabe Starr (BFAG) are attending participating art classes to discuss the project. The schools were provided with a list of artists from which to choose to paint their artful Yetis. 5 participants at present: Homestake School, BFAG, AIPP, VMS, Red Sandstone. The Art Board decides to create a Piet Mondrian inspired Yeti for the project which they will paint at the Art Studio on Dec. 9 @ 4:30. Molly will deliver the Yeti’s to participants by first week in Nov. with an anticipated opening on Dec 18. 3.6 Artist residency update - Gus Gruner. Guidelines and Expectations agreement for use of the Vail Art Studio is being finalized with the town attorney. Working schedule is subject to change: Nov 5 - Molly to meet Gus at the Studio for the load-in Nov 14 - Noon to 3 pm - Open Studio Hours (will be published & public) Nov 21 - Noon - 3 pm - Open Studio Hours (will be published & public) Nov 21 - Closing event 3:00 - 6:00 pm - "Studio 8150 - Show & Tell" Nov 24 – Tentative Move out Studio... 4. Coordinator Updates Capital projects: Dobson, Gore Creek Promenade Private Developments: Apollo/Lunar – Molly sent a letter to formally request a EHU studio as the public art mitigation; Cornerstone $150k; Evergreen $200K; Lionshead Circle Residences $75k Vail Art Studio program: Develop year-round mentoring program for working; March/April calendar. 5. Adjournment 456 AGENDA ITEM NO. 7.1 Item Cover Page DATE:December 16, 2025 SUBMITTED BY:Stephanie Bibbens, Town Manager ITEM TYPE:Matters from Mayor, Council, Town Manager and Committee Reports AGENDA SECTION:Matters from Mayor, Council, Town Manager and Committee Reports (3:30pm) SUBJECT:Matters from Mayor, Council and Committee (20 min.) SUGGESTED ACTION: Committee Appointments VAIL TOWN COUNCIL AGENDA ITEM REPORT ATTACHMENTS: Town Council - Committee Appointments - 2025.xlsx 457 Board/Committee Appointed Member Appointed Member Alternate Member Staff Member(s)Meeting Frequency Description Vail Recreation District (VRD Pete Seibert Reid Phillips Kathleen Halloran Quarterly Meet w/ VRD and TOV Elected Officials & Staff to review topics of mutual interest. ECO Board / Eagle County Regional Transportation Authority (including the Formation Group) Barry Davis Pete Seibert Russ Forrest Quarterly ECO Board serves as advisory board for Eagle County Commissioners. The 2021 MOU creates a regional group to explore the formation of a regional transportation authority. It would be preferable to appoint an elected official who would serve a four-year term. Open Space Board of Trustees Travis Coggin Kristen Bertuglia As Needed TOV Charter Section 13.11 Designated Open Space. Board to make recommendations to council about open space parcels and related policies. Vail Local Marketing District Advisory Council Sam Biszantz Barry Davis Mia Vlaar Monthly This volunteer board is responsible for making recommendations to the Vail Town Council, which serves as the Vail Local Marketing District Board, for summer and shoulder season marketing programs funded by a 1.4% Vail lodging tax. Vail Economic Advisory Council (VEAC)Pete Seibert Travis Coggin Russ Forrest & Mia Vlaar Monthly Town Manager Advisory group; appointments made as deemed necessary by the Town Manager and reviewed annually. VAIL TOWN COUNCIL 2025 COMMITTEE APPOINTEMENTS 458 Board/Committee Appointed Member Appointed Member Alternate Member Staff Member(s)Meeting Frequency Description VAIL TOWN COUNCIL 2025 COMMITTEE APPOINTEMENTS Vail Parking & Transportation Task Force Dave Chapin Jonathan Staufer Russ Forrest & Tom Kassmel monthly The Vail Parking & Transportation Task Force serves as an advisory group giving input and recommendations on parking, transit and operations topics. Suggestion to reimagine this as a "mobility advisory group" Betty Ford Alpine Garden Foundation Dave Chapin Varies Board supporting the Betty Ford Alpine Gardens with public education, programing and alpine gardens (focus on plant conservation). Northwest Colorado Council of Governments (NWCCOG)Russ Forrest Kathleen Halloran Quarterly Voluntary association of county and municipal governments that believes in the benefits of working together on a regional basis. NWCCOG serves 30 member jurisdictions in a 6-county region of northwest Colorado I-70 West Vail Pass Authority Lanes Project / Project Leadership Team Dick Cleveland CDOT received a $60.7 million Infrastructure for Rebuilding America (INFRA) grant, matched with additional funding, to start design and construction of a $140.4 million project, the first phase of improvements along West Vail Pass Colorado Association of Ski Towns (CAST)Travis Coggin Russ Forrest 5x/Year Representatives from resort ski areas that meet to review and solve problems of mutual concern. Works collaboratively with CML to ensure resort needs are addressed through the legislative process. Civic Area Plan Sam Biszantz Pete Seibert Russ Forrest & Matt Gennett Cultural Heritage Committee Travis Coggin NWCCOG QQ Travis Coggin 459 Board/Committee Appointed Member Appointed Member Alternate Member Staff Member(s)Meeting Frequency Description VAIL TOWN COUNCIL 2025 COMMITTEE APPOINTEMENTS EGE Air Alliance Travis Coggin Mia Vlaar Sustainable Destination Steering Committee Barry Davis Sam Biszantz Kristen Bertuglia Eagle County Community Wildlife Roundtable Jonathan Staufer Kristen Bertuglia Stakeholders groups that gather to understand and address issues facing wildlife populations Eagle County Community Wildlife Roundtable: Education and Outreach Committee Kris Widlak Colorado Communities for Climate Action (CC4CA)Jonathan Staufer Kristen Bertuglia TBD Municipal and county members; coalition of 40 local govts across Colorado advocating for stronger state and federal climate policy Elected official may serve as member on CC4CA Colorado Communities for Climate Action (CC4CA) - Policy Committee Sam Biszantz Kristen Bertuglia TBD Colorado Communities for Climate Action (CC4CA) - Legislative Committee Jonathan Staufer Kristen Bertuglia TBD Climate Action Collaborative Board (CAC)Jonathan Staufer Kristen Bertuglia TBD Climate Action Collaborative Board (CAC) - Governance Board Jonathan Staufer TBD Council Member Board Totals Appointed Member Alternate Member Travis Coggin 5 0 Barry Davis 2 1 Pete Seibert 3 1 460 Board/Committee Appointed Member Appointed Member Alternate Member Staff Member(s)Meeting Frequency Description VAIL TOWN COUNCIL 2025 COMMITTEE APPOINTEMENTS Sam Biszantz 3 1 Reid Phillips 1 0 Jonathan Staufer 6 0 Dave Chapin 2 0 461 AGENDA ITEM NO. 7.2 Item Cover Page DATE:December 16, 2025 SUBMITTED BY:Stephanie Bibbens, Town Manager ITEM TYPE:Matters from Mayor, Council, Town Manager and Committee Reports AGENDA SECTION:Matters from Mayor, Council, Town Manager and Committee Reports (3:30pm) SUBJECT:Town Manager Report (15 min.) SUGGESTED ACTION: VAIL TOWN COUNCIL AGENDA ITEM REPORT ATTACHMENTS: Town Manager Report.pdf 462 Town Managers’ Update December 16, 2025 1. Automated Vehicle Identification System Update from Vail Police Department The implementation of the Automated Vehicle Identification System (AVIS) commenced following the approval of the required Colorado Department of Transportation (CDOT) permit on September 15, 2025. The permit authorizes installations at two locations within the Town of Vail’s designated AVIS corridors : 2131 N. Frontage Rd. W. (West Vail) and 201 S. Frontage Rd. E. (Main Vail). These sites were selected based on a comprehensive review of traffic accident and enforcement data collected over the past five years. The West Vail camera is installed near the pedestrian crosswalk adjacent to the Town of Vail bus stop next to Safeway. This area experiences high pedestrian volumes due to the nearby bus stop and parking on the south side of N. Frontage Rd. The location su pports a bi-directional camera setup, allowing monitoring of both eastbound and westbound traffic. In compliance with CDOT requirements, signage notifying motorists of the camera is placed at least 300 feet in advance of the location in each direction of travel. In addition, a variable message sign was placed ahead of the camera location for 5 days prior to the cameras issuing citations as additional warning for motorists. Installation at the West Vail site was completed around October 13, 2025. Following radar certification and data verification, the mandatory 30-day warning period began on October 16, 2025. The warning period concluded on November 16, 2025, and since then (24 days) this location has produced 1,736 citations, with the most severe being 29 MPH over the speed limit (54 MPH in a 25 MPH zone). Analyzing available data, there have been 52 citations written for vehicles traveling more than 20 MPH over the speed limit during this period. The Main Vail camera is positioned across from the intersection of S. Frontage Rd. and Village Center Dr., a high - traffic area providing access to the Vail Transportation Center and frequently associated with speeding violations and traffic accidents. This camera monitors westbound traffic only and required notification signs are placed at least 300 feet in advance of the camera in the westbound direction. In addition, a variable message sign was placed ahead of the camera location for 5 days prior to the cameras issuing citations as additional warning for motorists. Installation at the Main Vail site was completed on October 17, 2025, following issuance of the CDOT Right of Way Permit. After certification and verification, the 30-day warning period began on October 22, 2025. The warning period conclude d on November 22, 2025, and since then (18 days) this location has produced 1,878 citations with the most severe being 39 MPH over the speed limit (64 MPH in a 25 MPH zone). Analyzing available data, there have been 51 citations written for vehicles traveling more than 20 MPH over the speed limit during this period. To date, both locations have issued 3,614 citations resulting in $147,560 in fines. There have been no citations challenged through the court process and 4 in primary appeal process. $14,400 in fines have been collected (Citations are issued through trad itional mail. This greatly increases the time it takes to issue a citation. It appears citations are being delivered 10 to 14 days after the violation). 3614 citations have been mailed out since the program started. 94 citations have been returned due to address issues. We are researching different methods to remedy this issue. The state required signage has been posted 463 Page 2 at both locations. We have received feedback that additional signage would be helpful. We are checking with CDOT to see if this would be permitted. Weather does not seem to hinder the camera’s ability to function. Obscured license plates cannot be read by the camera and account for most malfunctions. Both AVIS installations are functioning as intended, providing valuable data to support traffic safety and enforcement initiatives within the Town of Vail. We have experienced very limited issues with the cameras and the associated processing system, all of which have been resolved. 2. Welcome Letter for new residents Staff would like to share a welcome letter with new residents in the Town of Vail and more specifically new residents moving into Timber Ridge. Attached is a copy of a draft welcome letter for the Councils review. 3. Other The Town Manager may have other topics that have arisen since the publication of the Council packet. 464 Page 3 Draft 75 South Frontage Road West Vail Town Council Vail, Colorado 81657 towncouncil@vail.gov vail.gov Welcome home! These two words carry special meaning here in Vail. When we say them, we’re reminded that people like you are what make this Town so special. To us, Timber Ridge Village isn’t just new buildings. It’s the result of years of effort and collaboration to build a place where the people who power Vail can truly live in it, not just work for it. It’s a reflection of our commitment to providing a continuum of housing that supports the people who keep this valley thriving. Every household here adds to Vail’s culture and vibrancy. You are our most precious resource. You are our greatest strength. You give Vail its heartbeat. When you show up — for a powder day, a concert, a council meeting, or simply with a smile — you reinforce the community that makes our Town exceptional. Your connection to this place and to one another is what keeps Vail real. We invite you to claim your place in Vail’s story and help write its next chapters. Get involved. Let your voice be heard. Register to vote here in Vail and help shape the future you now share. Local government isn’t far away. It’s the faces you’ll see at the grocery store, the neighbor who plows your sidewalk, and the people who will soon call you by name. We are so glad you’re here. Thank you for making Vail your home. Together, we can keep this valley a place where people belong — where community isn’t just something you visit, but something you build with us. Welcome to Timber Ridge Village. Welcome to Vail. Welcome home. With gratitude and excitement, Your Vail Town Council govotecolorado.gov Register to Vote discovervail.com Go to an event Play vailrec.com 465 AGENDA ITEM NO. 7.3 Item Cover Page DATE:December 16, 2025 SUBMITTED BY:Stephanie Bibbens, Town Manager ITEM TYPE:Matters from Mayor, Council, Town Manager and Committee Reports AGENDA SECTION:Matters from Mayor, Council, Town Manager and Committee Reports (3:30pm) SUBJECT:Council Matters and Status Update SUGGESTED ACTION: VAIL TOWN COUNCIL AGENDA ITEM REPORT ATTACHMENTS: 251216 Matters.docx 466 COUNCIL MATTERS Status Report Report for December 16, 2025  Town Council gave a sincere Thank You to Town of Vail employees that worked over the Thanksgiving weekend.  Town Council gave a big shout out to the Vail PD, Dispatch and Fire departments for rapid response times over a busy, snowy week. They also thanked PW crews for efforts to clean up I-70 accidents and Parking staff for incredible patience at the start of the season!  Town Council recognized the Vail Public Library’s fantastic job with social media outreach and the many exciting programs happening there! Social Media Listening https://share.sproutsocial.com/view/8d61012d-749e-4374-a101-2d749e437430 Snow messaging during this period, both in Vail and on i70, made for very high impressions. Posts from Town of Vail social accounts that received the highest impressions were the kangaroo visit to Vail Police Department on Facebook (78.6k impressions) as well as a quick video highlighting the fresh snow in Vail Village from Town of Vail's Facebook page (56.8k impressions). Be sure to also check out the Vail Public Library's social media accounts on Facebookand Instagram, which have seen a 1,000% gain in engagements in the last two months due to fun and creative content paired with a consistent posting schedule. In the News______________________________________________________ Nov. 25 Regional Housing Authority https://www.vaildaily.com/news/eagle-county-avon-regional-housing-authority-planning-process/ Nov. 30 467 John Donovan https://www.vaildaily.com/news/vail-bids-farewell-to-john-donovan/ Dec. 1 Axon AI for PD https://www.vaildaily.com/news/vail-police-department-requests-new-ai-technology-to-assist- with-report-writing-language-translation/ Dec. 3 Swearing In https://www.vaildaily.com/news/vail-new-mayor/ Dec. 5 Bomb Threat https://www.vaildaily.com/news/late-night-shelter-in-place-order-was-a-result-of-a-hoax-in-vail/ Dec. 6 Mayor and Mayor Pro Tem https://www.realvail.com/davis-phillips-to-serve-as-vail-mayor-and-mayor-pro-tem/a24263/ Dec. 9 Vail Pass Chain Enforcement https://www.vaildaily.com/news/vail-pass-enforcement-snow/ Dec. 10 Left Lane Restriction Enforcement https://www.vaildaily.com/news/colorado-i-70-left-lane-restrictions-enforcement/ Ford Park Closure https://www.realvail.com/24294-2/a24294/ Important Dates______________________________________________________ January 19 & 20 Town Council Strategic Retreat 468