HomeMy WebLinkAboutB16-0209_HP Geotech - Soils Report - 6-13-16_1512688152.pdf Hepworth-Paw•lak Geotechnical, IncGL26-4St .
5020 County Road 154
�� Gime: Springs,Colorado 81601
Phone:970-945-7983
HEPWORTH-PAWLAK GEOTECHNICAL Fax:970-945.8454
email:hpgeo' hpgeorech.com
June 13, 2016
Division Six Construction
Attn: Randy Fischer
2636 Davos Trail
Vail, Colorado 81657
randy@divisionsixconst.com
Job No.116 205A
Subject: Subsoil Study for Foundation Design, Proposed Retaining Wall, Lot 2,
Block C, Vail Ridge, 2636 Davos Trial, Vail, Colorado
Gentlemen:
As requested, Hepworth-Pawlak Geotechnical, Inc. performed a subsoil study for design
of the retaining wall foundations at the subject site. The study was conducted in general
accordance with our agreement for geotechnical engineering services to you dated May
23, 2016. The data obtained and our recommendations based on the proposed
construction and subsurface conditions encountered are presented in this report.
Proposed Construction: The existing residence is being renovated and a retaining wall
is proposed for outside parking at the northwest corner of the property as shown on
Figure 1. The driveway and parking area will have hard surfaced pavement. Cut and fill
depths are expected to range between about 5 to 10 feet and the wall will extend out
beyond the existing driveway edge. Foundation loadings for the residence construction
are assumed to be relatively light and typical of the proposed type of construction.
If building conditions or foundation loadings are significantly different from those
described above, we should be notified to re-evaluate the recommendations presented in
this report.
Site Conditions: The lot is occupied by tan existing 3-story residence with a walkout
lower level located approximately as shown on Figure 1. The ground surface is
moderately steep sloping down to the south with roughly 20 feet of elevation difference
across the building footprint. Vegetation around the building mainly consists of grass.
Subsurface Conditions: The subsurface conditions at the site were evaluated by drilling
one exploratory boring at the approximate location shown on Figure 1. The log of the
boring is presented on Figure 2. The subsoils encountered, below about 101/2 feet of silty
sandy clay and organics mixed fill,consist of inter-layered medium dense/stiff sand and
clay and medium dense silty sand and gravel to the boring depth of 49 feet. Results of a
gradation analysis performed on a sample of silty sand and gravel (minus 11/2 inch
fraction) obtained from the boring are presented on Figure 3. We also observed pits dug
down to the existing building foundation at the locations shown on Figure 1 on May 24,
2016. Results of swell-consolidation testing performed on a sample of clay taken from
Parker 303-841-7119 • Colorado Springs 719-633-5562 • Silverthome 970-468-1989
_ ., -
Pit 1, presented on Figure 4, indicate moderate to high compressibility under conditions
of loading and wetting. It appears the relatively high compressibility may have been
partly due to sample disturbance. The laboratory test results are summarized in Table 1.
No free water was encountered in the boring or observed in the pits at the time of
excavation and the soils were generally moist.
Foundation Recommendations: Considering the subsoil conditions encountered in the
exploratory boring and the nature of the proposed construction, the retaining wall can be
founded on a spread footing placed on the undisturbed natural sand and clay soil designed
for an allowable soil bearing pressure of 2,000 psf. The soils tend to compress after
wetting and there could be post-construction foundation settlement depending on the
loading and depth of wetting. Footings should be a minimum width of 16 inches for
continuous walls and 2 feet for columns. The existing fill, topsoil and loose disturbed
soils encountered at the retaining wall area should be removed down to the undisturbed
natural soils. Exterior footings should be provided with adequate cover above their
bearing elevations for frost protection. Placement of footings at least 42 inches below the
exterior grade is typically used in this area. We should observe the completed excavation
prior to footing or wall construction.
Foundation Walls and Retaining Structures: Building foundation walls which are
laterally restrained and can be expected to undergo only a slight amount of deflection
should be designed for a lateral earth pressure computed on the basis of an equivalent
fluid unit weight of at least 50 pcf for backfill consisting of the on-site soils. Cantilevered
or site retaining walls which are separate from the residence and can deflect sufficiently
to mobilize the full active earth pressure condition should be designed for a lateral earth
pressure computed on the basis of an equivalent fluid unit weight of at least 40 pcf for
backfill consisting of the on-site soils.
All foundation and retaining structures should be designed for appropriate hydrostatic and
surcharge pressures such as adjacent footings, traffic, construction materials and
equipment. The pressures recommended above assume drained conditions behind the
walls and a horizontal backfill surface. The buildup of water behind a wall or an upward
sloping backfill surface will increase the lateral pressure imposed on a foundation wall or
retaining structure. An underdrain should be provided to prevent hydrostatic pressure
buildup behind walls,
Backfill should be placed in uniform lifts and compacted to at least 90% of the maximum
standard Proctor density at near optimum moisture content. Backfill placed in pavement
and walkway areas should be compacted to at least 95% of the maximum standard
Proctor density. Care should be taken not to overcompact the backfill or use large
equipment near the wall, since this could cause excessive lateral pressure on the wall.
Some settlement of deep foundation wall backfill should be expected,even if the material
is placed correctly, and could result in distress to facilities constructed on the backfill.
Use of a granular structural fill, such as road base, and compaction to at least 98% of
standard Proctor density can be used to limit the settlement potential.
The lateral resistance of foundation or retaining wall footings will be a combination of the
sliding resistance of the footing on the foundation materials and passive earth pressure
Job Nor.116 205A
Gtech
- 3 -
against the side of the footing. Resistance to sliding at the bottoms of the footings can be
calculated based on a coefficient of friction of 0.40. Passive pressure of compacted
backfill against the sides of the footings can be calculated using an equivalent fluid unit
weight of 350 pcf. The coefficient of friction and passive pressure values recommended
above assume ultimate soil strength. Suitable factors of safety should be included in the
design to limit the strain which will occur at the ultimate strength, particularly in the case
of passive resistance. Fill placed against the sides of the footings to resist lateral loads
should be compacted to at least 95% of the maximum standard Proctor density at a
moisture content near optimum.
Underdrain System: Although free water was not encountered during our exploration, it
has been our experience in the area and where there are clay soils that local perched
groundwater can also develop during times of heavy precipitation or seasonal runoff.
Frozen ground during spring runoff can create a perched condition. We recommend
below-grade construction, such as retaining walls, crawlspace and basement areas, be
protected from wetting and hydrostatic pressure buildup by an underdrain system.
The drains should consist of drainpipe placed in the bottom of the wall backfill
surrounded above the invert level with free-draining granular material. The drain should
be placed at each level of excavation and at least 1 foot below lowest adjacent finish
grade and sloped at a minimum 1% to a suitable gravity outlet. Free-draining granular
material used in the underdrain system should contain less than 2%passing the No. 200
sieve, less than 50% passing the No. 4 sieve and have a maximum size of 2 inches. The
drain gravel backfill should be at least 11/feet deep.
Surface Drainage: The following drainage precautions should be observed during
construction and maintained at all times after the residence has been completed:
1) Inundation of the foundation excavations and underslab areas should be
avoided during construction.
2) Exterior backfill should be adjusted to near optimum moisture and
compacted to at least 95% of the maximum standard Proctor density in
pavement and slab areas and to at least 90% of the maximum standard
Proctor density in landscape areas. Free-draining wall backfill should be
covered with filter fabric and capped with about 2 feet of the on-site, finer
graded soils to reduce surface water infiltration.
3) The ground surface surrounding the exterior of the building should be
sloped to drain away from the foundation in all directions. We
recommend a minimum slope of 12 inches in the first 10 feet in unpaved
areas and a minimum slope of 3 inches in the first 10 feet in pavement and
walkway areas.
4) Roof downspouts and drains should discharge well beyond the limits of all
backfill.
5) Landscaping which requires regular heavy irrigation should be located at
least 5 feet from the building.
Limitations: This study has been conducted in accordance with generally accepted
geotechnical engineering principles and practices in this area at this time. We make no
warranty either express or implied. The conclusions and recommendations submitted in
Job No.116 205A
Gtech
-4 -
this report are based upon the data obtained from the exploratory boring and pits located
as shown on Figure 1 and to the boring depth shown on Figure 2, the proposed type of
construction, and our experience in the area. Our services do not include determining the
presence, prevention or possibility of mold or other biological contaminants (MOBC)
developing in the future. If the client is concerned about MOBC, then a professional in
this special field of practice should be consulted. Our findings include interpolation and
extrapolation of the subsurface conditions identified at the exploratory boring and pits and
variations in the subsurface conditions may not become evident until excavation is
performed. If conditions encountered during construction appear different from those
described in this report, we should be notified at once so re-evaluation of the
recommendations may be made.
This report has been prepared for the exclusive use by our client for design purposes. We
are not responsible for technical interpretations by others of our information. As the
project evolves, we should provide continued consultation and field services during
construction to review and monitor the implementation of our recommendations, and to
verify that the recommendations have been appropriately interpreted. Significant design
changes may require additional analysis or modifications to the recommendations
presented herein. We recommend on-site observation of excavations and foundation
bearing strata and testing of structural fill by a representative of the geotechnical
engineer.
If you have any questions or need further assistance, please let us know.
Respectfully Submitted,
HEPWORTH- PAWLAK GE• .NICAL, INC.
• , . 16222 .*,
Steven L. Pawlak, P.E , '
Reviewed by: ' y
��J;
Daniel E. Hardin, P.E.
SLP/ksw
Attachments: Figure 1 -Location of Exploratory Boring
Figure 2- Log of Exploratory Boring
Figure 3 - Legend and Notes
Figure 4-Gradation Test Results
Figure 5-Swell-Consolidation Test Results
Table 1 - Summary of Laboratory Test Results
lob No,116 205A
Gtech
APPROXIMATE SCALE
1 20'
irN.
8000
s - _ 1
0 � —
\ F______ , --,
\ , .\
\ -----i \
I PIT 1 \ \
(8 1/2 DEEP) ■ PIT 2 `
(5 1/2' DEEP)\ I X
• 000
\I
1 I
LOT 1
EXISTING
RESIDENCE
_ 1 L.L. = 8011.9' 1
SOO \ LOT 3
I
\
GARAGE PIT 3 \ `ADDITION 51/2'DEE8
F.F. = 8029.0' 070
.--.. (
in PROPOSED
RETAINING
\� I WALL
PIT 4
8 pR/VF BORING 1 1/2'DEE` 602
o LOT 2 x'41'
BLOCK C
--. --. —. — — — — —. -- /
— , EXISTING
\ BLOCK
1 WALL
1
DAVOS TRAIL t
116 205A gr
h LOCATION OF EXPLORATORY BORING Figure 1
Hepworth—Pawlak Geotechnical
BORING 1
ELEV.= 8020'
0 0
1/12 —
.■ 2/12 189 —
Owl DD 106
10 -200...71 WC-135— —
•
DD 12 10
-200=42
UC 1,500
15/12 WC 7 9
_ DD 109
+4 41
20fon
—
25/12 200 24 20
a� a)
IL — —
9112
— r WC1 201
DD 103 —
30 -200 78 30 ❑
10/12
11
WC=19.1
40 DD-=104-200-84 40
UC-2,300
54/12AIM
50 50
NOTE: Explanation of symbols is shown on Figure 3.
116 205AGcrote
Hch LOG OF EXPLORATORY BORING Figure 2
Hepworth—Pawlak Geotechnical
LEGEND:
FILL; mixed silty sandy clay and organics, wood debris, loose/soft,very moist, dark brown.
.::j SAND AND CLAY(SC-CL); silty, scattered gravel to gravey, medium dense/stiff, moist, brown, low plasticity
SAND AND GRAVEL (SM.GM); sty, medium dense, moist, brown.
61
11 Relatively undisturbed drive sample; 2-inch I.D. Caifornia liner sample,
5/12 Drive sample blow count; indicates that 5 blows of a 140 pound hammer falling 30 inches were
required to drive the California sampler 12 inches.
NOTES:
1. The exploratory boring was drilled on June 3, 2016 with a 4-inch diameter continuous flight power auger.
2. The exploratory boring location was measured approximately by pacing from features shown on the site plan
provided.
3. The exploratory bor ng elevation was obtained by interpolation between contours on the site plan provided.
4. The exploratory boring location and elevation should be considered accurate only to the degree implied by the
method used.
5. The lines between materials shown on the exploratory boring log represent the approximate boundaries between
material types and transitions may be gradual.
6. No free water was encountered in the boring at the time of drilling . Fluctuation in water level may occur with time.
7. Laboratory Testing Results:
WC = Water Content (%)
DD = Dry Density(pct)
+4 = Percent retained on the No. 4 sieve
-200 = Percent passing No. 200 sieve
UC = Unconfined Compressive Strength (psf)
116 205AGe~
rC@ch LEGEND AND NOTES Figure 3
Hepworth—Par/10k Geotechnical
IHYDROMETER ANALYSIS I SIEVE ANALYSIS
24 HR. 7 HR TIME READINGS U S STANDARD SERIESSIEVE
CLEAR SQUARE OPENINGS
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1;:5 127
D AMETER OF PARTICLES IN MILLIMETERS
LAY ( SAND GRAVE! C06E3t.E5
NE I MED'JM I COARSE F•I+E 1 COARSE
GRAVEL 41 % SAND 35 % SILT AND CLAY 24 %
LIQUID LIMIT PLASTICITY INDEX %
SAMPLE OF: Silty Sand and Gravel FROM:Baring 1 at 15 Feet
Gg116 205A GRADATION TEST RESULTS Figure 4
Hepworth—Pawlak Geotechnical
Moisture Content = 13.6 percent
Dry Density = 102 pcf
Sample of: Silty Sandy Clay
From: Pit 3 at 4 Feet
0
1
Compression
upon
2 -wetting
92
92 3
•
4
5
7
•
8
9
10
•
11 _
0 1 1.0 10 100
APPLIED PRESSURE-ksf
116 205A � _~per_
C.7B`���Ch SWELL-CONSOLIDATION TEST RESULTS Figure 5
Hepworth—Pawlak Geotechnical
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