HomeMy WebLinkAbout1992-01-12 Support Documentation Town Council Work Session _ .
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VAIL TOWN COUNCIL
WORK SESSION '
TUESDAY, JANUARY 21, 1992 No ~uo~uM
2:00 PM vn ly
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AGENDA ~-0 6
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1. Design Review Board Candidate Interviews.
2. DRB Report.
3. Presentatio -Tcarr~-Ftarned Re: Club 20 Membership.
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4. Discussion Re:~ Possible Public Vote on County-wide Transportation Sales Tax.
5. Discussion Re: Pitkin Creek Bond Refinancing.
6. Information Update.
7. Council Reports.
8. Other.
9. Adjournment.
C:WGENDA.WS
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VAIL TOWN COUNCIL
WORK SESSION
TUESDAY, JANUARY 21, 1992
2:00 PM
EXPANDED AGENDA
2:00 p.m. 1. Design Review Board Candidate Interviews.
Kristan Pritz
Action Reauested of Council: In preparation for appointment at
the January 21, 1992, evening meeting, interview the individuals
who have submitted applications to fill two vacancies on the
DRB. George Lamb and Pat Herrington, and any others who
may submit an application after packet distribution will be
interviewed.
Background Rationale: The terms are for two years beginning
on February 1, 1992. George Lamb and Pat Herrington have
each re-applied.
2:30 p.m. 2. DRB Report.
2:35 p.m. 3. Presentation re: Club 20 membership.
Tom Harped
Action Requested of Council: Receive Tom Harned's
presentation. Discuss whether or snot to rejoin Club 20.
Backaround Rationale: The staff recommended in the budget
process to drop Club 20 membership and rejoining the National
League of Cities. Tom Harped wants the Council to reconsider
that decision.
3:05 p.m. 4. Discussion re: Possible public vote on County-wide
Peggy Osterfoss Transportation Sales Tax.
Action Reauested of Council: Discuss the pros and cons of
going to a public vote this year to raise County-wide sales tax for
transportation services.
3:30 p.m. 5. Discussion re: Pitkin Creek Bond refinancing.
Steve Barwick
Action Reauested of Council: The Town has received four
proposals to provide underwriting services for the refinancing of
the 1979 bonds used to finance construction of the Pitkin Creek
Townhomes. The Town should now choose one of the four in
order to proceed with the financing.
3:50 p.m. 6. Information Update.
7. Council Reports.
8. Other.
9. Adjournment.
C:WGENDA.WSE
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January 13, 1992
Town Council
The Town of Vail
75 S. Frontage Road West
Vail, CO 81657
RE: Design Review Board
Dear Council Members:
I understand that my term on the Design Review Board has
or will expire shortly.
This letter is to express my desire to continue to serve
on the Board for 'another two~year°term.
I believe the current Design Review Board represents a
responsible and cohesive group which has rendered appropriate
decisions on many'. sensitive issues.
Having missed only two meetings in two years, I believe I
have demonstrated that I have shown a proper dedication to
the position and look forward to another term.
Respectiv ly submitted,
George S. Lamb
RECD J A N 1 4 1992
Patricia M. Herrington
950 Red Sandstone Rd. #32
Vail, Colorado 81657
Council Members
Town of Vail
I would like to re-apply for my expiring position on the Design
Review Board.
:S~in~
erely,
G~~
Patricia Herrington
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' DESIGN REVIEW BOARD AGENDA
JANIIARY 15, 1992
3:00 P.M.
SITE VISITS
1:30 P.M.
1 Hymers Residence - 1459 Greenhill Court
2 - Millrace IV/Cosgriff - Onplatted
3 IIpper Eagle Valley - 846 Forest Road
4 Lodge Tower - 200 Vail Road
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AGENDA
1.' Lodge Tower - Sign Variance SM
200 Vail Road/Lot A, Block 5-C, Vail Village 1st Filing
MOTION: SECOND: VOTE:
TABLED INDEFINITELY.
2. Hymers Residence - Modification to a previously JK
approved plan. 1459 Greenhill Court/Lot 6, Glen Lyon
Subdivision
MOTION: George Lamb SECOND: Sherry Dorward
VOTE: 4-0
Approved subject to: Review of north elevation at a
later date when plastic covering is off. Applicant
understand DRB may ask applicant to modify north facade.
3. Stevenson Duplex - Revisions to previously approved JK
plans. 1230 Westhaven" Circle/Lot 22, Glen Lyon
Subdivision
MOTION: SECOND: VOTE:
TABLED TO FEBRIIARY 5TH MEETING.
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4. Gore Range Properties - Awning and Sign BR
511 Lionshead Mall/Nail 21 Building
MOTION: George Lamb SECOND: Pat Herrington
VOTE: 5-0
Approved as submitted.
5. The Cascades (Millrace IV/Cosgriff) CONCEPTDAL SM
Review of landscape plan. Unplatted parcel.
MOTION: SECOND: VOTE:
CONCEPTIIAL
6. Upper Eagle Valley Consolidated Water District - SM
Locate temporary trailer. 846 Forest Road/Lot 31, Vail
Village 2nd Filing.
MOTION: George Lamb SECOND: Sherry Dorward
VOTE: 5-0
Prpproved. Dumpster color to match existing building.
Dumpster may be relocated.
MEMBERS PRESENT: MEMBERS ABSENT:
George Lamb
Ned Gwathmey
Sherry Dorward
Pat Herrington
Diana Donovan (PEC)
STAFF APPROVALS:
Fritzlen/Pierce Residence - Modification to landscape plan.
A part of Lot~2, Block 5, Vail Intermountain
Stempler Residence - Hot Tub Addition.
Lot 4, Block 6, Vail Village 6th
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TOWN OF VAIL
75 South Frontage Road Department of Administrative Services
Yail, Colorado 81657
303-479-2116
FAX 303-479-2157
MEMORANDUM
TO: Vail To~n~n Council
FROM: Steve Barwick
DATE: ~ January 17, 1992
RE: Pitkin Creek Bond Refinancing
After the failure of the attempt by Kirkpatrick, Pettis to refinance the 1979 Pitkin Creek
Bonds through a complicated sale of the mortgage pool and related tender offer, the
Town sent the item out for bid again. The Town received proposals from four
investment banking firms. Three of these proposals are very similar in nature and
should provide the same dr~llar return to the Town. The fourth proposal does not
appear to be competitive.
The strong proposals come from the firms of George K. Baum (Kirchner Moore),
Kirkpatrick Pettis/First Interstate Bank, and Coughlin. All three proposals involve a
straightforward tax-exempt refunding. With interest rates at their current level, the
Town can expect an immediate cash influx of approximately $850,000 to $950,000.
After studying these proposals, I do not believe that there are any significant differences
in the amount of cash which will be generated. Therefore, I would suggest that the
Town base its choice upon our expectations of the firms capabilities for performing as
promised.
In order to help assess the capabilities of the three firms, I have summarized some
relevant items on the attached page. Please keep in mind that all three firms have
successfully completed deals very similar in structure to the Town's.
PITKIN CREEK BOND REFINANCING
JANUARY 17, 1992
PAGE 2
George K Baum F~ Company (Kirchner Moore)
ADVANTAGES:
1. Has experience in explaining and marketing Vail to the rating agencies
2. Has a strong and workable fallback position developed to deal with increases in
interest rates
3. Has a proven track record in performing as promised for the Town of Vail
4. Is comfortable with and has accomplished marketing Vail bonds up to 60 days
before issuance.
Coughlin and Company Inc.
ADVANTAGE:
1. Has completed recent similar issues in Summit and La Plata Counties without
the need for expenses related to a backup to the verex insurance policy. This
will reduce the costs of our issuance by approximately $25,000.
DISADVANTAGE:
1. Does not feel comfortable with marketing bonds more than 30 days before
issuance. This may`lead to an additional 30 days of exposure to interest rates.
Kirkpatrick, Pettis, Pollan, Smith/First Interstate Bank
ADVANTAGE:
1. Is already involved with this bond issue and has studied the Pitkin Creek
mortgage pool in depth.
DISADVANTAGE:
1. Dealing with two firms will be more difficult than with one firm. This has
,already caused problems during the proposal phase.
SHB/ds
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Tar Tc,Gyr2 Gacrnci 1
Ran F'h i 11 i ps
Larry Eskaui th
Franr r /~'/erw L a pi n
Scrbject a Heri toga Cable TV franchise
..7'ancrary L4~, 199?
Becacrse aye ar^e sti11 aver .s years aaaa_y from the franchise agreement
expi ri ng, I avacrl d suggest that aye take na action an extending
Heri Cage 9 s franchise. Mw main reasons far tha s act i an i s that e
i 1 I egi s1 at i an as~i 11 prababl y be enacted be fare the November
e1 ect i an that avi I 1 speci fi ca11 y gi ve areas scrch as Vai I
greater acrthari t v to regal ate cable,
L) avi thin the next i~ - 3 wears, there avi II be several techna-
1 agi cal advances i n avi reI ass cable avhi ch may gi ve us a
campet i t i we market.
In an,y event I aaacrld hope that the fa11 aavi ng be candi ti ans of any
cable approvals
i 1 4(21 rrre_ga-hertz s_Ystem avi th a 5~ channel capabi 1 i ty
~J fiber optic system - at Least in the main trcrnk
.3) pedestals be f1 crsh mounted in the ground
~r 1 no extra charge far addi ti anal sets i n a hacrse
51 fcr11 y addressable system so that pay per wi eav and pay TV i s
awai l ab1 e
same arrangement far Channel X33
non-excl usi we franchise
,91 .i B hour on call maintenance, r dawn per aveek
9) that a basic, "1 i fe1 i ne° rate be established far the same
„~~wer the air" channels awai 1 ab1 e i n Denver
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TOWN OF NAIL ,
75 South Frontage Road Depart?nent of Administrative Services
Vail, Colorado 81657
303-479-2116
FAX 303-479-2157
MEMORANDUM
TO: Jim Gibson
Merv Lapin
FROM: Steve Barwick
DATE: .January 17, ]992
RE: Management Consultant RFP
Please find attached the final draft of the Management Consultant RFP. If you would
like to see any further changes in the RFP, please let me know by the end of next
Tuesday's Council work session. If I do not hear from you, I will proceed with the
mailing of the RFP.
The mailing list for the RFTi~ has not yet been compiled. I would like to keep the list to
no more than 15-20 firms in order to make our job of selection as reasonable as possible.
Please let me know if you have any thoughts on this matter, or would like to include
any specific firms in the bid process.
SHB/ ds
Enclosures: 1
REQUEST FOR PROPOSAL
TOWN OF VAIL MANAGEMENT CONSULTANT SERVICES
BY
TOWN OF VAIL
NOVEMBER, 1991
Il~ i xODU~, t iON .
1
'1
The Town of Vail is soliciting proposals for Management Consulting Services. The
primary goal of the Town from this project is to assess the appropriateness of its
current systems, procedures, and methods and to receive recommendations _
which would lead to improved work practices and cost savings.
The Town of Vail provides services to approximately 4,500 residents and 25,000
guests. The Town's departments include Police, Fire, Public Works and
Transportation, Community Development, Library, and Administrative Services.
The Town employs 195 regular, full-time employees and approximately 75
seasonal employees.
For the purpose of this project, the Town is interested in analyzing only the
following departments:
• Public Works and Transportation
• Community Development
• Police
• Municipal Court
Administrative Services
• Town Manager's Office .
CONSULTANT'S SCOPE OF SERVICES
The primary objective of the consultant team is to provide an analysis and opinion
of Town of Vail systems, procedures, and methods as reflected in work practices
and work implementation. The following tasks are outlined to give bidders a
sense of the scope of work and specific output necessary to fulfill the
requirements of the project.
1. Preliminary Work
A. Familiarize. consultant team with the Town of Vail's:
• form of government
• management structure
• services provided
• facilities
• systems, procedures, and methods
` growth patterns in the Vail economy and government
• examine job descriptions for all employees to be interviewed
• meet with several special interest groups (i.e., builders,
arclvtects, retailers, service, bus riders, etc.)
Most of these tasks can be accomplished through interviews with the
Town's senior management and study of Town documents.
1
2. Analysis
f
A. Analyze the essential work functions in each department and the
requisite systems, procedures, and methods to accomplish the work
load. assuming a 40 hour work week with minimal overtime.
B. Recommend improvements in systems, procedures, and methods as
reflected in work practices and work implementation. Emphasis
should be placed upon areas that are most likely to yield significant
results.
C. Recommend cost saving activities, methods, and/or procedures.
Develop practical, implementable recommendations for specific
actions that will allow the Town to pursue the opportunities
identified. Prepare an estimate of the costs and savings associated
with adopting the recommendations.
D. Analyze level of employee training. Identify areas where additional
training would be of clear benefit to the Town.
E. Produce draft report of methodology, findings, and recommendations.
3.. Review Process
A. Present monthly status reports to Town management and Task Force.
B. Present findings to Town management and Task Force.
C. Revise draft `report after feedback from Town management and Task
Force.
D. Present findings and recommendations in a meeting with Town
Council.
SCHEDULE
All proposals are to be submitted by February 28, 1992.
Proposal review and consultant selection by March 13, 1992.
Consultant analysis completed by June 19, 1992.
Presentation to Vail Town Council on June 23, 1992.
2
BUDGET
~ All consultant fees and expenses must be included within the proposed budget.
FORMAT
Consultant proposals shall be prepared using the following format in order to
facilitate evaluation:
Letter of Transmittal
Part 1 Project Organization
Part 2 Project Work Plan
Part 3 Project Staffing
Part 4 Experience Record
. Part 5 Budget/Cost Proposal
Part 6 Appendices
. Each part should be clearly defined for easy reference. Six copies of the proposal
shall be submitted.
Letter of Transmittal: The letter of transmittal is to be addressed to:
Ron Phillips
Town Manager
Town of Vail
75 South F7ontage Road
Vail, Colorado 81657
This letter must contain ~ brief summary of the key points of the proposal and a
statement that the proposal will remain in effect for 60 days after receipt by the
Town of Vail. The proposal shall contain the name, title, address, and telephone
number of an individual or individuals with authority to bind the company, who
may be contacted during the period of evaluation.
Part 1: Proiect Organization
This part of the proposal should contain a concise description of how the proposer
intends to organize its approach to the Project. The prime consultant is to be
identified as well as other participating firms or individuals whether in joint
venture or as subconsultants. The role each fires is to play in accomplishing the
identified work program must be explained. Key personnel to be assigned to the
Project by all firms must be identified, including a brief description of their role in
the Study.
3
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Part 2: Proiect Work Plan
In this part, the consultant is requested to outline the methodology for' the
performance of the tasks identified in this RFP. The work plan should'provide a
narrative description of the method of implementing the work tasks as',well as any
substantive or procedural innovations used by the proposer on similar''projects
that are applicable to the study described in the RFP.
Throughout this part, the consultant must clearly illustrate the generalized
approach to the Project, and exhibit a clear understanding of the program.
Part 3: Proiect Staffing
This part shall identify key personnel who are anticipated to be assigned to the
Project, for both the prime consultant as well as any proposed subconsultants.
Each person listed must also be identified further through use of an individual
r~sum~. Each r~sum~ form must be complete and concise, featuring experience
which is most directly relevant to the task responsibility which the individual will
be assigned. R~sum~s should be limited to two pages per person.
Part 4: Exr~erience Record
This part should contain a brief history of the firm and the types of work
accomplished, an indication of current staff size, and the location of the office of
the firm. This information is to be provided on each firm submitting as~,part of
the proposal. A complete, concise and accurate description of each firm's
experience which is relevant to this uroiect should be cited. The information
provided should be oriented toward a demonstration that each firm or team of
firms has had the appropriate experience to undertake the intended work
program.
A hst of clients for similar projects should be provided. This hst should II include
the name and telephone number of an appropriate contact person for each client
reference.
Again, the Town is interested in the past experience of personnel the firm will
assign to the Project. Firms should not submit past experience based on
indi~~duals either not with the firm or not assigned to the study.
I
4
Part 5: Budget/Cost Proposal
~ The proposer should provide a summary of costs for all services and materials
anticipated to be incurred within the study. A stunmary table should be provided
which indicates, for each task, the person-days assumed (broken down by Senior
Professional, Professional, and Technical Staff categories) and the dollar amount
involved. Materials, travel, and other costs should also be summarized in this
table. The consultant should review the work tasks and provide the Town of Vail
with a statement as to the appropriateness and adequacy of the budget identified
in this RFP and/or a total maximum fee for all expenses to accomplish the work.
Part 6: Annendices
Information considered by the proposer to be pertinent.to this Project which was
not specifically solicited in Parts 1 through 5 may be placed in an appendix. The
proposer is reminded that this is not an invitation to submit voluminous amounts
- of extraneous material.
GENERAL. CONDITIONS
Limitation And Award
This RFP does not commit the Town of Vail to award a contract, nor to pay any
costs intoned in the preparation and submission of proposals in anticipation of a
contract. The Town of Vail reserves the right to accept or reject any or all
proposals received as the result of this request, to negotiate with all qualified
sources, or to cancel all or part of the RFP. After a priority listing of the final
firms is established, the Town of Vail will negotiate a contract with the first
priority firm. If negotiations cannot be successfully completed with the first
priority firm, negotiations will be formally terminated and be initiated with the
second most qualified firm, and likewise, the remaining firms.
The Town of Vail may choose to terminate this study at any time. The provider
firm will be paid for all expenses incurred up to the point of termination.
Equal Employment Ounortunity
The Proposer will not discriminate against any employee or applicant for
employment because of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. The Proposer
. will take affirmative action to ensure that.applicants are employed and that
applicants are employed and that employees are treated equally during
employment, without regard to their race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.
Such action shall include, but not be limited to, the following: employment
upgrading; demotion or transfer; recruitment or recruitment advertising; layoff or
termination; rates of pay or other forms of compensation; and selection for
training, including apprenticeship.
5
CONSULTANT SELECTION
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Proposals received that conform to the proposal instructions outlined in this RFP
will be evaluated by a Task Force appointed by the Town Manager and Town
Council.
Evaluation Criteria
The outlined below provides a list of the criteria and scoring system which will be
used in the evaluation of the proposals submitted to accomplish the work defined
in this RFP.
General Compliance With The RFP - 5 Points
• Format
• Content
Proiect Organization - 5 Points
• Completeness of the project team
• Clarification of management structure and accountability
• Appropriateness of the project organization to the project
Proiect Work Plan - 15 Points
• Creative approach
• Demonstration of` understanding of the project objectives .
• Work flow diagram
• Appropriate methodology for the project work tasks
Proiect Staffing - 10 Points
• Qualifications of project manager
• Qualifications of key staff
• Commitment to project by key staff
6
Experience Record - 10 Points
• Relevant experience of each firm
• Experience of personnel assigned in similar projects in both the public
and private sectors
• Client references
Buduet /Cost Proposal - 5 Points
• State ability to complete project within schedule and budget.
Total - 50 Points
Interviews
In addition to the written proposal, the most promising candidate firms may be
evaluated on their performance in an oral interview conducted by the selection
committee. The interview will be limited to two hours or less, and will consist of a
presentation (about 1 /2 hour) by the candidate plus an extensive question and
answer period. Interviews will be scheduled at a later date.
The Town of Vail reserves the right to select a consultant based upon evaluation
of written proposals only.
7
- ~ : ~EC ~ J A N 13 1992
UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENC
s REGION VIII
999 18th STREET -SUITE 500
DENVER, COLORADO 80202-2405
Ref: 8HWM-SR
To: ALL INTERESTED PARTIES
From: U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Subject: RISK ASSESSMENT OF PCB's IN EAGLE MINE
In late 1990 the Region VIII office of the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) began an analysis of
possible alternatives to assist with the clean-up of the Eagle
Mine Superfund site., EPA's efforts were undertaken in support of
the State of Colorado, which is designated as lead agency for
this effort.
The EPA and the State agreed that there was a need to
analyze the risks, if any, from small residual amounts of
polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) that were left in three
transformers that are underwater in the now-flooded Eagle Mine.
The attached document evaluates the potential human health
risks associated with the potential migration of the PCBs from
the mine to the Eagle River. EPA used conservative assumptions
in this analysis and found that there would be an increased
cancer risk from regular ingestion of a quantity of fish from the
Eagle Mine area in the range of 1 in 1.00,000. EPA finds
increased cancer risks in the range of 1 in 10,000 to 1 in
1,000,000 to be in the acceptable range. Details on fish
consumption and other assumptions are found in the report.
Again, EPA has taken a protective approach in developing the risk
numbers for the Eagle Mine PCBs.
It must be emphasized that the mine pool and the seepage_
from the mine have been sampled on a regular basis for the
presence of PCBs. No PCBs have ever been detected in either.
Extra copies of this risk assessment report have been left
with Mr. Kent Mueller, City Manager, Minturn, Colorado.
Questions, or additional requests for copies, should be addressed
to Mr. Gene Taylor, Remedial Project Manager, at EPA in Denver at
(303) 293-1640.
1/17/92 COUNCIL: The full .report is available if you wish to read it.
Please let me know and a copy will be made for you!, pab
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RISK ASSESSMENT OF PCBs IN EAGLE MINE
AT
EAGLE MINE SITE
MINTURN, COLORADO
MORRISON KNUDSEN CORPORATION
v Emirort......~1 S_. Group
RISK ASSESSMENT OF PCBs ~IN EAGLE MINE
AT
EAGLE MINE SITE
MINTURN, COLORADO
REVISION 2
DECEMBER 1991
Prepared For:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
REGION VIII
Prepared By:
MORRISON KNUDSEN CORPORATION
Environmental Services Group
7100 East Belleview Avenue, Suite 300
Englewood, Colorado 80111
EPA ARCS CONTRACT NO.: 68-W9-0025
I
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION TITLE PAGE
1.0 INTRODUCTION 1
2.0 POTENTIAL EXPOSURE PATHWAYS 1
3.0 ESTIMATED PCB CONCENTRATIONS IN THE EAGLE
RIVER _ 1
4.0 POTENTIAL RISKS
4.1 Potential Risks From Ingestion of Fish 3
4.2 Potential Risk From Incidental Ingestion of Surface
Water While Kayaking or Rafting ~
~.0 SUMMARY AND DISCUSSION OF UNCERTAINTIES 8
6.0 REFERENCES 10
APPENDICES
Appendix A -Modelling of PCBs in the Eagle Mine A-1
Appendix B -Modelling of PCBs in the Eagle River ~ B-1
3.80\7803\OOIR0011SS .l_
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Three electrical transformers containing PCB residues (Aroclor 1260) remain underwater
in the 16-23 level of the Eagle Mine at Minturn, Colorado. Since the mine filled in the fall
of 1989, seepage from the mine has been sampled and analyzed at regular intervals. No
`PCBs have been detected- in these samples. This document evaluates the potential human
health risks associated with the potential release of the PCBs from the mine to the Eagle
River. Potential exposures via consumption of fish and incidental ingestion of surface water
while kayaking or rafting were evaluated. Conservative assumptions were used to provide
estimates of Reasonable Maximum Exposures (RMEs). The estimated excess cancer risks «
from ingestion of fish are in the range of 1 in 100,000 (1x10"5). Noncarcino~enic effects
were not quantitatively evaluated because no EPA-approved toxicity values are available.
However, a qualitative discussion of the systemic and developmental toxicity of Aroclor 1260
is included in the report. The estimated excess cancer risk from incidental ingestion of
surface water is extremely low (7x10'10). The estimated exposures were calculated for base
flow in the Eagle River (for October, 1990). It is likely that average flows would be greater
over the estimated exposure period and thus dilution of PCBs would be greater. Thus,
exposures and risks would be less. Other factors that would result in reduced exposures are
discussed. The uncertainties of the analysis are discussed. Although there are uncertainties
in the analvsis, the estimated risks are considered conservative estimates of potential risks.,
3780\280J\001[1001255 -tl- ~Re~. i%;~+i~
RISK ASSESSiV1ENT OF PCBS IN TRANSFORI'~'tERS AT THE EAGLE MINE SITE
I.0 INTRODUCTION
Three electrical transformers with residues of Pyranol dielectric fluid remain at level 16-?3
in the Eagle Mine. The dielectric fluid is thought to contain 78 percent PCBs (Aroclor
1260) by weight. The transformers were drained in 1981. EPA (1991a) estimates that
approximately 1 percent of the original fluid volume remains in the transformers. Thus, the
total amount of dielectric fluid remaining is approximately 2.3 gallons (28 pounds). The 16-
23 level of the Eagle Mine is now flooded and the transformers are under water.
This document assesses the potential for PCBs to be transported out of the mine and into
the Eagle River and the potential human health risks associated with this potential release.
The main text presents the potential human health risks from exposure to PCBs in surface
water. Appendi~c A presents background information on the transformers and mine
workings and provides an estimate of potential PCB concentrations in seeps which might
enter the Eagle River at Rock Creek and from the Newhouse Tunnel. Appendix B presents
estimated PCB concentrations in the Eagle River and describes the surface water model
used for these estimates.
2.0 POTENTIAL EXPOSURE PATHWAYS
Persons could be exposed to PCBs in the Eagle River through ingestion of fish and surface
water. The fishery in the Eagle~River in the area of the mine. is currently in poor condition.
However, for the purposes of this assessment, it is assumed that in the future the river could
support a viable fishery resource (e.g., brown trout). Fish ingestion is an important potential
exposure pathway because PCBs bioaccumulate in the aquatic food chain. In this
a assessment potential exposures via fish ingestion are evaluated. The Eagle River is not used
as a source of drinking water in the area of the mine. However, it is possible that persons
could incidentally ingest small quantities of water while involved in activities such as
kayaking or rafting. The potential risks from this pathway will be evaluated.
3.0 ESTINL4TED PCB CONCENTRATIONS IN THE EAGLE RIVER
Based on assumptions regarding PCB solubility in water and dilution within the Mine, a
PCB concentration of 0.027 mg/1 (27 ug/1) was estimated for the Eagle mine seeps at Rock
Creek Canyon, assuming that the seeps are allowed to enter the river. (The assumption that
»xo~zsm~ooinooizss -1- ~Rr. z iz; i;,~~~i
b
PCBs may enter the Eagle River from the mine-seeps represents a hypothetical future event.
Water samples from the mine seeps have been monitored for PCBs since 1949 to the
present and during that time, no PCBs have been detected. Also, currently, most of the
- surface seepage at Rock Creek is being collected and delivered to an onsite treatment
plant.) The rationale for this estimate are given in Appendix A. The PCB concentration
in the Eagle River, ;ust below Rock Creek, is estimated at 0.090 ug/1 (see Appendix A).
PCB concentrations in the Eagle River, from Rock Creek to ten miles downstream, were
modelled' by accounting for dilution and adsorption to sediments (see Appendix B). The
estimated arithmetic mean concentration of Aroclor 1260 in the Eagle River, from Rock
Creek to 1.0 miles downstream, is 0.002 ug/l. This value is used in the risk assessment.
This concentration is considered a conservative estimate for a number of reasons including
the following:
• Base flow (based on October, 1990 measurements) in the Eagle River was
used in this assessment to estimate dilution of PCBs. Dilution under other
flow conditions will be greater, and thus PCB concentrations would be lower.
The PCB concentration in the river is likely to be less at other times of the
year due to higher flow volumes. Measurements of winter seepage rates and
river flow volumes are unreliable due to the effects of ice and snow. The
mean flow in the Eagle River at Minturn, for the 1990 water year', was
approximately three times greater than the mean flow for October (87.9 cfs
vs. 27.6 cfs, USGS 1991). In addition, the flow values used are conservative
because the 1990 water year had below average flows for the period of record.
The mean discharge of the Eagle River at Red Cliff was 26.6 cfs for the 1990
water year. The mean flow for the 61-year period of record is 47.4 cfs (USGS
1991);
• A settling rate of 16.4 ft/day was used to estimate the rate of loss of sediment
particles from the water column. Based on available soil particle size data
(see Appendix B), the rate of settling is likely to be greater than 16.4 ft/day.
A higher settling rate would result in more rapid loss of PCBs from the water
column. The Aroclor concentration at one mile downstream would be less
than the estimated value of 0.0043 ug/L; and
11990 water year =October 1959 to September 1990.
n:~~ zvoa~oo i Wool zss 2 ~ it~~.:. i z: i ; ~ ~
• Persons using the Eagle River for recreational purposes would likely access
a greater portion of the stream than the stream reach from Rock Creek to
one mile downstream of Rock Creek. (Also the reach of the Eagle River one
mile downstream has not historically been used as a rafting/kayaking area).
The estimated PCB concentration at 1.0 mile downstream is extremely low;
approximately 7x10 ug/L. This concentration is three orders of magnitude
less than the value used in the risk assessment. PCB concentrations further
downstream of this point would be even lower..
4.0 POTENTIAL RISKS
4.1 Potential Risks From Ingestion of Fish
Potential cancer risks were evaluated for adults and children ingesting fish. Reasonable
maximum exposures (RMEs) to PCBs were estimated for persons consuming fish from the
Eagle River. EPA (1989b) recommends that an RME be calculated to estimate potential
risks at hazardous waste sites. The intent of the RME is to use exposure parameters that
provide a conservative upper-bound on potential risks, meaning that the risk estimate is
unlikely to be underestimated but likely to be overestimated. The likelihood that this RiViE
may actually occur is extremely small due to the unlikely combination of conservative
assumptions incorporated into the RME scenario. In this assessment it was assumed that
an adult ingests an average of 54 grams (0.054 kg) of fish per day. This is equivalent to
about two 8-ounce servings of fish per week. The ingestion rate is the EPA (1991b)
recommended value for adults for recreational fishing. Information on fish ingestion rates
for children is limited. In this assessment an .average ingestion rate of 16.5 grams (0.'Olfi~
kg) of fish per day is used for children ages 0-9 (EPA 1989a)'-. It is assumed that half of
the fish that are ingested are taken from the Eagle River between Rock Creek and 1.0 miles
downstream. It is assumed that the remainder of the fish are taken from other bodies of
water or farther downstream on the Eagle River where the concentrations of PCBs would
be negligible. An exposure duration of 2.5 years was used. This was based on an estimate
of the time required for the PCBs to be flushed from the mine workings (see Appendix A).
If the flushing time for PCBs is greater than 2.5 years the overall lifetime exposure to PCBs
is not expected to be increased because the concentration of the .PCBs would be less than
assumed.
'-Note -fish ingestion rates for younger discrete age groups are not available.
rso~ zan3~oo i noon _ss far. i'i e i ~
i
i
To estimate the concentration of PCBs in edible fish tissue, a bioaccumulation factor (BAF)
For Aroclor 1260 of 25,26 was used (EPA 1991c)3. The BAF is intended to represent
bioaccumulation that may occur as a result of exposure to the chemical in the food chain,
in addition to accumulation from the water column. The BAF used in this assessment is a
lipid normalized value (i.e. 1% lipid). In this assessment it was assumed that a fillet is
approximately one percent lipid.` The following equation was used to estimate the
concentration in fish fillet (CF):
CF (mg/kg) = CW * CV *BAF ,
where
CW =concentration in water (0.0043 ug/L or ppb),
CV =conversion factor of ug to mg, ppb to ppm (0.001), and
BAF =bioaccumulation factor (25,26).
Using the equation above, the estimated concentration in fish fillet is approximately 0.11
mg/kg (ppm). The following equation, based on EPA (1989b) was used to estimate the
chronic daily intake (CDI) from fish ingestion:
CDI (mg/kg-day) _ (CF * IR * FI * EF * ED)/ BW * AT
where
CF =concentration in fish (mg/kg),
IR =ingestion rate (0.054 kg per day for adults, 0.016 kg/day for children),
FI =fraction of ingested fish from the contaminated area (0.5),
EF =exposure frequency (350 days/year based on EPA 1991b),
ED =number of years of exposure (2.5),
3T'his value is based on a current effort by EPA to compile bioconcentration factors
and bioaccumulation factors for a variety of chemicals. The project is being coordinated
by Charles Stephan, EPA, Duluth, Minnesota and Joan Karnauskas, EPA, Chicago,
Illinois. These values are currently undergoing internal review at EPA.
This assumption is supported by a reported value of 0.7% lipid for brook trout fillet
(Snarski and Puglisi 1976 in EPA 1980).
3~~0\ ;BQ]\OOItl001:SS Rev. Z. 12/17/911
B~V =body weight (70 kg for adults based on EPA 1989b, 18 kg for children ages 0-9 based
on EPA 1989a), and
AT =averaging time (for carcinogens 25,550 days in a lifetime based on EPA 1989b).
Cancer Risks
Based on the above equation, the estimated CDI for adults is 1.4x10-6 mg/kg-day. For
children the CDI is 1.7x10 mg/kg-day. The resulting cancer risks are estimated using the
following equation (EPA 1989b):
Excess upper bound lifetime cancer risk =CDI * SF
where
SF = cancer slope factor for PCBs (7.7 per mg/kg-day, B2 weight of evidences based on
EPA's Integrated Risk Information System, June 1, 1991).
The excess upper bound cancer risk for adults is 1.1x10-5. For children the cancer risk is
1.3x10''. These are very conservative estimates of the potential cancer risks from ingestion
of fish. As previously discussed, the concentration of PCBs in the Eagle River to which a
fish may be exposed is likely to be less than the value estimated, primarily due to higher
flow in the river and higher settling rates for suspended sediments than were assumed.
Lower concentrations would result in reduced exposures and lower risks. It should be noted
that there is uncertainty regarding the slope factor for Aroclor 1260. Recent research by
Chrostowski and Shipp (1990) indicate that the slope factor for Aroclor 1260 used in this
assessment may be about 12 times greater than the state-of-the-art value.
Noncarcinogenic risks
No EPA-approved toxicity values for noncarcinogenic effects (i.e., RfDs) for PCBs are
available (based on a review of the IRIS and HEAST databases). Therefore, the potential
for noncarcinogenic effects was not quantitatively evaluated in this assessment. Below is a
summary of the systemic and developmental toxicity of Aroclor 1260 based on information
in ATSDR's toxicologic profile for PCBs (ATSDR 1991).
SB2 =probable human carcinogen based on inadequate evidence from human
studies with adequate evidence from animal studies.
3'PO~zvo3~ooinoo~zss far.:. ~z~i7~~~i~
Very few studies have characterized the acute effects of Aroclor 1260 in experimental
animals. There is limited information regarding the effects of Aroclor 1260 upon the
nervous system following acute exposure. Administration of single, relatively high doses
(~00 and 1,000 mg/kg) of a mixture of Aroclor 1254 and Aroclor 1260 to rats induced
changes in the levels of the neurotransmitter serotonin in several areas of the brain (Seegal
et al. 1986 as cited in ATSDR 1991). A correlation between the direction of the changes
(increase or decrease) and changes in PCB levels in the different areas of the brain could
not be made. The significance of the reported changes in serotonin levels is unknown.
Furthermore, in the absence of histological examination of the brain and with no apparent
clinical signs of neurotoxicity, the study by Seegal et al. (1986 as cited in ATSDR 1991) does
not provide enough information to assess neurological function.
Hepatic (i.e. liver) effects of PCBs are documented in various animal species, brit rats have
been the species tested most extensively. The changes appear to be reversible when mild
and are similar among species. Effects include hepatic microsomal enzyme induction, '
increased serum levels of liver-associated enzymes indicative of possible hepatocellular
damage, liver enlargement, fat deposition, fibrosis, and necrosis. Microsomal enzyme
induction is the most sensitive hepatic alteration produced by PCBs. Induction of
microsomal enzymes by PCBs is not necessarily adverse, but it is known to increase
activation of promutagens and procarcinoQens (Hayes 1987 as cited in ATSDR 1991).
Hepatic lipid accumulation was observed in the offspring of rats that were fed 1.5 ma/kg-day
Aroclor 1260 (Linder et al. 1974 as cited in ATSDR 1991). Rats fed more than 6.~-7.~
mg/kg-day Aroclor 1260 for 8~months (Kimbrough et al. 1972 as cited in ATSDR 1991)
developed fatty and necrotic degenerative histological changes in the liver. There were no
treatment-related histological effects in the livers of guinea pigs with significantly increased
relative liver weight fed less than 2 mQ/kg-day Aroclor 1260 for 8 weeks (Vos and de Roij
1972 as cited in ATSDR 1991). Chronic dietary studies were conducted with nits exposed
to Aroclor 1260 for 16 months at 5 mg/kg-day followed by 2.~ m~/kg-day for 8 months and
then no treatment for 5 months (Norback and Weltman 1985 as cited in ATSDR 1991), or
5 mg/kg-day Aroclor 1260 for 21 months (Kimbrough et al. 1972 as cited in ATSDR 1991).
Preneoplastic and neoplasticb liver lesions were observed in these and other rat studies, but
treatment-related nonproliferative liver lesions or nonproliferative liver lesions that did not
progress to neoplasms after 1 year were not described in these studies.
6Neopiastic indicates that neoplasms (tumors) were present. or in the process of
forming.
;~o`~~n3~oo i noo i zss -6- ~ per. z.: z; i i ~
Immunological effects manifested as a reduction in gamma-globulin containing cells in
lymph nodes have been reported in guinea pigs stimulated with tetanus toxoid and
administered 0.4 ma/kg-day Aroclor 1260 in their diet for 8 weeks (Vos and de Roij 1972
as cited in ATSDR 1991).
Aroclor 1260 has also been associated with adverse developmental effects. Male and female
rats exposed to more than 1.5 mg/kg-day Aroclor 1253 and 35.4 mg/kg-day Aroclor 1260
in the diet in one- and two-generation studies had reduced litter sizes in the F1 and/or F,
generations (Linder et al. 1974 as cited in ATSDR 1991). Dietary doses of greater than 1.5
mg/kg-day Aroclor 1254 and Aroclor 1260 also produced lipid accumulation in the offspring
of these rats that were examined at weaning. A dose of 13.E mg/kg-day caused decreased
weight at birth, high early mortality rate, and delayed growth.
4.2 Potential Risk From Incidental Ingestion of Surface Water While Kayaking or
Rafting
People involved in recreational water sports such as kayaking and rafting could accidentally
ingest surface water during these activities. Potential cancer risks were evaluated for these
users. The amount of water ingested was based on the value recommended for swimming
of 0.00 liters (SO ml) per hour (EPA 1989b). This value is used as the contact rate (CR)
in the equation below:
CDI (mg/kg-day) _ (CW * CV * CR * ET * EF * ED)/ BW * AT
where
CW =concentration in water (0.0043 ug/L or ppb),
CV =conversion factor of ug to mg, ppb to ppm (0.001),
CR =contact rate (0.05 liters/hour)
ET =exposure time (3 hours/day),
EF =exposure frequency (100 days/year),
ED =number of years of exposure (2.5),
BW =body weight (70 kg based on EPA 1989b), and
AT =averaging time for carcinogens (25,50 days in a lifetime based on EPA 1989b).
A PCB concentration in water of 0.0043 ug/L was used based on the stream reach from
Rock Creek to one mile below Rock Creek. This concentration is the same as that used for
3~so~:xo3~oolnro::ss -7- ~ ; of
Rev 2. I-/I / I
1
the fish ingestion scenario. Using this concentration is very conservative, since boaters
would likely use a much longer reach of stream. The PCB concentrations farther
downstream would be very low (see Appendix B). In addition, the stream reach evaluated
has not been used historically by kayakers and it may not provide suitable flow conditions
in order to be used to any significant degree. The estimated CDI is 9.0x10'11 mg/kg-day.
The estimated cancer risk is 7x10'10. The estimated intake is approximately 1,500 times less
than the amount that would be necessary to reach a one in a million (1x10) cancer risk
level.
Dermal absorption of PCBs was not quantitatively evaluated in this assessment. However,
this exposure route is not expected to significantly increase the risks to boaters.
5.0 SUMMARY A1~1D DISCUSSION OF UNCERTAINTIES
Potential human health risks from exposures to PCBs were estimated using conservative
assumptions. The pathways evaluated included ingestion of fish and incidental ingestion of
surface water while boating. Ingestion of fish from the Eagle River resulted in upper bound
excess lifetime cancer risks of approximately 1x10-$. Potential risks to children (1.3x10'')
were only slightly greater than potential risks to adults (1.1x10'5). The potential for
noncareinogenic effects was not quantitatively evaluated since no toxicity values are
available from EPA. Risks are likely to be much less than these values. Factors which
would reduce the concentrations of PCBs in the Eagle River particularly higher flow
volumes in the Eagle River and higher settling rates of sediments would also reduce the
potential exposures and risks to humans. Potential health risks to boaters from incidental
,ingestion of river water are extremely low. The excess lifetime cancer risk from incidental
ingestion of surface water while kayaking or rafting is 7x10'lo
There are a number of important uncertainties that should be kept in mind when reviewing
the results of this assessment. There is uncertainty associated with the amount of PCBs that
could be released from the Eagle mine. The volume of PCBs remaining in the mine has
not been measured. The estimated volume is based on information on the original volume
of the transformers and on details of the 1941 removal activities. The composition of the
dielectric fluid has not been measured. Its composition has been estimated based on the
age of the transformers and on an analysis of dielectric fluids recovered from other
transformers associated with the mine. In addition, there is uncertainty regarding the mine
workings and the nature of water flow in the mine. The uncertainties mentioned above are
1~ao~zaoa~ootnooizss -2~- ;Rr. r;~~i;
discussed in more detail in Appendix A. Conservative values were used to avoid
underestimating the volume of PCBs that could potentially be released from the mine.
In addition, there is uncertainty associated with the surface water model used to estimate
PCB concentrations in the Eagle River. Stream flow and sediment settling rate are very
important in estimating PCB concentrations. There is uncertainty associated with the
estimates of flow and settling rate that were used in the model. However, as previously
indicated, conservative values were used for these parameters in order to avoid
underestimating PCB concentrations. There is also uncertainty associated with the
bioaccumulation factor used to estimate PCB concentrations in trout fillets. There is
uncertainty associated with the cancer slope factor used to estimate carcinogenic risks. In
addition, there is uncertainty associated with the parameters used to estimate potential
human exposure (e.g., amount of fish consumed or water ingested and frequency of
exposure). These values are intended to reflect EPA's RME scenario for people in the
vicinity of the Eagle Mine. Most individuals would likely consume less fish and fish less
often in the Eagle River than assumed here.
nao~zvm~ooinooizss -9- ~Rr. z iz/i~;~i~
6,0 REFERENCES
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). 1991. Draft toxicologic
profile for polychlorinated biphenyls. U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services. October, 1991.
Chrostowski, P.C. and Shipp, A. 1990. State of the art for polychlorinated biphenyl site risk
assessment. Presented at PCB Forum, 2nd International Conference for the
Remediation of PCB Contamination, April 2&3.
Hayes, M.A. 1987. Carcinogen and mutagenic effects of PCBs. In: Safe S, Hutzinger
O. ed. Environmental toxin series. Vol I: Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs:
Mammalian and environmental toxicology). Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 77-95. As
cited in ATSDR 1991. ~ "
Kimbrough, R.D., Linder, R.E., and Gaines, T.B. 1972. Morphological changes in livers
of rats fed polychlorinated biphenyls. Arch Environ Health 25:354-364. As cited in
ATSDR 1991.
Linder, R.E., Gaines, T.B., Kimbrough, R.D. 1974. The effect of polychlorinated biphenyls
on rat reproduction. 'Food Cosmet Toxicol 12:63-77. As cited in ATSDR 1991.
Norback, D.H. and Weltman, R.H. 1985. Polychlorinated biphenyl induction of
hepatocellular carcinoma in the Sprague-Dawely rat. Environ Health Perspect 60:97-
105. As cited in ATSDR 1991.
Seegal, R.F., Brosch, K.O., and BUSCH, B. 1986. Polychlorinated biphenyls produce
regional alterations of dopamine metabolism in rat brain. Toxicol Lett 30:197-202.
As cited in ATSDR 1991.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 1980. Ambient water quality criteria for
polychlorinated biphenyls. Office of Water Regulations and Standards. EPA 440/5-
80-068. Washington; D.C.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1989a. Exposure Factors Handbook. Office of
Health and Environmental Assessment. EPA 600/8-89/043. Washington, D.C.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 1989b. Risk Assessment Guidance for
Superfund Volume I Human Health Evaluation Manual (Part A). Interim Final.
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response. EPA/540/1-89/002. December, 1989.
Washington, D.C.
s~so`zsoa~aoi nooi:ss -10- ; ar. i zl i ; i~ i ~
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 1991a. Personal communication with Dan
Bench. February 19, 1991.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 1991b. Risk Assessment Guidance for
Superfund Volume I: Human Health Evaluation Manual. SuD_olemental Guidance:
Standard Default Exposure Factors. Interim Final: OSWER Directive 9285.6-03.
Washington, D.C.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 1991c. Personal communication with Joan
Karnauskas, Water Division, EPA Region 5, Chicago, Illinois. October 23, 1991.
U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). 1991. Water Resources Data. Colorado. Water Year
1990. Volume 2. Colorado River Basin above Dolores River. Lakewood, Colorado.
f
Vos, J.G., and De Roij, J. T. 1972. Immunosuppressive activity of a polychlorinated
biphenyl preparation on the humoral immune response in guinea pigs. Toxicol Appl
Pharmacol 21:549-5». As cited in ATSDR 1991.
7780\:.903\OOl[1001:SS -11- ~Rr. 2. I.; t7j4i ~
APPENDIX A
MODELLING OF PCBS IN THE EAGLE MINE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
The Eagle iVline has been subject to a number of actions to mitigate potential environmental
hazards associated with the closure and abandonment of the mine. This included several
actions to inventory and remove electrical equipment which contained dielectric fluid
composed primarily of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). As a part of these remedial
actions, New Jersey Zinc Corporation sent a work crew into the mine in October, 1981 to
drain and flush three transformers located on the 16 level of the mine. The transformers
were drained and flushed and left in place. Due to the manner in which they were drained .
and flushed, the transformers still contain minor amounts of PCBs. The transformers are
now below water in the flooded mine and PCBs could potentially be transported into the
pool. This section addresses the potential for the PCBs to be released from the mine and
the possible concentration PCBs in ground water and surface water.
2.0 REMOVAL ACTION - 1981
2.1 Location of the Transformers
The transformers are located in a former transfer station on the 16-23 level. This area is
aside cut which links to the 16-East Drift and the 16-1 Drift (see Figure A-2). This side
cut is designated as the 16-18-2 Drift (or Crosscut). The specific location within the 16-18-2
Drift where the transformers are located is called the 16-23 Hoist Station or Transfer
Station. The portion of the I6-18-2 Crosscut which attaches to the 16-1 drift was widened
to provide a storage area for mine timbers. The hoist station was used to pull loaded ore
carts up an incline from 17 level.
A portion of the mine in this area was sealed off on several levels to control a mine fire.
According to a report submitted by New Jersey Zinc in july of 1982, "The fire began in
December of 1977 in the 17-28 area and spread to the northwest, i.e., between the 16-18 and
16-23 Crosscuts. Over a period of months, all entrances to the mined-oiit ground were
sealed on the 16, 17 and 18 levels, and a few seals were installed on 19 Ievel....By the time
the fires were finally contained in November of 1978, the fire on the 17 and 18 levels had
spread from the 28 to 23 Crosscut, and the 16 level fire had burned out the timber at the
entrance to the 16-18 Crosscut, causing the cave-in that has inhibited direct access to the
16-23 transformers."
3780\2301\ OO l ROO I ZSS A- L ~ Rcv. 2. 12; 17; ~ I ~
The mine fire report goes on to state that in October of 1981, the barrel lids were removed
from the seals at 16-18 and the raise at 18-23 in .order to ventilate the 16-23 transformer
substation during that period when PCB oil was being removed. The area was then resealed
to contain the fires in October and another seal was added in November, 1981. The relative
locations of the fire seals is shown in the composite map from New Jersey Zinc's report
(Figure A-2).
The fire seals probably do not form water tight seals. The mine fire report noted that the
two entrances to the 16-23 Substation, the drift near 16-18 Crosscut and the raise near 18-23
Crosscut, are barrel seals and both barrel lids have slight leaks. The report also notes that
the exhaust gas monitoring indicates some change in the air supply to the fire. This was
attributed to timbers weakened by the fire shifting from time to time, thereby allowing the
slowly circulating air behind the seals to find new pathways.
2.2 The Removal Action
A description of the removal action which the New Jersey Zinc work crew undertook in
1981 was provided by Mr. Joe Trujillo, a former new Jersey Zinc employee. IVIr. Trujillo
was a motorman in the Eagle Mine during the 1970's and early 1980's, and.was a member
of the crew which drained and flushed the transformers.
According to Mr. Trujillo:
In general, the drifts and tunnels in the Eagle Mine were about eight feet by
eight feet. The room adjacent to the transformer station was enlarged for
timber storage and is 16 to 20 feet high. The transformer room is about 20
feet high and 30 feet wide. The roof tapers down from 20 feet to 8 feet in
height. A length of the 16-East drift near the 16-18 Crosscut was completely
caved in, to the extent that no visible opening existed. This area is indicated
on Figure A-2.
The crew entered the mine at the main shaft in Gilman and descended to the
18 level. They proceeded to the raise at 18-23 and entered the raise through
the barrel seal at that location. It was thought that they would need self-
contained breathing apparatus; however, there was adequate oxygen so SCBA
was not used. The crew climbed ladders from the 18 level to the 17 level and
from 17 to 16 level. The total vertical distance between 16 and 18 levels is
3730\:803\0016001?SS ~ ~Rcv, L I2/I"•!'~II
about 150 feet. Members of the party carried plastic hose to drain the
transformers and five gallon cans of solvent to flush the transformers. Upon
arriving at the 16-23 Substation, the plastic hose was connected to the drain
pipe at the bottom of the transformer. The far end was placed in a gallon
drum on 1S level.
Each transformer was drained and then flushed. Each transformer was
flushed with an amount of solvent equal to the internal volume of the
transformer. (Records indicate that the transformers have an internal
capacity of 76 gallons.) The transformers were flushed by pouring 5 gallon
cans of solvent in the top and allowing them to drain out the bottom. 1~Ir.
Trujillo does not remember containing solvent in the transformers to soak the
windings; he thinks that solvent was poured in while the drain was open and
hooked up to the hose. All three of the transformers were drained and
flushed in the fashion described. The drain valves were removed and left off;
it is not known whether the tops were put back on the transformers or not.
The fire seals placed in the mine were constructed of a frame of 10" by 10"
timbers. A wire mesh was stretched over the timbers and covered with
gunnite concrete. A gallon drum was placed in some seals to afford access
to the area. The barrel was capped with a regular drum lid. This formed a
barrel seal. There are also fire doors in .some locations. These are wood
frame doors covered with one inch thick plywood which can be closed to cut
off air flow.
Records obtained from EPA indicated that all drums of PCB containing materials were
removed from the mine and properly disposed.
3.0 POSSIBLE TRANSPORT
3.2 Mine Pool Flow Regime
The flow regime within the abandoned mine is poorly characterized. While the mine was
operating, the general direction of water movement was from southeast to north vest;
however, the sources of infiltration into the mine were not clear.
3780\1230)\0016001 LSS t~ - J ~ Hc~. ! ! ~ . I ~
The following description of the hydrology of the mine is excerpted from a report titled
Eagle Mine Drainage After Shutdown which was submitted in 1983 by mine geologist J.
Merchant, as a requirement of a wastewater discharge permit application. It is included to
provide a basis for understanding the water movement (and attendant uncertainties) in the
mine.
Present Hvdrologv of the Mine
The Eagle Mine is in a series of sedimentary rocks that outcrop in a narrow
band along the steep east side of the Eagle River canyon. The beds dip
northeast away from the river at a fairly uniform 11 to 12 degrees; water
soaking into the rock at the surface tends to flow into the mountain down the
dip of the rock strata. Hydrologically....the most important rocks in the mine
are the Leadville dolomite and Chaffee formations, which I will refer to
collectively as the dolomites, and the Sawatch quartzite. Between these two
lie the Harding and Peerless formations, which are characterized by
numerous clayey beds, making an impermeable barrier that isolates the mine
from the large ground water reservoir in the Pennsylvanian sediments
forming the bulk of Battle Mountain. Since faulting in the mine area is all
of small magnitude, there are no large natural water courses crosscutting the
impermeable strata, with one possible exception to be discussed later.
The dolomites are permeable along fractures and the cleaner bedding planes,
solution cavities and zones of sanded dolomite. Sanded dolomite has been
partially dissolved along grain boundaries, producing anything from a slight
increase in porosity to a loose, free-running dolomite sand. The ore deposits
make especially large channels for ground/water flow; the ore is (or was)
quite porous, and where it has been mined out, what remains is either open
space or a fill of broken rock....
In the Sawatch, quartzite permeability is largely along fractures and bedding
planes. In the upper port of the formation, some beds have more or less
dolomite cement between the quartz grains, and this cement is susceptible to
solution. In the northwest end of the mine, the most important of these
dolomitic beds, known as the Rocky Point horizon, contains open solution
cavities and extensive breccia zones where the overlying rock has collapsed
into cavities....
a~eo~~o3~oninooizss A-~3 ~~t~. z. u; i~~~+i~
Water entering the mine flows from the surface down the dip of the bedding;
on any given level, most water seeps are found along the southwest, or
footwall, side. Where levels are stacked vertically above each other, most of
the water enters on the lowest level. Consequently, we tend to think of water
courses as. running exclusively down the dip, which may not be strictly true.
there is good permeability somewhere down there in the strike direction
(northwest-southwest). This should be kept in mind when predicting where
water will exit once pumping of the mine ceased, since the rock formations
reach the surface at progressively lower altitudes northwest of the mine.
Major entry points for water are along the orebodies in the dolomites... (in)
the area of the chimney orebodies, the ore occupied the full thickness of
both the Leadville and Chaffee formations (Figure A-1). The subsidence
resulting from the removal of the great volume of ore. in the chimneys has
broken up .the Belden shale above the chimneys to considerable but
unmeasured height above the normal extent of the mine workings. This has
tapped water-bearing beds in the Belden shale that would normally be
isolated from the mine. This is probably the largest year-round source of
dirty water; the water comes in mostly on 19 and 20 levels at the bottom of
the chimneys. Another major source of dirty water is the levels above 14,
where the spring snowmelt enters in large quantity in May and June. The
. water going to the treatment plant, normally 100 gpm or less through the
winter, doubles at this time and may even triple for short periods. The
seepage which enters along bedding on the footwall side of many levels, both
in dolomite and quartzite, constitutes a minor part of the total mine water
flow.
The largest single water source in the mine is in 19-~-E-3 Drift, an
exploratory heading extending well to the southeast of any other part of the
mine. It produces somewhat more than.200 gpm year round, over two-thirds
of the total wintertime mine water. The water drops down from 19 level to
the far southeast end of 20 level, thence down to 22 and 24 levels and across
to 20-10 incline... This water was first encountered in drill holes ahead of the
advancing drift; the holes were plugged and pressure gauges installed.
Pressure readings were in the range of 100 to 140 psi. As the drill holes were
at an altitude of about 8,300 feet, the pressure was sufficient to push the
3~~o\a~oa\ooiioooi:.ss ~ii~. z ii; i;;oil
water appreciably above 16 level. The location is vertically below Willow
Creek, so it was thought that there might be a natural water course through
the Belden shale, but this suspicion was never confirmed. Another probable
source of the water is Turkey Creek where it passes over the Leadville
dolomite near the mouth of Willow Creek at an altitude of about 8,700 feet.
This source appeared to be confirmed when the drill holes in 19-~-E-3 were
opened and allowed to flow; the water level in the Liberty iVline at Turkey
Creek went down from about 8,680 feet to around 8,400 feet, still 100 feet
above 19-~-E-3. But when ~ the drift was subsequently extended 1,400 feet
farther toward the Liberty Mine, the Liberty water level remain about the
same, allowing for a seasonal fluctuation of 50 feet or so... So while it
appears that this is another example of high permeability in the strike
direction, some details of the plumbing. system remain unresolved.
When the Mine Closes
....The dolomite workings are much more extensive than the quartzite
workings, having produced 12 ; million tons of ore. The quartzite workings
are just as significant hydrologically, however, because they provide the low
altitude connections to the surface. The workings in the quartzite consists of
long strike drifts on 17 and 20 levels and two stopes in the northwest section
of the mine near Rock Creek that connect 20 level to 17 level, 16 level, and
the surface. The dolomite and quartzite workings are connected by the
Newhouse Tunnel on 16 Level and long crosscuts on 17 and 20 levels.
....One way to estimate the time for the mine to till is to divide the volume to
be filled by the rate of inflow. This was done for the interval from 16 to 20
levels, and the answer was 4 years assuming an average ~vaterflow of 300 gpm,
or 6 years assuming 200 gpm. The calculation involves a lot of guesswork,
as the rate of water flow when the mine is full is not known, and the volume
left by removal of the ore has been filled to large extent with waste rock...
Thus, from Merchant's description it appears that water flow in the mine generally moved
from southeast to northwest. There was also recharge from both above and below [he lh
through 18 levels. Now that bulkheads have been installed, the mine pool has risen to an
elevation of 8530.5 feet so the mine pool head pressure may be approaching the head
pressure driving the inflow from the 19-5-E-3 Drift. This may have reduced the flow from
]%90\:.cOJ\oo1600L'.SS A-6 ~Rr. i.; i'ioil
southeast to northwest. The primary exit area for water from the flooded mine works are
the seeps from -the adits and hillside north of the Bleakhouse workings along Rock Creek
(Figure A-1). There is also limited seepage from the Newhouse Tunnel. This is consistent
with 1vlerchant's description of the flow direction. Thus it is assumed herein that the seeps
along Rock Creek and from the Newhouse tunnel are the most probable location for the
surface appearance of any PCB contaminated water from the mine. To obtain a maximum
potential PCB volume delivered to the Eagle River lie a conservative risk assessment
assumption) it is assumed that seepage of PCB contaminated water will occur at Rock Creek
and the Newhouse Tunnel at the same time.
The only rivo connections between the Eagle mine workings and the Bleakhouse workings
are crosscuts on the 17 and 201evel. These are the routes through which PCB contaminated
water will have to move before entering the Bleakhouse and eventually reaching the surface.
The 16-23 transfer station is currently isolated from other areas by fire seals, fire doors and
cave-ins. It is therefore unlikely that any movement is occurring in the mine pool there;
however, for the pupose of conservative exposure assessment the 16-23 station is assumed
to be in contact with the moving portion of the mine pool.
3.3 Possible Concentration of PCBs in the Mine Pool
To estimate even an order of magnitude value for PCBs in the mine pool, it is helpful to
visualize the process of solvation, diffusion and advective transport which will occur in the
flooded mine works. The current water elevation in the mine is 8,530.5 feet and the
elevation of the transformers is 8,521. As previously noted, the 16-23 transformer station
is at present effectively isolated from any major possible flotiv through the shafts and tunnels
of the main mine workings. -Water which flooded the transformer chamber therefore
entered by percolation through caved rock, seepage around fire seals and possibly by
infiltration through the rock mass itself. Thus, it appears that the chamber slowly filled with
water which trickled down the walls and seeped in along the side cuts and gradually filled
the chamber.
We believe that presently the transformers are completely submerged under quiescent water.
Under these conditions, the initial primary transport mechanism will be diffusion not
advection. The solvation and transport of the PCBs probably has begun and will be an
extremely slow process.
s-xo~:so~~ooinco~zss ~-7 far. z. iz/, ~/4i ~
i
The first step in the process will be the transfer of the PCBs from internal surfaces of the
transformers into the water inside the transformers. This will be a slow process. The
second step will be diffusion of the PCBs into the almost static water contained in the
transformer station chamber. This will also be a very slow process. Eventually, the PCBs
will saturate the water in the chamber and in the 16-18-2 Crosscut at a concentration limited
by the solubility of Aroclor 1260, which is .0027 mg/l. (It should be noted that natural
waters containing dissolved organic compounds (i.e., humins) can carry elevated levels of
PCBs in solution. Also, added PCBs may be transported by adsorption onto suspended
particulates. It is assumed that the above effects are minimal in the mine pool or are
counterbalanced by sorption of PCBs onto rock surfaces, rubble and sediments in the old
mine).
After saturating the water in the 16-18-2 Crosscut the PCBs will then move into the shafts,
drifts and raises which connect the chamber to the rest of the mine by diffusion and by slow
limited advection. The most likely transport routs are along the 16-East Drift, down the
raise to Level 18 and down the incline to level 17. All of these. passages are blocked by fire '
seals, cave-ins or fire doors. There will also be some diffusion of PCBs into the pore water
in the rock mass. Because the mine historically had infiltration of water from the 19 level
and some of that flow may be finding its way up to the 18 and 17 levels, it is not clear
whether the flow regime would allow the movement of PCBs by advection to levels lower
than 18. The minimum dilution of PCBs will occur if PCB containing mine water flows
toward the Bleakhouse workings predominately on Level 17. Surface flow from the mine
currently occurs primarily from the Bleakhouse workings in the form of seeps from the
hillside along Rock Creek and from Adit ~ at elevations in the range of the elevation of
Level 17 (8,434 feet). It is assumed that this will be the primary exit area for PCB
contaminated water. There is also seepage from Ben Butler, Tip Top and Adit 143 in the
Belden area; however, historical records indicate that these workings are not directly
connected to the Eagle Mine. (Current head pressure measurements by Dames & Moore
also indicate that these workings are not connected to the Eagle Mine).
The seeps at Rock Creek may drain infiltration from level 20 and up. (There is no record
of influx of water from lower depths of the mine:) There could be some movement of PCB
saturated water from the transformer station with subsequent dilution by mixin; and
removal (i.e., transport by advection which is faster than diffusion), if so the concentration
of PCBs will be reduced. This is impossible to predict; however, so we need to consider the
~;so~zROa~noio~oizss ~-g ~Rr. z izii~~ai~
possibility that the maximum possible concentration of PCBs in water will be present in the
mine pool where it exits the workings at Rock Creek.
Salvation and sorption characterions of PCBs will also affect the concentration of PCBs in
the mine pool. Aroclor 1260 is a commercial mixture of PCB isomers containing several
. different isomers with varying degrees of chlorination. When Aroclor 1260 dissolves, it
fractionates by molecular weight which is dependent upon the degree of chlorination, the
Iower molecular weight PCBs go into solution first, followed later by the heave molecular
weight fractions. This implies two things: 1) The lighter molecular weight PCBs may move
out of the transformers first; 2) There may be portions of the PCBs in the transformers
which will never move into solution in the water (until the transformers entirely rust away
and are themselves dissolved or deposited on the floor of the chamber). This indicates that
• not all of the PCBs will go into solution; however, since the exact amount of PCBs (i.e., 2.~
vs. 3.0 gallons, etc.} is not known, the amount undissolved is ignored herein.
Another effect which is even more significant than the effect mentioned above, is adsorption
of PCBs by rock and sediment in the flooded mine works. Aroclor 1260 is extremely
hydrophobic, that is, it has a strong tendency to move out of the aqueous phase and adsorb
onto solids. This tendency will reduce the total amount of PCBs which move into the mine
pool and will reduce the amount of PCBs which move to the surface at any given time. The
water moving through the old mine comes in contact with a substantial amount of rock.
This will remove some portion of the PCBs, in fact it is possible that the majority of PCBs
will be retained by sorption. Again, since this is incalculable, it is not included in the
assumption of concentration at surface. Thus, the hvpotheticai seepage of water saturated
with PCBs at a concentration of .0027 mg/1 represents a conservative scenario.
The following calculations serve as a cross check to verify that .0027 mg/1 is a conceivable,
conservative concentration of PCBs in the mine pool.
Volume water in mine:
300 gal/min * 4 years * 525,600 min/year = 6.3 * 10g gallons of capacity possible in
Levels 16 through 20 of the old mine (per Merchant).
I
37&7\ ZW3\001 [i001:SS t~-~~ ~ Hc~. 2.: 2, ~ . ~
Quantity of PCBs:
2.3 gallons * 3.79 liter/gal * 1.62 kg/1 = 14.1 kg
14.100.000 m~ = 5.22 * 108 liter of contaminated water
.027 mg/1
5.22*1081= 1.4*108ga1.
1.4 x 108 Qal. = 22% of the mine pool (as estimated by Merchant)
6.3 x 108 gal.
Thus, if we assume that no more than one quarter of the mine pool is available to dilute
the PCBs (i.e., about of the volume in the level 20 through 16 workings), then surface
seepage could contain .027 mg/1 PCBs. If the PCBs can enter more of the workings, then
the concentrations will be lower.
Seepage in the Rock Creek area (including adit 140) was estimated by Dames Sc. ytoore to
be 105 gallons per minute.
105 gpm = 398 liters/min.
Assuming the PCBs are removed from the mine by plug flow (the most conservative
assumption possible), then the transport time will be:
5.2 * 108 liters = 2.48 years
398 liters/min. '
So use 2.5 years is used for the exposure time to be conservative.
3790\2303\0018001 ~S 10 ~ Rcv. 2. 12; 1' j ~ ~
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\ ~ ~ / hantas fi ~,iooro
v?
11
19 II
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II
iiZ
II U
2
'I 0 ~ N
11 ~ Active Fire Area 'a-za
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X-CUT IS-24 18-25
I'}
IX-CUT 18-22 'If ~C~ X-CUT
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~r la'27 ~
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~ ~L~~~
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Z; i / X-CUT m
G
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,~I ~
~I
1~7 16-23 TRANSFORMER
STATION
ji Level
° Approximate Area of
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300 0 150 300 600
I I I I I I I ~
scale in feet
Composite Map
part of the
Ea Ie Mine
g
Gilman, Colorado
Figure A-2
REFERENCES
Dames & Moore. Eagle Mine Annual Report, 1990.
Dames & Moore. Eagle Mine Seepage Analysis. Communication to EPA, October 3, 1991.
Dames & Moore. Eagle Mine Seepage Analysis. Communication to CDH and EPA,
October 3, 1991.
Gulf & Western Industries, 1982. Memo frmo Mr. Frederic Main of G&W to Mr. David
Janik of USEPA, Subject: Eagle Mine Fire.
John Merchant. Eagle Mine Drainage After Shutdown, June, 1984.
Mr. Joe Trujillo, Formerly of Gulf & Western. Personal Interview with Mr. Stephen
Sterling, Morrison Knudseri Corporation.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Auwst 1990. Guidance on Remedial Actions for
Superfund Sites with PCB Contamination. Office of Emergency and Remedial
Response, Washington, D.C., EPA 540/C-90/007.
USGS, 1978. Ore Deposits of the Gilman District, Eagle County, Colorado. Geological
Survey Professional Paper 1017.
nao~ztwa~ooinooizss A-li ~Rr. z 12/i';vi~
APPENDIX B
t
MODELLING OF PCBS IN THE EAGLE RIVER
A one-dimensional, steady state model for non-conservative substances was used to predict
the downstream concentrations of Aroclor 1264 in the Eagle River. Aroclor 1260 is
introduced to surface water via runoff and seeps from Eagle Mine to Rock Creek. The
approach used predicts the concentration of the total form of non-conservative chemical in
the water column throughout aone-dimensional stream reach under steady state conditions.
Hydrologic data from October 1990 was used in the model (see Table B-1). The mass
balance approach used to solve for concentrations downstream of Rock Creek is:
change of chemical =chemical mass -chemical mass + Reactions
in water body inflow outflow
Reactions are considered to be partitioning and subsequent settling of the portion of
chemical in particulate form. The model formulation adapted from EPA (1984) is:
where
cI.(x) = total concentration of Aroclor 1260 at distance x from
source (µg/1),
ar(0) = total concentration of Aroclor 1260 at entry of source to river (µg/1),
ks = settling loss coefficient (1/day); given by vs/H where vs =settling
velocity (ft/day) and H =depth (ft), and
t* = travel time (days); given by x/IJ where x =distance downstream of
discharge (ft) and U =stream velocity (ft/day).
The following assumptions were used in development of this model:
• the chemical discharge is instantaneously mixed with the river (i.e. no mixing
zone or lateral and vertical concentration gradients.);
. dispersion is negligible in the longitudinal direction;
• average flow, cross-sectional area, suspended solids concentration and depth
represent conditions within a single reach.
37A0\7&13\OOIR0012SS B-1 (R:v. 12; 17,'~71~
The model is further adapted to account for dilution due to tributaries of the Eagle River.
The general dilution equation is:
W *1000
~T 5.39Q
where
W = loading of chemical (lb/day), and
Q = total flow (sum of upstream and tributary flow) (cfs).
The final equation for calculating downstream concentrations in the stream reach is:
-i
cT(z~_ 1000W`+[cd i+cr-2eXp( s~z Q
where:
W' - loading rate of Aroclor at current milepoint, i (lb/day),
Q' = total flow at current milepoint, i (cfs),
cd''' = dissolved concentration of Aroclor at previous milepoint, i-1 (µg/1),
' cp''I = particulate concentration of Aroclor at previous milepoint, i-1 (µg/1),
H''1 - depth of river between i-1 and i, (ft),
Ui-1 velocity between i-1 and i, (ft/sec}, .
fix` - distance between last dilution and i, (ft), and
Q'-t = total flow at previous milepoint, i-1, (cfs).
The following subsections describe methods for partitioning and determination of settling
velocity.
PARTITIONING
Aroclor 1260 is partitioned into a dissolved and particulate adsorbed phase based on its
sediment-to-water partition coefficient (EPA 1987). The particulate and dissolved
concentrations can be calculated by
cP = (1-fd)cr cd = fdcT .
3.90\296'1\60 i 60017SS B - ~ ~ Rev. 2. 12; I i I
I-. -
where
C~ =total concentration (ug/1),
cp =particulate concentration (µg/t),
cd =dissolved concentration (µg/1), and
fd =fraction of chemical dissolved; This is given by
1
1 + kPm
1000
where kp =partition coefficient (1/kg) and
m =suspended solids concentration in water column (mg/1).
A partition coefficient of 287,000 1/kg was used based on EPA (1987).
SE t t LING VELOCITY
Sedimentation and subsequent removal of adsorbed Aroclor would be expected in the Eagle
River. Thomann and Mueller (1987) state a range of settling velocities (vs) from 0.~ to 9.4
m/day (1.6 to 30.8 ft/day) for sediment particle diameters of ~ to 50 um, respectively. [n
this assessment, a settling velocity of 16.4 ft/day was used. Based on information on sieve
analysis data for soils associated with the Eagle River from SCS (1991), the settling rate may
be up two times greater than the value used in this analysis. A higher settling rate would
result in more rapid loss of PCBs from the water column and lower exposures to humans. '
The settling methodology presented assumes there is no resuspension of sediment from the
river bottom. Since the Eagle River is fairly shallow (see Table B-1) and moves moderately
(1.5 ft/sec), the assumption of no resuspension of sediment under normal flow conditions
is reasonable. Azoclor 1260 collected in bottom sediments is not expected to degrade
quickly, although both biological degradation and volatilization of PCBs may be significant
in the long run.
RESULTS
The results of the modelling analysis are presented in Table B-2. At 1.0 miles downstream
of Rock Creek the estimated PCB concentration is approximately 4x10 ug/L. The PCBs
are essentially removed from the water column at this point.
37ft0\2.503\001[100I.SS _ far. z iz/t;iQil
TABLE B-1. PHYSICAL DATA FOR THE EAGLE RIVER
Distance
Incremental Eagle River Downstream
Depth Width Flow Flow of Rock
Location (ft) (ft) (cfs) (cfs) Creek
(miles) (c)
Upstream 1.1 (a) 27.5 (a) 41.1 (a) -1
Bishop 1.0 (a) 25.3 (a) 46.3 (a) -0.81
Gulch
Two Elk 1.4 (a) ~ 29.8 (a) 36.4 (a) 2.~7
Creek
t
Cross Creek 7.72 (b) 3.05
Martin 1.1(a) 46.0(a) 76.04 (a) 4.38
Creek
Gore Creek 4.7 (b) 6.86
SOURCES:
(a) Flow data for October 1990 based on EPA (1991).
(b) USGS (1991) mean flow data for October 1989.
(c) USGS (1987), Minturn quadrangle.
»so`1so3~aotnooi:ss B-~ Rev. 2 t2/t7/9i~
i
Table B-2. Aroclor 1260 Concentrations Downstream of Rock Creek Using
16.4 ft/day Settling Rate
Total Conc. Dissolved Conc. Particulate Conc.
Mile Point (ppb) (ppb) (ppb)
0 1.52E-01 1.20E-02 1.40E-01
0.5 1.31E-02 1.04E-03 1.21E-02
0.8 1.04E-03 8.27E-OS 9.61E-04
1.0 8.28E-OS 6.56E-06 7.63E-OS
1.5 6.56E-06 5.20E-07 6.04E-06
2.0 5.20E-07 4.12E-08 - 4.79E-07
2.5 4.12E-08 3.26E-09 3.79E-08
2.6 4.15E-09 3.29E-10 3.82E-U9
3.0 2.71E-10 2.15E-11 2.50E-10
3.5 2.15E-11 1.70E-12 . 1.98E-11
4.0 1.70E-12 1.35E-13 1.57E-12
4.4 7.82E-14 6.20E-15 7.20E-14
5.0 6.20E-15 4.91E-16 5.70E-15
5.8 4.91E-16 3.89E-17 4.52E-16
6.0 3.89E-17 3.08E-18 3.58E-17
6.9 2.90E-18 2.30E-19 2.67E-18
10.0 2.30E-19 1.82E-20 2.12E-19
. 7780\28W\OOl ROOl2SS B-~ (Rr. 2. I R; ~ I ~
r ° a
REFERENCES
Thomann, R. A. and Mueller, J. 1987. Principles of S~irface Water Quality Modeling and
Control.
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service (SCS). 1991. Mike Hayter
personal communication with Melanie Bethel, Clement.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 1984. Technical Guidance Manual for
Performing Waste Load Allocations. Book II Streams and Rivers. Chapter 3 Toxic
Substances. Office of Water Regulation and Standards, Washington D.C. June
EPA 440/4-84/022
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 1987. Processes, Coefficients, and ivtodels
for Simulating Toxic Organics and Heavy Metals in Surface Waters. Environmental
Research Laboratory, Athens, GA. June. EPA/600/3-87/015
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 1991. Eagle River sampling data. Personal
communication of Bill Waters,. EPA with Steve Sterling, Morrison-Knudsen
Corporation.
United States Geological Survey (USGS). 1987. Topographic map, Minturn, Colorado
quandrangle.
United States Geological Survey (USGS). 1991. Water Resources Data. Colorado. Water
Year 1990. Volume 2. Colorado River Basin above Dolores River. Lakewood, CO.
R
3780\ 2.V03\ 00160012SS B-l5 (Rev. 2. 12/ l7/9l (
REC'~J JAN 1 5 1992
~OTM
r .rPt t~1'',.
NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF ~~~~u b..'..a~t.AIN D1v1SION
~ 50TH ANNIVERSARY REUNION
Post Office Box 101268
Denver, Colorado 80250
`goM1
To the Men and Ladies of our National Association:
It was during the month of November, 1942, that the
construction of Camp Hale was completed and we began to "move-
in"! In September, 1992, we will honor the 50th Anniversary of
this event with a "National Reunion"t All men who at any time
served with the 10th Mountain Division, or any of its units, or
their surviving family members, are invited to attend!
DATES: Arrival - Saturday, September 12, 1992
Departure - Thursday, September 17, 1992
PLACE: Vail, Colorado
• SCHEDULE OF EVENTS: See Enclosure
LODGING: See Enclosure
COST: See "Reunion Registration Form."
NOTE: "Early Registration Discount"!
All of Vail is preparing to welcome us! Many hotels,
condominium units, apartments and private homes are being offered
to us at very special rates! A detailed listing of
accommodations is enclosed. Please follow the instructions given
then return your "Lodging Request" directly to:
Vail Resort Association
100 East Meadow Drive
Vail, Colorado 81657
You can obtain assistance or additional information by
telephoning the Vail Resort Association at 1-800-525-3875 and
identifying yourself as 10th Mountain Division.
United Air Lines has been designated our "Official Reunion
Airlines. They have provided a special travel discount for us.
You will 'receive a 5~ discount off of any United or United Ex-
press published fares in effect when tickets are purchased,
subject to applicable restrictions, or a 45~ discount off of
unrestricted coach fares! Tickets must be purchased no later
than seven days in advance. For reservations and the discount,
call United at 1-800-521-4041 and identify yourself with Code 515
SW.
r
{
National Association Members
Page Two
A "Per Person Registration Fee" is being charged which will
nav for the following:
1. Saturday, September 12 - Welcome Party.
2. Sunday, September 13 - Unit Night Dinner
3. Monday, September 14 - Men's or Ladies Luncheon.
4. Wednesday, September 16 - Box Lunch for Tennessee Pass
and Camp Hale events
5. Wednesday, September 16 - Farewell Banquet
6. Reunion Packet including Pin, Name-Badge, Decals, etc.,
and a beautiful 50th Anniversary Lifetime Memento.
7. A charge representing your share of the expenses
required to organize and conduct the Reunion.
There are also several "Optional Events" that are listed on
the "Registration Form." Please check those that are of interest
to you. Payment for any costs involved for these "Optionals" can
be made at a later date.
Some'of you may wish to travel to Vail by "Recreation
Vehicle." Please check the appropriate box on the "Registration
Form" so that R.V. information can be sent to you by our R.V.
Chairman.
The elevation at Vail is 8,000 feet Denver is 5,280!
Please read the enclosed letter from the Colorado Altitude
Research Center. We are recommending that you spend at least one
additional day in Denver before proceeding to Vail. This will
help to acclimate you to the elevation change. Special
hotel/motel rates i~ Denver will be available. Please check the
proper box on .the "Registration Form" so that details of the
program in Denver (on September 10 and September 11) can be sent
to you. Please read the enclosed "invitation" from the 10th
Mountain Division Resource Center.
Send your "Registration Form" and the required check to us
immediately! It will greatly assist your Reunion Committee to
get an early indication as to how many to expect. Use the
following address and make your check payable to:
10th Mountain Division Reunion
Post Office Box 101268
Denver, Colorado 80250
Should you have any questions, write to us at the same
address.
See you next September!
Your Reunion Committee
NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF .~rr~t. ~~j:I l~ODHTAIH Div1SIOH
°°T" 50TH ANNIVERSARY REUNION
'i 4~ti,~ Post Office Box 101268
P ` Denver, Colorado 80250
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SCHEDULE OF EVENTS
(Preliminary)
Thursday. September 10. 1992:
* Arrival in Vail of National Officers, Foundation Officers, Chapter
Presidents and Chairmen of Reunion Committees.
* Arrival in Denver of "Pre-Reunion Altitude Adjustment." group.
Friday. September 11. 1992:
* Meeting of National Board, National Association of the 10th
Mountain Division, Inc.
* Program in Denver by 10th Mountain Division Resource Center
Colorado Historical Society and Denver Public Library.
Saturday. September 12. 1992:
* Meeting of National Board, 10th Mountain Division Foundation.
* Day of Arrival, 50th Anniversary Reunion.
* Evening: Welcome Party.
Sunday. September 13, 1992:
* Free Day! Find old friends! Visit the Memorabilia Displays and
the "Film Room." Enjoy Vail!
* Evening: "Unit Night" Dinners.
Monday. September 14. 1992:
* Men's Reunion Meeting and Luncheon
* Ladies Reunion Luncheon
* Evening: Free
Tuesday. September 15. 1992:
* "Vail Day" Golf, Tennis, Tours. and all Vail activities plus a
"Vail Celebration" and "Parade"!
* Evening: Free
Wednesday. September 16. 1992:
* Memorial Day!
* Ceremonies at 10th Mountain Division Monument, Tennessee Pass,
Colorado
* Ceremonies at Camp Hale
* Evening: Farewell Banquet
Thursday. September 17, 1992:
* Day of Departure
COLORADO MOUNTAIN COLLEGE
n ;j A N 1 7 1992 _
January 14, 1992
Dear Members of
Vail Town Council
Avon Town Council
Eagle County C~mmissiorers
Interested Metropolitan Districts:
For many years Colorado Mountain College has enjoyed a pleasant and productive
relationship with the Vail Valley, the Eagle area and within the state overall. Presently, our
Cascade Village and Eagle facilities are fully utilized and the future outlook promises a
need for additional space.
It has come to our attention that you have a study underway to create a plan for
optimum use of the Berry Creek land parcel in Edwards. Several area citizens have
suggested to our administrators that this land area would make an ideal campus site for
a new and measurably larger Colorado Mountain College. It has been additionally
suggested that constructing a new campus would provide an opportunity to develop a
major, multi-purpose facility capable of providing for a broad range of recreational and
other community needs.
This endeavor, if pursued, will require important changes in current CMC policy
and direction, however, this office believes in the potential of such a project. Certainly,
the concept of a major educational facility headquartered in the Vail area is most
appealing.
If these views are shared by your entities, and the apparent mutual benefits to be
derived pique your attention, please contact me at my office at 945-8691.
Sincerely,
. %t
~c~~r
.~ennis M. ~~yer, E
r
President
DM:tb
OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT
215 9th Street Glenwood Springs, Colorado 81601 (303) 947-8691
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TOWN OF VAIL ~ -
75 Soutb Frontage Road Department of Public Works/Transportation
Vail, Colorado 81657
303-479-1158lFA X 303-479-2166
MEMORANDIIM .
T0: Members of the Vail Housing Authority
Board of Commissioners
i ` ,
FROM: Todd Oppenheimer, Landscape ArchitectlPark';
Superintendent, Department of Public Works
DATE: January 14, 1992
RE: Comments on Vail Housing Authority Draft
Business Plan Dated November 8, 1991
A copy of your Draft Business Plan was given to me by Jill
Kammerer in mid November last year. Jill requested that I review
it and respond with any comments I might have. Please accept the
following comments and consider them in arriving at your final
Business Plan.
The Draft Business Plan addresses the concerns and relationships
of affordable housing within the Vail area with one exception.
.This exception is the relationship of housing needs to the need
for open space and recreation.
Quality, affordable housing and areas for open space and active
recreation are parallel needs within a community. This
relationship has been acknowledged since the creation of the
first public park in England in the late 1700'x. Many
communities require that a certain percentage of area be
dedicated to open space and recreational uses. The higher the
density. the more open space required.
Section VII of the Business Plan does not include recreation and
open space ,as a project facility requirement. As a suggestion
you may want to check with other communities to determine what
percentage of the developable area should be dedicated to useable
open space. I don't think that forty to fifty percent would be
too much.
Comments on Vail Housing Authority Draft
January 14, 1992
Page 2 '
My next area of concern is the choice of Donovan Park for one of
the Priority I Projects. As I stated before housing and
recreation are parallel needs. The expenditure of open space
areas for the use of housing defeats this principal. The
availability of affordable housing in Vail is critical at this
time. However, once this crisis is over the next one may relate
to open space and recreation areas.
The Town of Vail has just begun to discuss the creation of a Park
System.Masterplan. This masterplan, when completed, will include
the appropriate amount and type of parks and open space areas
needed and develop a plan for implementation. It is unfortunate
that such a plan has not been implemented already.
I speculate that the analysis portion of the Park System
Masterplan will include the following conclusions:
1. Vail in the form of Federal owned Nation Forest, has an
abundance of opportunities for the type of recreational
activities found in "Regional Open Space/Park" areas. These
include hiking, bicycling, fishing, camping, etc.
2. Vail has no existing "Community Park" space (25 acres or
larger) or much opportunity for the creation of such space
in the immediate Vail area. Activities within this type of
facility include swimming pools, large athletic complex,
etc. Demand for "Community Park" space will be
questionable, "Down Valley" opportunities are probably
sufficient if properly developed.
3. Demand for "Neighborhood Park/Playground" areas and."Pocket
Park" areas will be very high. This density of development
and the continuation of in-fill development will contribute
to the demand. People need opportunities for passive and
active recreation (picnicking, playfields, tot lots, court
games, etc.) within a walkable distance to their place of
residence.
I suggest that other, probably more expensive, sites be
considered before any open space areas are chosen. Parks and
open space will be an important contribution to the quality of
life we enjoy long after the crisis of affordable housing is
over.
Thank you for the opportunity to provide you with these comments.
Please don't hesitate to call me at 479-2161 if you have any
questions.
TO/dsr
cc: Ken Hughey
Ron Phillips
Kristan Pritz
Vail Town Council
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Properties _
RECD JAN 1 6 1992
January 16, 1992
Mayor Peggy Osterfoss
Town of Vail
' 75 S. Frontage Road, West
t Vail, CO' 81657
RE: Vail Transportation Master Plan
Dear Mayor Osterfoss:
We would like to express our support for the Vail Transportation
Master Plan. It is imperative for Vail to become a Pedestrian
Village if we are to continue to retain our ranking as the #1 Ski
Resort.
Certainly, our main concern is the truck parking in front of The
Lodge on Gore Creek Drive. Just the Commercial spaces and rented
Condominiums adjacent to and overlooking Gore Creek Drive produce
over $6,000,000.00 in revenue on a yearly basis. These units are
also the greatest source of complaints we receive, due to the noise
and fumes related to vehicular traffic and parking.
As you know, The Lodge has been a constant supporter of the
Pedestrian Village and removal of the loading zones in front of The
Lodge at Vail. Our view has always been that we receive no benefit
or convenience from the loading zone on Gore Creek Drive, since our
vendors and. guests use our own parking lot.
We would ask that you express our views and concerns at the
upcoming council meeting.
Sincerely,
Adalbert Stratta
Managing Director
cc: Paul A. Jeppson, Director of Owner Services
Jorge Bosch, ,President of Lodge Apartments
17'1 East Gore Creek Dri~~e \ail. Colorado 81657 303-476-5011 Fax 303-'176-7=125
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JANUARY 23, 1992
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- THOMAS ROVING, Ph.D. -
• ~ Former Director, The Metropolitan Museum of Art ~'Y"~~
- The Westin Hotel F
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BreaMast at 7:30 A.M.
_ . Program at 8:00 A. M. `
Cost is $10 per person S '
- Reseitvaations necessary: Call 476-0954
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FOR THE CALEPIDAR Press contact: Sharon Jewett
476-0954
Thursday, January 23rd, Symposium Breakfast Series,
Dr. Thomas Hoving, speaker, talking on his experience
as Director of the Metropolitan Museum of Art. Breakfast
buffet at 7:30 a.m., program 8:00 - 9:00 a.m. at the j~estin.
$10/person. Call 476-0954 for reservations. For the public.
Monday,-February 3rd, Symposium Breakfast Series,
Dr. Chester Finn, Education Advisor to President Bush
and outspoken public education critic. Breakfast buffet
at 7:30 a.m., program 8:00 - 9:00 a.m. at the Beaver
Creek Lodge. $10/person. Call 476-0954 for reservations.
For the public.